1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Part 2: Magnetic properties at low excitation levelThe European Standard EN 62044-2:2005 has the st
2、atus of a British StandardICS 29.100.10Cores made of soft magnetic materials Measuring methods BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 62044-2:2005BS EN 62044-2:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 19 August 2005 BSI 19 August 2005ISBN 0 580 460
3、42 8National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 62044-2:2005. It is identical with IEC 62044-2:2005.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/51, Transformers, inductors, magnetic components and ferrite materials, which
4、 has the responsibility to:A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section e
5、ntitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Complian
6、ce with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related in
7、ternational and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 31 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendmen
8、ts issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62044-2 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM April 2005 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretaria
9、t: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels ICS 29.100.10 English version Cores made of soft magnetic materials Measuring methods Part 2: Magnetic properties at low excitation level (IEC 62044-2:2005) Noyaux en matriaux magntiques doux - Mthodes de mesure Partie 2: Proprits magntiques niveau dexcitatio
10、n faible (CEI 62044-2:2005) Kerne aus weichmagnetischen Materialien -Messverfahren Teil 2: Messungen der magnetischen Eigenschaften im Signalapplikationsbereich(IEC 62044-2:2005) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2005-04-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC In
11、ternal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC
12、 member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CE
13、NELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden
14、, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 2005 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 62044-2:2005 E EN 62044-2:2005 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 51/804/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62044-2, prepared by IEC TC 51, Magneti
15、c components and ferrite materials, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 62044-2 on 2005-04-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endor
16、sement (dop) 2006-01-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2008-04-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 62044-2:2005 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without an
17、y modification. _ 3 EN 62044-2:2005 CONTENTS 1 Scope and object5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Symbols .6 5 Environmental conditions8 6 General precautions for methods involving permeability measurements .8 6.1 Parameters involved 8 6.2 Mounting of cores consisting of more t
18、han one part 8 7 General precautions for loss measurement at low flux density .8 7.1 Contributory losses8 7.2 Mounting .9 8 Magnetic conditioning.9 9 Inductance measurement10 9.1 General .10 9.2 Determination of the test signal10 9.3 Determination of the test coil .11 9.3.1 General .11 9.3.2 Recomme
19、ndations for toroids .12 9.3.3 Recommendations for cores using bobbin.12 9.3.4 Recommendations for planar cores 13 9.4 Considerations for core alignment during test.13 9.5 Measurement of inductance under the influence of d.c. magnetic field 14 9.5.1 General .14 9.5.2 Principle of the measurement .14
20、 9.5.3 Specimens.14 9.5.4 Measuring coil .14 9.5.5 Measuring procedure .15 9.6 Parameters related to core geometry .15 9.7 Magnetic material parameters16 10 Disaccommodation .18 11 Temperature coefficient of permeability.18 11.1 Specimens 18 11.2 Measuring procedure .19 12 Losses at low flux density
21、 .20 12.1 Object 20 12.2 Measuring coil .20 12.3 Measurement of residual and eddy current loss20 12.4 Measurement of the hysteresis loss .21 13 Total harmonic distortion 22 13.1 Specimen 22 13.2 Measuring instrument and circuit22 13.3 Measuring procedure .22 13.3.1 Procedure22 13.3.2 Magnetic flux d
22、ensity characteristics 23 13.3.3 Temperature characteristics .23 EN 62044-2:2005 4 13.4 ALvalue and winding conditions for THDFmeasurement.23 13.5 Material characteristics THDF23 13.5.1 Specimen 23 13.5.2 Procedure and measuring condition23 13.5.3 Total harmonic distortion factor (THDF).24 14 Curie
23、temperature.24 15 Normalized impedance, parallel conductivity, and insertion loss.24 15.1 General .24 15.2 Measuring procedure .24 15.3 Normalized impedance 25 15.4 Parallel conductivity.25 Annex A (informative) Disaccommodation.26 A.1 General .26 A.2 Principle of the method 26 A.3 Specimens 26 A.4
24、Timing device 26 A.5 Measuring procedure .27 A.6 Calculation 27 Annex B (informative) Measurement conditions for THD testing 28 B.1 Object .28 B.2 Determination of number of turns for maximum flux density 28 B.3 Determination of the number of turns for minimum CCF 29 Annex ZA (normative) Normative r
25、eferences to international publications with their corresponding European publications31 Figure 1 Pictorial representation of the effect of self-resonant frequency on the value of measured inductance.11 Figure 2 THDFmeasuring circuit 22 Figure 3 Curie temperature 24 Figure B.1 Flux density as a func
26、tion of number of turns .28 Figure B.2 Circuit correction factor (CCF) as a function of number of turns30 Table 1 Relationship of test turns to magnetic structure, test frequency and inductance factor AL.12 Table 2 Specimen of ALvalue and winding conditions for THDFmeasurement 23 5 EN 62044-2:2005 C
27、ORES MADE OF SOFT MAGNETIC MATERIALS MEASURING METHODS Part 2: Magnetic properties at low excitation level 1 Scope and object This part of IEC 62044 applies to magnetic cores, mainly made of magnetic oxides or metallic powders, used at low excitation level in inductors and transformers for telecommu
28、nication equipment and electronic devices employing similar techniques. Some of the methods described in this part of IEC 62044 may also be suitable for magnetic cores used in other components. This part of IEC 62044 gives guidance for the drafting of those parts of specifications for magnetic cores
29、 that are concerned with measuring methods for magnetic and electric core properties. This part of IEC 62044 is limited to the general principles to be followed for various possible test methods and sets out the factors to be taken into account when deciding on the description of the test method to
30、be included in the specification. NOTE All the formulae in this part of IEC 62044 use basic SI units. When multiples or submultiples are used, the appropriate power of 10 should be introduced. The conversion factor for inductances and inductance factors is as follows: 1 H = 109nH. 2 Normative refere
31、nces The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60205, Calculation of the effective para
32、meters of magnetic piece parts IEC 60401-3:2003, Terms and nomenclature for cores made of magnetically soft ferrites Part 3: Guidelines on the format of data appearing in manufacturers catalogues of transformer and inductor cores IEC 62044-1:2002, Cores made of soft magnetic materials Measuring meth
33、ods Part 1: Generic specification 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of IEC 62044, the following terms and definitions apply. EN 62044-2:2005 6 3.1 (magnetic) Total Harmonic Distortion THD distortion of voltage waveform caused by non-linear relation between the magnetic flux densi
34、ty and the magnetic field strength in a ferrite core and expressed by: THD = 20lg(Vm/Vf) (1)where =12mnnVV (2) Vnis the amplitude of the nthharmonic component of the quantity and Vfis the amplitude of the fundamental component of the quantity 3.2 (magnetic) Total Harmonic Distortion Factor THDFmathe
35、matical expression used for the evaluation of characteristics of magnetic materials and given by: =CCFVVTHD/lg20eafmF(3) where =12mnnVV (4) Vnis the amplitude of the nthharmonic component of the quantity and Vfis the amplitude of the fundamental component of the quantity ()2s1/31/1 RLCCF += (5)NOTE
36、1 CCF stands for the Circuit Correction Factor and is given in the approximation for the third harmonic, which is valid for measurements without applied d.c. bias. L1is primary inductance. Rsis total source resistance (50 ). NOTE 2 eais the effective amplitude permeability. 4 Symbols The following s
37、tandard symbols are used in this standard. t time T temperature in C TCcurie temperature L self-inductance LTself-inductance at temperature Lmeasured inductance seen at low a.c. excitation Zmeasured impedance seen at low a.c. excitation 7 EN 62044-2:2005 Rmeasured imaginary part of impedance seen at
38、 low a.c. excitation 0magnetic constant: 0,4 106H/m rcomplex relative permeability (measured in series inductance mode) iinitial permeability eeffective permeability r,ssame as rr,pcomplex relative permeability (measured in parallel inductance mode) rreal part of complex relative permeability (measu
39、red in series inductance mode) r,ssame as rr,preal part of complex relative permeability (measured in parallel inductance mode) rimaginary part of complex relative permeability (measured in series inductance mode) r,ssame as rr,pimaginary part of complex relative permeability (measured in parallel i
40、nductance mode) Tinitial permeability at temperature eaeffective amplitude permeability N number of turns of measuring coil C1 core constant defined in IEC 60205 Aeeffective cross-sectional area leeffective magnetic path length angular frequency f frequency fLlower end of frequency band U r.m.s. val
41、ue of sinusoidal voltage Vmvoltage amplitude of the square root of the quadratic sum of the amplitudes over all harmonics Vfvoltage amplitude at the fundamental frequency THD (magnetic) total harmonic distortion THDF(magnetic) total harmonic distortion factor CCF circuit correction factor (for THDF
42、calculation) B peak flux density: same as a.c. flux density ALinductance factor lgeffective air-gap length Ageffective gap area temperature coefficient of permeability Ftemperature factor EN 62044-2:2005 8 tan tangent loss angle tan etangent loss angle for gapped core (tan /)hhysteresis loss factor
43、Bhysteresis material constant ZN(f) normalized impedance gp(f) parallel conductivity Rp(f) parallel resistance ac(f) insertion loss due to core contribution D disaccommodation DFdisaccommodation factor 5 Environmental conditions The environmental conditions shall comply with Clause 3 of IEC 62044-1.
44、 6 General precautions for methods involving permeability measurements 6.1 Parameters involved The effective permeability of a core depends upon many factors, among which are the magnetic history, time, temperature, field strength, mechanical pressure, frequency of measuring current, core geometry a
45、nd position of the measuring coil. Various methods described in this standard single out one of these factors at a time, for example, time or temperature, and precautions during these measurements should be directed towards eliminating the influence of all other factors. For example, a clamping devi
46、ce should be such that the pressure remains constant in time and with temperature, so that the measuring result is not influenced by changing pressure. 6.2 Mounting of cores consisting of more than one part The mounting of cores shall be in accordance with IEC 62044-1. 7 General precautions for loss
47、 measurement at low flux density 7.1 Contributory losses At low flux density (i.e. within the Rayleigh region), the loss measured on a core by means of a coil or other coupling device is due to a number of causes; some may be inherent in the core itself, some in the coupling device and some in the c
48、onnection between the coupling device and the measuring instrument. For measurements with coils, the following contributory losses can be distinguished: core loss; d.c. coil loss; Iosses due to skin effect and proximity effect; dielectric loss in the coil; Ioss in connecting wires and loss in any as
49、sociated component (for example, resonating capacitor). An attempt should be made to isolate the core loss from the total loss measured, either by correction or by choosing the conditions so as to make the other contributory losses negligible. The d.c. coil loss and the loss in any associated component can be measured separately; the other contributory losses may be either calculated or determin
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