BS EN 62308-2006 Equipment reliability - Reliability assessment methods《设备可靠性 可靠性评定方法》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 62308:2006Equipment reliability Reliability assessment methodsThe European Standard EN 62308:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 03.120.01; 03.120.99g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36

2、g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 29 07:14:47 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 62308:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 Marc

3、h 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 50405 1National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 62308:2006. It is identical with IEC 62308:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee DS/1, Dependability and terotechnology, to

4、Subcommittee DS/1/1, Dependability.A list of organizations represented on DS/1/1 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard c

5、annot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 29 07:14:47 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62308 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM December 2006 CENELEC European Committee for Ele

6、ctrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2006 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref

7、. No. EN 62308:2006 E ICS 03.120.01; 03.120.99 English version Equipment reliability - Reliability assessment methods (IEC 62308:2006) Fiabilit de lquipement - Mthodes dvaluation de la fiabilit (CEI 62308:2006) Zuverlssigkeit von Gerten - Verfahren zur Zuverlssigkeitsbewertung (IEC 62308:2006) This

8、European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2006-11-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical refer

9、ences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC m

10、ember into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irelan

11、d, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 29 07:14:47 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIForeword The text of document 56/1110/

12、FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62308, prepared by IEC TC 56, Dependability, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 62308 on 2006-11-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an id

13、entical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2007-08-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2009-11-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 62308:2006 was approved by CENELE

14、C as a European Standard without any modification. _ EN 62308:2006 2 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 29 07:14:47 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSICONTENTS INTRODUCTION. 5 1 Scope. 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Abbreviations . 8 5 Symbols . 8 6 Introduction

15、to reliability assessment 9 6.1 Introductory remarks . 9 6.2 Description of reliability assessment 9 7 Management of reliability assessment process .13 7.1 Purpose of reliability assessment 13 7.2 Documentation 19 8 Data needs.19 8.1 Input data19 8.2 Data sources and types.20 8.3 Data collection, st

16、orage, and retrieval .21 9 Reliability assessment methods21 9.1 Introduction .21 9.2 Similarity analysis .23 9.3 Durability analysis .25 9.4 Sensitivity testing and analysis26 9.5 Handbook predictions28 9.6 Limitations of reliability assessment results .30 10 Considerations for selecting reliability

17、 assessment methods.30 11 Reliability assessment process improvement32 11.1 General .32 11.2 Validating reliability assessment results 32 11.3 Improving the reliability assessment process.32 Annex A (informative) Similarity analysis examples.34 Annex B (informative) Durability analysis 46 Bibliograp

18、hy53 Figure 1 Methods requiring a reliability assessment as input13 Figure 2 Stages of product life cycle 17 Figure 3 Reliability assessment and improvement process.22 Figure A.1 Example similarity analysis flowchart 42 EN 62308:2006 3 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publi

19、cations with their corresponding European publications 57 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 29 07:14:47 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSITable 1 Example of constant rate reliability measures11 Table 2 IEC Standards providing guidance on methods .14 Table A.1 Example characteristic differ

20、ences.41 Table A.2 Example high-level similarity analysis spreadsheet 43 Table A.3 Example low-level similarity analysis spreadsheet44 Table A.4 Example process difference factor tables.45 Table B.1 Values for exponent B for equations (B.7) and (B.8).50 EN 62308:2006 4 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, T

21、ue May 29 07:14:47 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIINTRODUCTION This International Standard describes procedures that are intended for use in assessing the reliability of items based on data from: the market of similar items; and field data and test data from suppliers of components and mo

22、dules. The results of such assessments are intended for use as inputs to early equipment design decisions such as system architecture selection as well as business decisions such as estimating the cost of warranties or maintenance cost guarantees. Furthermore the results can be used as the initial e

23、stimate for input to safety analysis, for example FTA analysis. Modern electronic components and items are so reliable that estimating or verifying their reliability by testing is very difficult, therefore data from the field for previous similar items are often the only way to get an initial estima

24、te of the reliability. Component manufacturers have used this method for years under the name of the “similarity principle”. By emphasising the use of data from previously marketed similar products, and requiring similarity to be documented, the method is a modern alternative to the classical but no

25、w obsolete handbook prediction. Reliability assessment results should be viewed as an early estimate of the probability that the product reliability targets and goals can be satisfied using the chosen architecture, modules, components and maintenance policy. As such, they may be used, for example, t

26、o authorize advancement to the next step in product development, or to authorize progress payments, or to proceed with delivery and acceptance of products. Reliability assessment results should never be used to support a claim that the reliability targets, goals, or expectations have been satisfied.

27、 The only certain measure of reliability requirement having been met is from service/field performance. This standard describes the uses for reliability assessment results as well as providing a list of IEC standards that require such results as input. The approach to reliability assessment in this

28、International Standard encourages the equipment manufacturer to consider all relevant information regarding equipment reliability which may include the effects of design and manufacturing processes as well as component selection issues. This is in contrast to more traditional methods that focus on c

29、omponent reliability as the most significant contributor to the equipment reliability; encourages the equipment manufacturer to define and use the processes that are most effective for the manufacturers own equipment; describes a continuous procedure in which a reliability assessment can be updated

30、as more information becomes available during the life cycle of the equipment. This information may be used to improve both the reliability of the equipment and the effectiveness of the assessment process. This International Standard describes the application of three approaches to reliability assess

31、ment, namely: similarity analysis, durability analysis, and handbook predictions. This standard does not, however, provide information on assessing the reliability of software systems but can be used for assessing the reliability of hardware systems containing embedded software. EN 62308:2006 5 Lice

32、nsed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 29 07:14:47 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEQUIPMENT RELIABILITY RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT METHODS 1 Scope This International Standard describes early reliability assessment methods for items based on field data and test data for components and modules. It is

33、 applicable to mission, safety and business critical, high integrity and complex items. It contains information on why early reliability estimates are required and how and where the assessment would be used. Finally, it details methods for reliability assessment and the data required to support the

34、assessment. To estimate durability (life time or wear-out), the physics-of-failure method is used. Three types of assessment are discussed in detail: the similarity approach; models for durability analysis; handbook methods. Clause 6 provides an introduction to reliability assessment and Clause 7 th

35、e management of the process. Clause 8 describes the data needs, sources and types for assessments and Clause 9 provides details of the assessment methods. Annexes A and B provide additional information to aid understanding of the similarity analysis and durability analysis. This standard is applicab

36、le to making reliability estimates for specifications, design, design modification and support engineering. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,

37、the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60050-191:1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Chapter 191: Dependability and quality of service IEC 60300-1, Dependability management Part 1: Dependability management systems IEC 60300-3-1:2003, Dependa

38、bility management Part 3-1: Application guide Analysis techniques for dependability Guide on methodology IEC 60300-3-2, Dependability management Part 3-2: Application guide Collection of dependability data from the field IEC 60300-3-3, Dependability management Part 3-3: Application guide Life cycle

39、costing IEC 60300-3-4:1996, Dependability management Part 3: Application guide Section 4: Guide to the specification of dependability requirements EN 62308:2006 6 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 29 07:14:47 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIIEC 60300-3-5:2001, Dependability management P

40、art 3-5: Application guide Reliability test conditions and statistical test principles IEC 60300-3-9, Dependability management Part 3: Application guide Section 9: Risk analysis of technological systems IEC 60300-3-11, Dependability management Part 3-11: Application guide Reliability centred mainten

41、ance IEC 60300-3-12, Dependability management Part 3-12: Application guide Integrated logistic support IEC 60812, Analysis techniques for system reliability Procedure for failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) IEC 61025, Fault tree analysis (FTA) IEC 61078, Analysis techniques for dependability Re

42、liability block diagram and boolean methods IEC 61160, Design review IEC 61165, Application of Markov techniques IEC 61508 (all parts), Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems IEC 61649, Goodness-of-fit tests, confidence intervals and lower confidenc

43、e limits for Weibull distributed data IEC 61709, Electronic components Reliability Reference conditions for failure rates and stress models for conversion IECI 61710, Power law model Goodness-of-fit tests and estimation methods IEC 61713, Software dependability through the software life-cycle proces

44、ses Application guide IEC 61882, Hazard and operability studies (HAZOP studies) Application guide IEC 62380, Reliability data handbook Universal model for reliability prediction of electronics components, PCBs and equipment 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and def

45、initions given in IEC 60050-191, together with the following, apply. 3.1 durability analysis analysis of the equipments responses to the stresses imposed by operational use, maintenance, shipping, storage and other activities throughout its specified life-cycle in order to estimate its predicted rel

46、iability and expected life 3.2 life-cycle time interval between a products conception and its disposal EN 62308:2006 7 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 29 07:14:47 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI3.3 similarity analysis structured comparison of the elements of the equipment being asses

47、sed with those of predecessor equipment for which in-service reliability data are available 4 Abbreviations ASIC Application specific integrated circuit BITE Built in test equipment COTS Commercial off the shelf FEA Finite element analysis FFOP Failure free operating period FITS Failure per thousand

48、 million hours FMEA Failure mode and effects analysis FMECA Failure mode, effects and criticality analysis FRACAS Failure reporting, analysis and corrective action system FTA Fault tree analysis HALT Highly accelerated life test IC Integrated circuit LCC Life cycle costs LRU Line replaceable unit MC

49、TF Mean cycles to failure MTBF Mean time between failures MTBUR Mean time between unit repair MTTF Mean time to failure MTTR Mean time to restoration/recovery/repair MTTSC Mean time to service call MTTSI Mean time to service interruption MTTWC Mean time to warranty claim RBD Reliability block diagram RCM Reliability centred maintenance RET Reliability enhancement test SRU Shop replaceable unit 5 Symbols Constant failure rate of the exponential di