BS EN 62509-2011 Battery charge controllers for photovoltaic systems Performance and functioning《光伏系统用电池充电控制器 性能和功能》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBattery charge controllers for photovoltaic systems Performance and functioningBS EN 62509:2011National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 62509:2011. I

2、t is identical to IEC 62509:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/82, Photovoltaic Energy Systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the nec

3、essary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 62234 2 ICS 27.160Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy C

4、ommittee on 30 September 2011.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 62509:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62509 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM September 2011 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electro

5、technique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 62509:2011 E ICS 27.160 English version Battery charge controll

6、ers for photovoltaic systems - Performance and functioning (IEC 62509:2010) Contrleurs de charge de batteries pour systmes photovoltaques - Performance et fonctionnement (CEI 62509:2010) Leistung und Funktion von Photovoltaik-Batterieladereglern (IEC 62509:2010) This European Standard was approved b

7、y CENELEC on 2011-01-20. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national s

8、tandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and

9、notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lat

10、via, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 62509:2011EN 62509:2011 Foreword The text of document 82/614/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62509, prepared by IEC TC 82, Solar photovolt

11、aic energy systems, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 62509 on 2011-01-20. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifyin

12、g any or all such patent rights. This standard is to be used in conjunction with EN 62093. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2012-03-02 latest date by which the

13、national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2014-01-20 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 62509:2010 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ BS EN 62509:2011EN 62509:2011 Ann

14、ex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edit

15、ion of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 61836 - Solar photovoltaic energy systems - Terms, definitions an

16、d symbols - - IEC 62093 - Balance-of-system components for photovoltaic systems - Design qualification natural environments EN 62093 - BS EN 62509:201162509 IEC:2010 CONTENTS 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions 6 4 Functionality and performance requirements of a PV BCC 8 4.1

17、 General . 8 4.2 Applicability of requirements . 8 4.3 Battery lifetime protection requirements . 9 4.3.1 Prevent leakage current from battery to PV generator 9 4.3.2 Basic battery charging functions 9 4.3.3 Charging regime . 9 4.3.4 Set-point security . 1 0 4.3.5 Load disconnect capability . 1 1 4.

18、4 Energy performance requirements . 1 1 4.4.1 Stand by self-consumption . 1 1 4.4.2 BCC efficiency 1 1 4.5 Protection and fail safe requirements . 1 1 4.5.1 Thermal performance 1 1 4.5.2 Overcurrent operation 1 2 4.5.3 PV generator and battery reverse polarity 1 2 4.5.4 Open circuit on battery termi

19、nals (no battery connection) 1 2 4.6 User interface requirements 1 2 4.6.1 General 1 2 4.6.2 Operational information. 1 2 4.6.3 User adjustable set-points and parameters 1 3 4.6.4 Alarms . 1 3 5 Tests . 1 3 5.1 General conditions for tests. 1 3 5.1.1 Setup and preconditioning for tests . 1 3 5.1.2 D

20、C power sources for testing . 1 4 5.1.3 General test setup 1 4 5.1.4 Reverse current test setup . 1 5 5.1.5 Charging cycle test setup 1 6 5.1.6 Efficiency, thermal performance and PV overcurrent test setup 1 8 5.2 Battery lifetime protection tests 1 9 5.2.1 Battery to PV generator leakage current te

21、st 1 9 5.2.2 Charging cycle tests 1 9 5.2.3 Load disconnect / load reconnect test 2 0 5.3 Energy performance tests 2 1 5.3.1 Standby self-consumption test . 2 1 5.3.2 Efficiency test . 2 2 5.4 Protection and fail safe tests . 2 2 5.4.1 Thermal performance test . 2 2 5.4.2 PV overcurrent protection t

22、est . 2 3 5.4.3 Load over current protection test . 2 3 5.4.4 Battery reverse polarity test 2 4 BS EN 62509:201162509 IEC:2010 5.4.5 PV generator reverse polarity test . 2 4 5.4.6 Battery open circuit test 2 5 5.5 User interface tests . 2 5 Annex A (informative) Battery charging guideline . 2 7 Figu

23、re 1 General test setup . 1 5 Figure 2 Reverse current test setup . 1 6 Table 1 Requirements for self consumption 1 1 Table A.1 Battery charging setpoint guideline . 2 7 BS EN 62509:2011 6 62509 IEC:2010 BATTERY CHARGE CONTROLLERS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE AND FUNCTIONING 1 Scope This Int

24、ernational Standard establishes minimum requirements for the functioning and performance of battery charge controllers (BCC) used with lead acid batteries in terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) systems. The main aims are to ensure BCC reliability and to maximise the life of the battery. This standard shal

25、l be used in conjunction with IEC 62093, which describes test and requirements for intended installation application. In addition to the battery charge control functions, this Standard addresses the following battery charge control features: photovoltaic generator charging of a battery, load control

26、, protection functions, interface functions. This standard does not cover MPPT performance, but it is applicable to BCC units that have this feature. This standard defines functional and performance requirements for battery charge controllers and provides tests to determine the functioning and perfo

27、rmance characteristics of charge controllers. It is considered that IEC 62093 is used to determine the construction requirements for the intended installation which includes but is not limited to aspects such as the enclosure, physical connection sturdiness and safety. This standard was written for

28、lead acid battery applications. It is not limited in terms of the BCC capacity to which it may be applied, however, the requirements for test equipment when applied to BCC with high voltage or current, for example, greater than 120 V or 100 A, may be difficult to achieve. These approaches may be app

29、licable to other power sources and other battery technologies like Ni-Cd batteries by using the corresponding values of cell voltages. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applie

30、s. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61836, Solar photovoltaic energy systems Terms, definitions and symbols IEC 62093, Balance-of-system components for photovoltaic systems Design qualification natural environments 3 Terms

31、and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 61836 apply as well as the following. 3.1 battery charge controller (BCC) an electronic device/s that controls the charging and discharging of the battery in a photovoltaic energy system. The charge control fun

32、ction may be included as a subsystem within another product. BS EN 62509:201162509 IEC:2010 7 3.2 bulk charge initial charging stage aimed at restoring the battery charge as fast as possible, in which all the available charging current from the PV generator, or the maximum current rating of the BCC,

33、 is delivered to the battery. NOTE Sometimes referred to as boost charge. 3.3 bulk voltage threshold voltage used by the BCC as a control parameter to change charging mode from bulk charge to the next charging stage NOTE Sometimes referred to as boost voltage. 3.4 bulk charge delay time the amount o

34、f time for which the bulk voltage is to be maintained before the change from the bulk charge stage to the next charging stage is made 3.5 equalise current a constant current applied to the battery during equalise charge; normally determined by battery manufacturer recommendations 3.6 equalise charge

35、 a relatively high voltage charging stage that is maintained for a defined time. Charge control can be achieved by constant voltage or constant current regulation or a combination of both. Equalise charge is intended to bring all cells to the same state of charge and remove electrolyte stratificatio

36、n in flooded cells by causing them to produce gas and stir the electrolyte. 3.7 equalise voltage the voltage that the battery is allowed to reach during equalisation. This voltage is set above the gassing point for flooded batteries and below the maximum allowable voltage that the battery can withst

37、and without damage. 3.8 equalise time time that the equalise voltage is maintained from the moment that the battery has reached the equalise voltage, to the moment when the equalise charge is terminated to enter the next charging stage 3.9 float charge a constant voltage charging stage in which the

38、battery is maintained at a voltage below the gassing point to complete the charging cycle and compensate for battery self discharge 3.10 float voltage the minimum constant voltage necessary to offset the internal losses of the battery 3.11 load disconnect point condition (usually battery voltage) at

39、 which the load terminals of the charge controller are switched off to prevent the battery from over discharging, or at which a control signal or alarm BS EN 62509:2011 8 62509 IEC:2010 is triggered to signal a low battery state of charge. When the condition is a battery voltage, the abbreviation LV

40、D (Low Voltage Disconnect) is usually used. 3.12 load reconnect point condition (usually battery voltage) at which the load terminals of the charge controller are switched back on to allow the battery to supply the load, or at which a control signal or alarm is switched off to signal a battery state

41、 of charge that warrants the supply of the load. When the condition is a battery voltage, the abbreviation LVR (Low Voltage Reconnect) is usually used. 3.13 self-adaptive an algorithm that modifies the charge controller set-points based on state of charge calculations, battery state of charge histor

42、y, etc., or a combination of these parameters 3.14 temperature compensation for end of charge voltage set-points a temperature dependent coefficient applied to the end of charge voltage set-points when the temperature of the battery differs from the reference temperature (usually 25 C). In addition

43、to the temperature coefficient, temperature compensation normally has minimum and maximum limits that should be adhered to (i.e. voltage set-points should be constrained within a range). 4 Functionality and performance requirements of a PV BCC 4.1 General This Clause describes the performance and fu

44、nctionality requirements for PV battery charge controllers (BCC). These requirements are divided in 5 main categories: Battery lifetime protection. Efficiency. User interface. Fail safe functions. Marking and documentation. The provisions in this standard are not intended to preclude or rule out inn

45、ovative control techniques aimed at providing effective battery charging. These however shall be verifiable by testing. 4.2 Applicability of requirements Required provisions ensure reliable operation and essential protection functions, and are generally easily achievable on even inexpensive BCCs int

46、ended for small installations (e.g. single module installations at extra low voltage). Recommended provisions ensure more effective battery charging, better efficiencies, longer battery lifetime and additional user interface functions. They are intended to provide and/or facilitate more advanced bat

47、tery charging and load management. BS EN 62509:201162509 IEC:2010 9 4.3 Battery lifetime protection requirements 4.3.1 Prevent leakage current from battery to PV generator The BCC shall limit leakage current flowing from the battery to the PV generator in order to prevent battery discharging at nigh

48、t. The allowable reverse current on the PV side shall be 0,1 % of the BCC rated input current when the battery voltage is equal to the rated voltage. Compliance shall be verified by test according to 5.2.1. 4.3.2 Basic battery charging functions 4.3.2.1 General The BCC shall provide appropriate char

49、ging set-points and load disconnect set-points for the specific battery technology or technologies it is intended to be used for. 4.3.2.2 Protect battery from over-charge The BCC shall cut out or regulate the charging current to avoid over-charging of the battery according to battery manufacturer recommended end of charge set-point. Compliance shall be determined by test according to 5.2.2. 4.3.2.3 Protect battery from over-discharge The BCC shall have a provision to prevent the