1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 4180:2010Packaging Complete, filledtransport packages Generalrules for the compilation ofperformance test schedules(ISO 4180:2009)BS EN ISO 4180:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNa
2、tional forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 4180:2010.It is identical to ISO 4180:2009. It supersedes BS EN 24180-1:1993 andBS EN 24180-2:1993 which are withdrawnThe UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PKW/0/-/6, Packaging - Testing and
3、 Testing Methods.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 60139 2ICS 55.180.40Compl
4、iance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM
5、 EN ISO 4180 September 2010 ICS 55.180.40 Supersedes EN 24180-1:1992, EN 24180-2:1992English Version Packaging - Complete, filled transport packages - General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules (ISO 4180:2009) Emballages - Emballages dexpdition complets et pleins - Rgles gnrales
6、 pour ltablissement de programmes dessais de performance (ISO 4180:2009) Verpackung - Versandfertige Packstcke - Allgemeine Regeln fr die Erstellung von Prfplnen (ISO 4180:2009)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 August 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal
7、 Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
8、 This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members
9、are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swe
10、den, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
11、 Ref. No. EN ISO 4180:2010: EBS EN ISO 4180:2010EN ISO 4180:2010 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 4180:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122 “Packaging” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 4180:2010 by Technical Committee CEN
12、/TC 261 “Packaging” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Ma
13、rch 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 24180-1:1992, EN 24180-2:1992. According to the
14、CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
15、Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 4180:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 4180:2010 without any modification. BS EN ISO 4180:2010ISO 4180:2009(
16、E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Distribution systems .2 5 Hazards.2 6 Tests .2 6.1 General .2 6.2 Appropriate application of tests 2 6.3 Levels of intensity .3 7 Determination of criteria for acceptance 3 8 S
17、election of package attitude.3 9 Compilation of test schedules .4 9.1 Case 1: distribution system well defined and intensity of hazards determined.4 9.2 Case 2: distribution system undefined and intensity of hazards unknown4 10 Case 1 .4 10.1 Preferred test sequence4 10.2 Preferred test parameters.4
18、 10.3 Atmospheric conditioning (performed in accordance with ISO 2233).5 10.4 Low pressure tests (performed in accordance with ISO 2873).5 10.5 Horizontal impact (performed in accordance with ISO 2244) .5 10.6 Vertical impact (performed in accordance with ISO 2248)7 10.7 Random vibration tests (perf
19、ormed in accordance with ISO 13355) .9 10.7.1 Mounting of package on the test vibration table9 10.7.2 Test power spectral densities (PSD) .9 10.8 Stacking11 10.8.1 Stacking (performed in accordance with ISO 2234).11 10.8.2 Stacking test using a compression tester (performed in accordance with ISO 12
20、048).11 10.9 Test simulating different hazards 12 11 Case 2 .12 12 Documentation.15 12.1 Test specification 15 12.2 Test report16 Annex A (informative) Methods of quantifying damage to a package and/or its contents .17 Bibliography18 BS EN ISO 4180:2010ISO 4180:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reserve
21、dForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
22、technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matter
23、s of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulat
24、ed to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible
25、 for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 4180 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 3, Performance requirements and tests for means of packaging, packages and unit loads (as required by ISO/TC 122). This first edition of ISO 4180 cancels and replaces I
26、SO 4180-1:1980 and ISO 4180-2:1980. BS EN ISO 4180:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4180:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Packaging Complete, filled transport packages General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules 1 Scope This International Standard establishes general rules to
27、be used for the compilation of performance test schedules for complete, filled transport packages intended for use within any distribution system except for the packages used for dangerous goods. For a known distribution environment with experimental data available (case 1), this International Stand
28、ard provides guide lines for the compilation of appropriate test schedules. For an unknown distribution environment (case 2), this International Standard provides test schedules in dependence of the test specimen mass and forecast destination. This International Standard also gives the factors to be
29、 considered in assessing the criteria of acceptance of such packages after they have been subjected to a package performance test schedule. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited a
30、pplies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2206, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages Identification of parts when testing ISO 2233, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Conditioning for testi
31、ng ISO 2234, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Stacking tests using a static load ISO 2244, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Horizontal impact tests ISO 2248, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages Vertical impact test by dropping ISO 287
32、3, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Low pressure test ISO 4178, Complete, filled transport packages Distribution trials Information to be recorded ISO 8318, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Sinusoidal vibration tests using a variable frequency
33、ISO 12048, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages Compression and stacking tests using a compression tester ISO 13355:2001, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Vertical random vibration test EN 14149, Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads Impact
34、 test by rotational drop BS EN ISO 4180:2010ISO 4180:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 performance test schedule single laboratory test, or series of tests, intended to ascertain the perform
35、ance, under working conditions, of the subject under test 3.2 complete, filled transport package packaging, including contents, prepared for distribution NOTE ISO 21067 6 provides terminology relating to packaging. 3.3 distribution system operations which take place after a package has been filled a
36、nd closed, including all handling, transport and storage operations up to and including delivery to the user 4 Distribution systems Distribution systems exist in great variety and complexity, but however great the complexity, they may be considered to be combinations of a number of simple elements.
37、These simple elements are: a) transport of packages from one point to another, with or without change of mode of transport (where transport shall be considered to include the loading and unloading operations); b) storage. 5 Hazards During distribution, a transport package is subjected to a number of
38、 hazards which might cause damage. These hazards are the result of a number of factors, the most important of which are: a) the characteristics of the distribution system, i. e. the carrier, the mode of transport, the geographic area; b) the design of the package, i.e. its dimensions, mass and shape
39、 and the mechanical characteristic of the materials of which it is composed. 6 Tests 6.1 General Laboratory tests on transport packages aim to simulate or represent the distribution hazards. 6.2 Appropriate application of tests The appropriate application of tests requires a) a knowledge of the stre
40、ss arising from these hazards, and b) the capability of reproducing these stresses by a particular test or, alternatively, of producing damage identical to that observed in practice. BS EN ISO 4180:2010ISO 4180:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 36.3 Levels of intensity The levels of intensity sel
41、ected for the tests could depend on the factors in 6.2 and: a) the mass of the package; b) the distance and the geographic location of the destination; c) the degree of assurance that the package should give; d) the nature of the contents and the frequency and value of the consignment. 7 Determinati
42、on of criteria for acceptance The criteria for acceptance of a complete filled transport package might be determined by the reduction of quality of the package and/or its contents, the extent of loss of package contents, the extent of deterioration of the package and/or its contents, or whether the
43、damaged package represents a hazard or potential hazard in subsequent distribution, including storage. In determining the extent of damage that is acceptable the following factors should be considered: a) the unit value of the contents; b) the number of units in the complete, filled transport packag
44、e; c) the number of complete, filled transport packages in the consignment; d) the cost of distribution. In addition it should be considered whether the contents are non-dangerous, or dangerous. Methods of quantifying damage to a package are given in Annex A. 8 Selection of package attitude The pack
45、age attitude selected for use in the test should be the attitude of the package presented by the hazard being simulated by the test. BS EN ISO 4180:2010ISO 4180:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved9 Compilation of test schedules 9.1 Case 1: distribution system well defined and intensity of hazards
46、 determined In this case, the performance test schedule shall be written using the experimental test data acquired in accordance with ISO 4178. Applicable tests shall be chosen depending on the distribution system. Appropriate test sequence and test intensity shall be chosen. The steps of the proced
47、ure are as follows: a) identify the simple elements in the distribution system; b) decide what hazards these elements involve; c) decide which tests are necessary to represent or simulate these hazards (including, for example, decisions concerning appropriate conditioning, package attitude, interpos
48、ed hazards, duration of vibration and number of impacts); d) decide the test sequence; e) decide what are the test intensities associated with the particular package and distribution system combination concerned. 9.2 Case 2: distribution system undefined and intensity of hazards unknown Very often,
49、the package manufacturer does not have a clear knowledge of the distribution system, and the intensities of the hazards are unknown. In this case, this International Standard provides recommended performance test schedules. Choice criteria are the mass and the destination of the package. 10 Case 1 10.1 Preferred test sequence A typical test sequence is: a) conditioning for testing; b) climatic treatment; c) vibration; d) stacking; e) impacts. Other tests may be interposed in the te
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