1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 4516:2002 Incorporating Corrigendum No.1 Metallic and other inorganic coatings Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests The European Standard EN ISO 4516:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.220.40 BS EN ISO 4516:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared un
2、der the direction of the Materials and Chemicals Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 July 2002 BSI 14 August 2002 ISBN 0 580 40060 3 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language versi
3、on of EN ISO 4516:2002. It is identical with ISO 4516:2002. It supersedes BS 5411-6:1981 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/37, Methods of test for metallic and related inorganic coatings including corrosion tests, which has the respo
4、nsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section en
5、titled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compl
6、iance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related
7、 international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 12, the Annex ZA page and a back cover. The BSI copyr
8、ight date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 14035 Corrigendum No. 1 14 August 2002 replaced the EN ISO foreword page and inserted the Annex ZA pageEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO4516
9、 June2002 ICS25.220.40 Englishversion MetallicandotherinorganiccoatingsVickersandKnoop microhardnesstests(ISO4516:2002) Revtementsmtalliquesetautresrevtements inorganiquesEssaisdemicroduretVickersetKnoop (ISO4516:2002) MetallischeundverwandteSchichten MikrohrteprfungennachVickersundKnoop(ISO 4516:20
10、02) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon8June2002. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmay
11、beobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versi
12、ons. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESK
13、OMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2002CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO4516:2002ECORRECTED20020731 Foreword Thisdocument(ISO4516:2002)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC107 “Metallicandotherinorga
14、niccoatings“incollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC 262“Metallicandotherinorganiccoatings“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyBSI. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublication ofanidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyDecember2002,andconflicting nationalstandard
15、sshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyDecember2002. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsof thefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium, CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg,Malta,Nethe
16、rlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,Switzerlandandthe UnitedKingdom. Endorsementnotice ThetextoftheInternationalStandardISO4516:2002hasbeenapprovedbyCENasa EuropeanStandardwithoutanymodifications. NOTENormativereferencestoInternationalStandardsarelistedinannexZA(normative). ENISO4516:2002 Reference
17、number ISO 4516:2002(E) ISO 2002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4516 Second edition 2002-06-15 Metallic and other inorganic coatings Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests Revtements mtalliques et autres revtements inorganiques Essais de microduret Vickers et Knoop ENISO4516:2002ENISO4516:2002iiIS:6154 O2
18、002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Principle1 4 Symbols and designations .2 5 Apparatus.2 6 Factors affecting measurement accuracy.5 7 Measuring procedure9 8 Test report11 Bibliography12 ENISO4516:2002iiiIS:6154 O2002(E) vi I SO 2002
19、All irthgs ersedevr Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a s
20、ubject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
21、IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical comm
22、ittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights.
23、ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 4516 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings, Subcommittee SC 2, Test methods. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4516:1980), which has been
24、 technically revised. ENISO4516:2002ivINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:6154 O2002(E)I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Metallic and other inorganic coatings Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests 1 Scope This International Standard describes the application of the Vickers and Knoop micro-indentation tests for d
25、etermining the microhardness of metallic and other inorganic coatings. This method is applicable where indenter forces generally need to be below 10 N such as for electrodeposited coatings, autocatalytic coatings, sprayed coatings and anodic coatings on aluminium. It is applicable to measurements no
26、rmal to the coated surface as described in 7.4 and to measurements on cross-sections as described in 7.3. NOTE 1 Attention is drawn to ISO 4545, ISO 6507-1, ISO 6507-2 and ISO 6507-3, which describe Knoop and Vickers hardness testing of metallic materials. Other International Standards for instrumen
27、tal indentation testing, the verification of microindentation testing instruments and for the verification of reference blocks to be used with such instruments are currently being developed (e.g. ISO 14577 Parts 1 to 4). NOTE 2 Usually for hardness measurements of coating test forces in the microhar
28、dness range in accordance with ISO 6507-1 are used. However, since the largest possible test force should be selected, test forces of the low force and hardness ranges may also be used. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
29、 constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recen
30、t editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 1463, Metallic and oxide coatings Measurement of coating thicknes
31、s Microscopical method ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials Vickers hardness test Part 1: Test method ISO 9002, Quality systems Model for quality assurance in production, installation and servicing 3 Principle A testing instrument slowly lowers an indenter vertically on to the test surface and holds it th
32、ere for a specified time under a specified load (see 6.2). The tolerance of the applied test force is within 1 % of that specified. An indenter is forced into the coating and the diagonal(s) of the indentation left in the surface after removal of the indenter is measured using a microscope. The inde
33、nter is applied such that the resultant indentation does not contain artefacts of the loading apparatus or procedure but rather is characteristic of the coating. A number, known as the Vickers or Knoop hardness number, is derived from this measurement using the symbols and designations given in clau
34、se 4. ENISO4516:20021IS:6154 O2002(E) 2 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 4 Symbols and designations Vickers and Knoop hardnesses are denoted respectively by the symbols HV and HK preceded by the hardness value and followed by: a) a number representing the test force (force in newtons multiplied by prop
35、ortionality factor 0,102) (see Table 1); b) the application time of test force, in seconds, if different from the time specified in 6.3. EXAMPLE 1 640 HV 0,1: Vickers hardness of 640 determined using a test force of 0,980 7 N applied for between 10 s and 15 s. EXAMPLE 2 640 HK 0,1/20: Knoop hardness
36、 of 640 determined using a test force of 0,980 7 N applied for 20 s. Table 1 Symbols and designations Symbol Measuring unit Designation Vickers Knoop F Force: N Test force: N Test force: N d Diagonal measurement: m Arithmetic mean of the two separately measured diagonals 12 2 dd d + = Length of long
37、er diagonal HV and HK Vickers hardness number = (0,102 F)/A V= 189,1 10 6F/d 2Knoop hardness number = (0,102 F)/A K= 1 451,4 10 6F/d 2A Vmm 2Sloping surface area of indentation (contact area) A Kmm 2Projected area of the indentation t m Coating thickness Coating thickness s Standard deviation () ()
38、2 HV HV 1 s n = Standard deviation () () 2 HK HK 1 s n = N Number of measurements Number of measurements HV and HK HV = HV/n HK = HK/n V % Coefficient of variation 100 HV s V = Coefficient of variation 100 HK s V = 5 Apparatus 5.1 Testing instrument, to perform the task described in clause 3. 5.2 In
39、denters 5.2.1 Form and dimensions ENISO4516:20022IS:6154 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 35.2.1.1 Vickers indenter The indenter consists of a diamond in the form of a right pyramid with a square base (see Figure 1). The angle at the vertex between opposite faces shall be 136 0,5. This angle s
40、hall have been verified with a 2-circle goniometer of appropriate accuracy. The relation between the diagonals d 1and d 2and the depth of the indentation, h, is approximately 7:1. The four faces shall be equally inclined to the axis of the indenter (within 0,5) and shall meet at a point; any line of
41、 junction (offset) between two opposite faces shall not exceed 0,5 m. The usual shape of the point is shown in Figure 2 as it would appear under high magnification. aOffset Figure 1 Vickers indenter aMaximum offset 0,5 m Figure 2 Vickers indenter offset 5.2.1.2 Knoop indenter The indenter consists o
42、f a diamond tipped right pyramid with a rhomboid base (see Figure 3). The angles at the vertex shall be 172,5 0,3 and 130 0,3. These angles shall have been verified with a 2-circle goniometer of appropriate accuracy. The four faces shall be equally inclined to the axis of the indenter (within 0,5) a
43、nd shall meet at a point; any line of junction (offset) between two opposite faces shall not exceed 1,0 m. The usual shape of the point as it would appear under high magnification is shown in Figure 4. The relation between the long diagonal and the depth of the indentation is approximately 30:1. ENI
44、SO4516:20023IS:6154 O2002(E) 4 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr Figure 3 Knoop indenter aOffset bMaximum offset 1,0 m Figure 4 Knoop indenter offset 5.2.2 Surface characteristics The indenter faces shall be smooth and free from cracks or other imperfections or defects. The diamond shall be examined per
45、iodically. Any foreign materials shall be removed. The indenter shall be replaced if it is cracked, chipped or loose in its mounting. NOTE The diamond can be cleaned by pressing it into copper or steel of low hardness, or by means of a suitable solvent not harmful to the equipment. The diamond can b
46、e examined using a scanning electron microscope or an optical microscope ENISO4516:20024IS:6154 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 5with a numerical aperture greater than 0,85. Cracks and other imperfections or defects can sometimes be detected by examining the shape and symmetry of the indentat
47、ion. Additional cleaning techniques may be provided by the manufacturer. 5.3 Hardness reference blocks The test blocks shall be cleaned immediately prior to use because frequently they are coated to prevent corrosion during storage. To verify the hardness testing instrument and the measurement, the
48、measurement shall be compared with blocks, the hardness of which is close to the range of interest. Each block shall be of a material the grain size of which is small compared with the indentation size and shall have a known uniform hardness measured at a particular test force specified by the calibrating authorities or the test
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