BS EN ISO 5667-15-2009 Water quality - Sampling - Guidance on the preservation and handling of sludge and sediment samples《水质 取样 淤泥和沉积物样品的保存和处理指导》.pdf

1、BS EN ISO5667-15:2009ICS 13.060.30; 13.060.45NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDWater quality SamplingPart 15: Guidance on the preservationand handling of sludge and sedimentsamples (ISO 5667-15:2009)This British Standardwas published under theautho

2、rity of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 October2009. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 55615 9Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 5667-15:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO5667-15:2009. It supersedes BS 6068-6.15:1999 w

3、hich is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/3/6, Sampling (of technical committee EH/3 - Waterquality).A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include al

4、l the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 5667-15 August 2009 ICS 13.060.45; 13.060.30 English Version Water quali

5、ty - Sampling - Part 15: Guidance on the preservation and handling of sludge and sediment samples (ISO 5667-15:2009) Qualit de leau - chantillonnage - Partie 15: Lignes directrices pour la conservation et le traitement des chantillons de boues et de sdiments (ISO 5667-15:2009)Wasserbeschaffenheit -

6、Probenahme - Teil 15: Anleitung zur Konservierung und Handhabung von Schlamm- und Sedimentproben (ISO 5667-15:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 July 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Eur

7、opean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (Engl

8、ish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria

9、, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZAT

10、ION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 5667-15:2009: EBS EN ISO 5667-15:2009EN ISO 5667-15:200

11、9 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 5667-15:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147 “Water quality“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 308 “Characterization of sludges”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of

12、a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject

13、 of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulga

14、ria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text

15、of ISO 5667-15:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 5667-15:2009 without any modification. BS EN ISO 5667-15:2009ISO 5667-15:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Reagents 2 5 Preservation of samples

16、 2 5.1 General considerations 2 5.2 Chemical examination 3 5.3 Physical examination . 3 5.4 Radiochemical examination 3 5.5 Biological examination. 4 6 Safety precautions 4 6.1 Staff protection . 4 6.2 Sample protection. 4 7 Containers . 4 8 Sample collection . 5 9 Identification of samples 5 10 Tra

17、nsport of samples . 6 11 Reception of samples. 6 12 Sample storage . 6 Annex A (informative) Container preparation 12 Annex B (informative) Long-term storage of wet sediment samples using nitrogen vapour freezers 14 Bibliography . 16 BS EN ISO 5667-15:2009ISO 5667-15:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights r

18、eservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for wh

19、ich a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all

20、matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are ci

21、rculated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held respo

22、nsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 5667-15 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Sampling (general methods). This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 5667-15:1999), which has been technically revised. ISO 5667

23、consists of the following parts, under the general title Water quality Sampling: Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes and sampling techniques Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water samples Part 4: Guidance on sampling from lakes, natural and man-made Part 5: Guid

24、ance on sampling of drinking water from treatment works and piped distribution systems Part 6: Guidance on sampling of rivers and streams Part 7: Guidance on sampling of water and steam in boiler plants Part 8: Guidance on the sampling of wet deposition Part 9: Guidance on sampling from marine water

25、s Part 10: Guidance on sampling of waste waters Part 11: Guidance on sampling of groundwaters Part 12: Guidance on sampling of bottom sediments Part 13: Guidance on sampling of sludges from sewage and water-treatment works1)1) In preparation. (Revision of ISO 5667-13:1997) BS EN ISO 5667-15:2009ISO

26、5667-15:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved v Part 14: Guidance on quality assurance of environmental water sampling and handling Part 15: Guidance on the preservation and handling of sludge and sediment samples Part 16: Guidance on biotesting of samples Part 17: Guidance on sampling of bulk suspen

27、ded solids Part 19: Guidance on sampling of marine sediments Part 20: Guidance on the use of sampling data for decision making Compliance with thresholds and classification systems Part 21: Guidance on sampling of drinking water distributed by tankers or means other than distribution pipes Part 22:

28、Guidance on the design and installation of groundwater monitoring points Part 23: Determination of priority pollutants in surface water using passive sampling This part of ISO 5667 may be used in conjunction with the other parts available within the ISO 5667 series. BS EN ISO 5667-15:2009BS EN ISO 5

29、667-15:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5667-15:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Water quality Sampling Part 15: Guidance on the preservation and handling of sludge and sediment samples WARNING Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This stan

30、dard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. 1 Scope This part of ISO 5667 provides guidance on

31、 procedures for the preservation, handling and storage of samples of sewage and waterworks sludge, suspended matter, saltwater sediments and freshwater sediments, until chemical, physical, radiochemical and/or biological examination can be undertaken in the laboratory. The procedures in this part of

32、 ISO 5667 are only applicable to wet samples of sludge, sediment and suspended matter. NOTE Samples of sludge, sediment and suspended matter that are dried or freeze-dried behave similarly to dried soils. For guidance on long- and short-term storage of (freeze) dried samples, see ISO 18512. For guid

33、ance on freeze-drying, see ISO 16720. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendment

34、s) applies. ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 sample preservation any procedure used to stabilize a sample in such a way that the properties under exam

35、ination are maintained stable from the collection step until preparation for analysis ISO 11074:2005, 4.4.20 BS EN ISO 5667-15:2009ISO 5667-15:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3.2 sample storage process, and the result, of keeping a sample available under predefined conditions for a (usually) s

36、pecified time interval between collection and further treatment of a sample NOTE Adapted from ISO 11074:2005, 4.4.22. 3.3 storage duration period of time between sample collection and start of the analysis of the sample in the laboratory, for a sample stored under pre-defined conditions 4 Reagents W

37、ARNING Sampling personnel should be warned of potential dangers and appropriate safety procedures should be available. Beware of formaldehyde vapours. Do not store large numbers of samples in small working areas. All reagents used should be of at least analytical reagent grade. 4.1 Deionized water,

38、Grade 3 quality as specified in ISO 3696. 4.2 Sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, monohydrate. Heat the sodium sulfate before use for at least 6 h at (500 10) C. Store in an desiccator after heating. 4.3 Zinc acetate, (CH3COO)2Zn2H2O (10 % mass fraction). 4.4 Methanol, CH3OH. 4.5 Ethanol, C2H5OH (volume fractio

39、n of 96 %). 4.6 Sodium tetraborate (Na2B4O710H2O), sodium phosphate (Na4P2O710H2O) or hexamethylene-tetramine (CH2)6N4. 4.7 Formaldehyde solution, CH2O (volume fraction of 3,7 %). Add 37 % formaldehyde neutralized to pH 7 with sodium tetraborate, sodium phosphate or hexamethylenetetramine (100 g/l f

40、ormalin solution) to give a final solution of 3,7 % formaldehyde (corresponding to a 1 to 10 dilution of formalin solution). NOTE 37 % formaldehyde is 100 % formalin. 5 Preservation of samples 5.1 General considerations Sample handling is specific for each determination to be conducted. Manipulation

41、 of samples is often required to yield consistent material for toxicity testing and laboratory experiments. Homogenization, by mixing or sieving, dilution to obtain a suitable concentration and addition of chemical preservatives all complicate interpretations of in situ comparisons. The purpose of p

42、reservation is to retain the integrity of the collected material as it was on site in relation to the parameters to be analysed. Analytes might biodegrade, volatilize, oxidize, be reduced or photolyse during storage. Therefore, careful consideration should be given to these processes and the storage

43、 conditions needed to avoid such alterations. BS EN ISO 5667-15:2009ISO 5667-15:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3The need to preserve sludge, sediment and suspended matter begins immediately after a sample has been taken. The most critical changes to the sample can occur in the first few hours

44、after sampling. Therefore, where possible, preservation steps should be taken immediately upon sample collection. The choice of preservation technique depends mainly on the objective of the sample collection and the analysis being determined. It is important to understand the effects that preservati

45、on and storage can have on the sample quality and the analysis results. No recommendations can be given for a universal preservation or storage method. A preservation method used for one group of parameters can interfere with the analysis of other groups of parameters. To overcome this problem, a nu

46、mber of sub-samples should be collected; each sub-sample should be preserved using a different method such that the full range of required analyses is represented. 5.2 Chemical examination Chemical analysis can be performed to determine the nature and amounts of the substances that have become absor

47、bed or adsorbed by sludge, sediment and suspended matter. Partition of chemical components between the solid phase and the water phase is influenced by several factors, such as particle size, amount of organic matter, pH, redox potential and salinity. The study of such attributes can be a sampling o

48、bjective. Therefore, the preservation needs for the analytical methods to be employed should be taken into account (see Table 1). The guidance given in this part of ISO 5667 is relevant to the determination of components in the sum of the separate phases of a sludge or sediment, unless otherwise ind

49、icated. Preservation of samples by fast-freezing can cause mobilization of contaminants by cellular disruption, whereas not stabilizing samples can permit continued microbial transformation of critical parameters of interest. In addition to biodegradation of organics, volatilization is a principal mechanism of loss of volatile compounds during sample handling. Microbial activity can be responsible for changes in the nitrate-nitrite-ammonia content, for decrease in biochemical oxygen demand,