1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 10890:2010Paints and varnishes Modelling of biocide releaserate from antifouling paints bymass-balance calculationBS EN ISO 10890:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational foreword
2、This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO10890:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee STI/10, Test methods for paints.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not pu
3、rport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 61291 6ICS 87.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandard
4、s Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10890 October 2010 ICS 87.040 English Version Paints and varnishes - Modelling of biocide release rate from antifouling paints by mass-bal
5、ance calculation (ISO 10890:2010)Peintures et vernis - Modlisation du taux de lixiviation des biocides contenus dans les peintures antisalissures par calcul du bilan massique (ISO 10890:2010) Beschichtungsstoffe - Modell fr die Biozid-Auswaschrate von Antifouling-Beschichtungen durch Berechnung der
6、Mengenbilanz (ISO 10890:2010) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 October 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date
7、 lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation u
8、nder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Franc
9、e, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR
10、NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10890:2010: EBS EN ISO 10890:2010EN ISO 10890:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 10890:2010) has been prep
11、ared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 “Paints and varnishes“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and varnishes” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by
12、endorsement, at the latest by April 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for iden
13、tifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Ger
14、many, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10890:2010 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 10890:2010 w
15、ithout any modification. BS EN ISO 10890:2010ISO 10890:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Principle .1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Calculation and expression of results 2 4.1 Calculation of the estimated total mass of biocide released per uni
16、t area of antifouling paint film over the lifetime of the paint .2 4.2 Calculation of the mean biocide release rate over the lifetime of the paint4 4.3 Calculation of the 14-day cumulative biocide release.5 5 Test report5 Bibliography7 BS EN ISO 10890:2010ISO 10890:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights res
17、ervedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for whic
18、h a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all ma
19、tters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circ
20、ulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held respons
21、ible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10890 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test methods for paints and varnishes. BS EN ISO 10890:2010ISO 10890:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction The actual release rat
22、e of biocides from antifouling paints on ships hulls into the environment will depend on many factors, such as ship operating schedules, length of service, berthing conditions, paint condition, as well as the temperature, salinity, pH, pollutants and biological community in a particular area. Howeve
23、r, based on knowledge of the composition of the paint and its specified lifetime and application thickness, an estimate of the mean biocide release rate from an antifouling paint over its specified lifetime can be obtained by the mass-balance calculation method described in this International Standa
24、rd. The calculation also allows an estimate to be obtained of the cumulative mass of biocide released over the first 14 days, and also the total mass of biocide released over the specified lifetime. This method is intended to provide estimates of the amount of biocide released into the environment t
25、hat are more suitable for use in environmental risk assessments than the results of laboratory-based test methods, such as ISO 15181 (all parts)1, ASTM D64422and ASTM D69033. Biocide release rate data is a key input to the environmental risk assessment process for antifouling products, and so it is
26、vital that the estimated biocide release rate that is used be both accurate and representative of the release rate to the environment in the relevant scenario and risk assessment case. In comparison with in situ biocide release rate values obtained by either direct or indirect measurements of the or
27、ganotin and copper release rate from ships hulls and from measurements made on panels exposed in harbours, all available data indicate that the results obtained using this calculation method overestimate the release rates of biocides under environmentally relevant in-service conditions. Published re
28、sults demonstrate that the results of this calculation method are generally higher than direct in situ measurements of copper release rate from the hulls of harboured ships by a factor of about 4 or more for several commercial antifouling coatings4. A similar relationship is expected to be found for
29、 other biocides. Where the results of this calculation method are used in the process of generating environmental risk assessments, producing environmental loading estimates or for regulatory purposes, it is most strongly recommended that the relationship between calculated release rates and actual
30、environmental inputs be taken into account to allow the most accurate and representative estimate of the biocide release rate from antifouling coatings under real-life conditions to be obtained. This can be accomplished through the application of appropriate correction factors4. BS EN ISO 10890:2010
31、BS EN ISO 10890:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10890:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Paints and varnishes Modelling of biocide release rate from antifouling paints by mass-balance calculation 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for estimating the mean release rate of biocide
32、 from an antifouling paint over its entire lifetime (in-service period) using a mass-balance calculation. If required, the cumulative total release of biocide over the first 14 days of the specified paint lifetime can also be calculated. This International Standard is applicable to any antifouling p
33、aint that releases a biocide. Where an antifouling paint releases, or is assumed to release, more than one biocide, the calculation can be repeated to allow estimates of the release rate of each biocide to be obtained. The calculated estimate of the total amount of biocide released by the coating ov
34、er its lifetime can be considered as a worst case for the maximum amount released to the environment, and so the calculated mean release rate value should also be considered as the maximum possible mean release rate over the lifetime of the paint. The calculated estimates are suitable for use in gen
35、eral environmental risk assessments, and the application of appropriate correction factors will allow the most accurate and representative environmental risk assessment to be made in the relevant scenario and risk assessment case4. There are no minimum or maximum limiting values of release rate whic
36、h restrict the use of this method. This International Standard is primarily directed towards the release of biocide from antifouling paints that have been applied to ship and boat hulls. It can, however, also be used for estimating biocide release from antifouling paints that have been applied to ot
37、her objects. 2 Principle The method is a generic empirical model of biocide release which is based on the underlying fact that the total amount of biocide released by an antifouling paint cannot exceed the amount of biocide which was originally present when the paint was manufactured and applied. In
38、 summary, the estimated mean biocide release rate over the lifetime of the paint is obtained by dividing the estimated mass of biocide that is released per unit area of painted surface by the lifetime of the paint. The estimated total mass of biocide that is released per unit area is derived from th
39、e percentage by mass of biocidal ingredient in the paint formulation, the mass fraction of the biocide in the biocidal ingredient, the percentage volume solids of the paint as manufactured, the density of the paint as manufactured, the dry-film thickness of paint applied and the estimated percentage
40、 of biocide that is released from the paint over its specified lifetime. It is normally assumed that 90 % of the biocide is released over the lifetime of the paint. A dataset of experimentally determined release rates for a range of biocides and antifouling paint types, measured using ISO 15181 (all
41、 parts)1, ASTM D51085, ASTM D64422and ASTM D69033, shows that the biocide release rate typically changes over the immersion period. Generally, the biocide release rate is highest in the period immediately following immersion of the paint film. An estimated value of the cumulative biocide release ove
42、r the first 14 days can be obtained by applying an appropriate multiplier to the estimated mean biocide release rate over the lifetime of the paint. Based on this typical behaviour, the default value of this multiplier is 30. BS EN ISO 10890:2010ISO 10890:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reservedNOTE T
43、he calculation of the mean biocide release rate over the lifetime of the paint is independent of whether the release rate remains constant, falls, rises or varies in any regular or irregular way over the specified lifetime, including short-term changes in the release rate that arise in service for a
44、 vessel from alternating periods in motion and at rest. The calculated estimated release rate values are therefore most suited for use in environmental risk assessments where the modelled environmental scenario accounts for the presence of multiple vessels at different points in their service life.
45、3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 biocide biocidally active chemical element, compound or species derived from a biocidal ingredient and released from an antifouling paint NOTE Also known as “active substance”. 3.2 biocidal ingr
46、edient substance in its supplied or manufactured state, including additives, impurities, by-products generated during production and degradation products generated after production, used in an antifouling paint to exert a controlling effect on harmful organisms by chemical or biological means 3.3 dr
47、y-film thickness representative value of the mean thickness, after drying or curing, of an antifouling paint that is specified for application to a vessel or other object to provide antifouling protection for the lifetime of the paint 3.4 lifetime of the paint representative value of the specified i
48、n-service period between planned painting and re-painting operations for a vessel or other object that is coated with the antifouling paint in question 4 Calculation and expression of results 4.1 Calculation of the estimated total mass of biocide released per unit area of antifouling paint film over
49、 the lifetime of the paint Calculate the estimated total mass of biocide released per unit area of paint film over the lifetime of the paint, mrel, in micrograms per square centimetre (gcm2), using Equation (1): aarelDFTNVVLawm = (1) where Lais the percentage of biocide that is released from the paint film during the lifetime of the paint; a is the mass fraction of biocide in the biocidal ingredient; wais the content of biocidal ingredient in the paint formulation as manufactured, in % by mass; is the density of the paint as m
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