BS EN ISO 11904-2-2004 Acoustics - Determination of sound immission from sound sources placed close to the ear - Technique using a manikin《声学 测定近耳声源的声发射 利用人体模型的技术》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 11904-2:2004 Acoustics Determination of sound immission from sound sources placed close to the ear Part 2: Technique using a manikin The European Standard EN ISO 11904-2:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 17.140.01 BS EN ISO 11904-2:2004 This British Standard wa

2、s published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 18 November 2004 BSI 18 November 2004 ISBN 0 580 44802 9 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 11904-2:2004. It is identical with ISO 11904-2:2004. The UK participat

3、ion in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics, to Subcommittee EH/1/1, Hearing, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement

4、international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not

5、 purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European com

6、mittee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN

7、 ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUR

8、OPISCHENORM ENISO119042 November2004 ICS17.140.01 Englishversion AcousticsDeterminationofsoundimmissionfromsound sourcesplacedclosetotheearPart2:Techniqueusinga manikin(ISO119042:2004) AcoustiqueDterminationdelexpositionsonoresdue dessourcesplacesproximitdeloreillePartie2: Techniqueutilisantunmanneq

9、uin(ISO119042:2004) AkustikBestimmungderSchallimmissionvonohrnahen SchallquellenTeil2:VerfahrenunterVerwendungeines KopfundRumpfsimulators(ISO119042:2004) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon14October2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsfo

10、rgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversion

11、inanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Ice

12、land,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN All

13、rightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO119042:2004:E I NESO 11-409:2002( 4E) 2 Foreword This document (EN ISO 11904-2:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43 “Acoustics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 211 “Aco

14、ustics“, the secretariat of which is held by DS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005. Accordin

15、g to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

16、 Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 11904-2:2004 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 11904-2:2004 without any modifications. ENISO119042:2004 Reference number ISO 11904-2:2004(

17、E) OSI 4002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11904-2 First edition 2004-11-01 Acoustics Determination of sound immission from sound sources placed close to the ear Part 2: Technique using a manikin Acoustique Dtermination de lexposition sonore due des sources places proximit de loreille Partie 2: Technique

18、 utilisant un mannequin ENISO119042:2004IS-40911 O2:(4002E) DPlcsid Fremia ihTs PDF file may ctnoian emdebt dedyfepcaes. In ccaocnadrw eith Aebods licensilop gnic,y this file mairp eb ynted iv roweb detu slahl ton ide ebtlnu deess the typefaces whice era hml era deddebicsnede to i dnanstlaled t noeh

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22、tI rehSa Ot tsserdda eh ebolw or ISOs memreb i ydobn the cnuotrfo y ttseuqer ehe.r ISO cirypothg fofice saCe tsopale 65 eneG 1121-HC 02 av leT. 4 + 10 947 22 1 11 xaF0 947 22 14 + 9 74 E-mail coirypthgiso.o gr We bwww.is.o gro Pulbisdehi n Switlrez dnaii ISO 4002 Allr ithgsr esedevrENISO119042:2004I

23、S-40911 O2:(4002E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Measurement principle. 3 5 Instrumentation. 3 5.1 Manikin (head and torso simulator) 3 5.2 Check of calibration 3 5.3 Filters 4 6 Determinatio

24、n of free-field or diffuse-field related equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level 4 6.1 Measurement of manikin sound pressure level.4 6.2 Conversion to free-field or diffuse-field related sound pressure level . 4 6.3 A-weighting and summation 6 7 Test report. 6 Annex A (informative) Exa

25、mple of sources of measurement uncertainty 7 Annex B (informative) Example of an uncertainty analysis . 14 Bibliography . 16 ENISO119042:2004IS-40911 O2:(4002E) iv I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national sta

26、ndards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International or

27、ganizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules give

28、n in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 7

29、5 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11904-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, A

30、coustics. ISO 11904 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics Determination of sound immission from sound sources placed close to the ear: Part 1: Technique using a microphone in a real ear (MIRE technique) Part 2: Technique using a manikin ENISO119042:2004IS-40911 O2:(4002E

31、) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr vIntroduction ISO 11904 is a series of standards which specify methods for the determination of sound immissions from sources located close to the ear in which situations the sound pressure level measured at the position of the exposed person (but with the person abse

32、nt) does not adequately represent the sound exposure. In order to make it possible to assess the exposure by means of well-established criteria, the exposure of the ear is measured and subsequently converted into a corresponding free-field or diffuse-field level. The result is given as a free-field

33、related or diffuse-field related equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level, L FF,H,Aeqor L DF,H,Aeqwhen ISO 11904-1 is used, or L FF,M,Aeqor L DF,M,Aeqwhen ISO 11904-2 is used. ISO 11904-1 describes measurements carried out using miniature or probe microphones inserted in the ears of hum

34、an subjects (microphones in real ear, MIRE technique). ISO 11904-2 describes measurements carried out using a manikin equipped with ear simulators including microphones (manikin technique). ISO 11904 may, for instance, be applied to equipment tests and the determination of noise exposure at the work

35、place where, in the case of exposure from sources close to the ears, the sound pressure level measured at the position of the exposed person (but with the person absent) does not adequately represent the sound exposure. Examples of applications are head- and earphones used to reproduce music or spee

36、ch, whether at the workplace or during leisure, nailguns used close to the head, and combined exposure from a close-to-ear sound source and an external sound field. When specific types of equipment are to be tested (e.g. portable cassette players or hearing protectors provided with radio receivers),

37、 test signals suitable for this particular type of equipment have to be used. Neither such test signals nor the operating conditions of the equipment are included in ISO 11904 but might be specified in other standards. When workplace situations are measured, the various noise sources contributing to

38、 the immission should be identified. Operating conditions for machinery and equipment used might be specified in other standards. Both parts of ISO 11904 strive for the same result: a mean value for a population of the free-field or the diffuse-field related level. ISO 11904-1 does this by specifyin

39、g the mean of measurements on a number of human subjects; ISO 11904-2 does this by using a manikin, which aims at reproducing the acoustical effects on an average human adult. However, the two methods yield different measurement uncertainties which can influence the choice of method. Only the method

40、 described in ISO 11904-1 gives results which indicate the variance in a human population. Information on the uncertainties is given in Annexes A and B. When using the MIRE technique for measurement of sound from earphones of insert and stethoscopic types, practical problems can occur with the posit

41、ioning of microphones in the ear canal. When using the manikin technique, the head- or earphone has to be coupled to the pinna simulator and ear canal extension as far as possible in the way it is coupled to the human ear. In cases where head- or earphones or other objects touch the pinna, a possibl

42、e deviation in stiffness or shape of the artificial pinna from human pinnae has a significant impact on the result and can even make the results invalid. An overview of the differences between the two parts of ISO 11904 is given in Table 0.1. ENISO119042:2004IS-40911 O2:(4002E) vi I SO 4002 All irth

43、gs ersedevrTable 0.1 Overview of differences between MIRE and manikin techniques Parameter ISO 11904-1 ISO 11904-2 Type of method Microphone in real ear technique Manikin technique Limitation of the method With earphones of insert and stethoscopic type, practical problems can occur with positioning

44、of microphones in the ear canal. Proper coupling may not always be obtained if the artificial pinna deviates from human pinnae in stiffness or shape. In some cases the exposed person cannot be replaced by a manikin, e.g., if the person has to operate equipment. Main issues affecting accuracy Number

45、of subjects When tabulated values are used for L FF,Hor L DF,H : calibration of ear canal microphone accuracy in positioning of microphones in the ear canal When individual values are used for L FF,Hor L DF,H : quality of reference sound field stability of sensitivity and frequency response as well

46、as position of ear canal microphone Similarity of manikin to humans Calibration of manikin Frequency range 20 Hz to 16 kHz 20 Hz to 10 kHz ENISO119042:2004INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS-40911 O2:(4002E)I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Acoustics Determination of sound immission from sound sources placed clo

47、se to the ear Part 2: Technique using a manikin 1 Scope This part of ISO 11904 specifies basic framework measurement methods for sound immission from sound sources placed close to the ear. These measurements are carried out with a manikin, equipped with ear simulators including microphones. The meas

48、ured values are subsequently converted into corresponding free- field or diffuse-field levels. The results are given as free-field related or diffuse-field related equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure levels. The technique is denoted the manikin technique. This part of ISO 11904 is applicable to exposure to sound from sources close to the ear, for example during equipment tests or at the workplace to sound from earphones or hearing pr