1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 12625-16:2015Tissue paper and tissueproductsPart 16: Determination of optical properties Opacity (paper backing) Diffusereflectance method (ISO 12625-16:2015)BS EN ISO 12625-16:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of
2、EN ISO12625-16:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PAI/11, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the nec
3、essaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 83153 9ICS 85.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was pu
4、blished under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 12625-16 February 2015 ICS 85.060 English Version Tissue paper and tissue products - Part 16: De
5、termination of optical properties - Opacity (paper backing) - Diffuse reflectance method (ISO 12625-16:2015) Papier tissue et produits tissue - Partie 16: Dtermination des proprits optiques - Opacit sur fond papier - Mthode par rflexion en lumire diffuse (ISO 12625-16:2015) Tissue-Papier und Tissue-
6、Produkte - Teil 16: Bestimmung der optischen Eigenschaften - Opazitt ber Papierstapel - Diffuser Reflexionsfaktor (ISO 12625-16:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 January 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions
7、 for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in t
8、hree official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards
9、bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia
10、, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved wor
11、ldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 12625-16:2015 EBS EN ISO 12625-16:2015EN ISO 12625-16:2015 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 12625-16:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6 “Paper, board and pulps” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 172 “Pulp, paper
12、 and board” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2015
13、. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizati
14、ons of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta
15、, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 12625-16:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12625-16:2015 without any modification. BS EN ISO 12625-16:2015ISO 12625-16:2015(E)Cont
16、ents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 25 Apparatus . 25.1 Reflectometer . 25.2 Reference standards . 35.3 Working standards 35.4 Black cavity 36 Sampling 37 Conditioning 38 Preparation of test pieces . 49 Procedure. 410 Calculatio
17、n 511 Test report . 5Annex A (normative) Spectral characteristics of reflectometers for measuring luminous factor . 6Annex B (informative) Precision . 8Bibliography .10 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiBS EN ISO 12625-16:2015ISO 12625-16:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standard
18、ization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to
19、be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used
20、to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of
21、the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified
22、during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the
23、 meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationISO 12625-16 was prepared by European Committee for S
24、tandardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 172 Pulp, paper and board, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Paper, board and pulps, Subcommittee SC 2, Test methods for quality specifications for paper and board, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO
25、 and CEN (Vienna Agreement).ISO 12625 consists of the following parts, under the general title Tissue paper and tissue products: Part 1: General guidance on terms Part 3: Determination of thickness, bulking thickness and apparent bulk density and bulk Part 4: Determination of tensile strength, stret
26、ch at break and tensile energy absorption Part 5: Determination of wet tensile strength Part 6: Determination of grammage Part 7: Determination of optical properties Measurement of brightness and colour with D65/10 (outdoor daylight) Part 8: Water-absorption time and water-absorption capacity, baske
27、t-immersion test method Part 9: Determination of ball burst strength Part 11: Determination of wet ball burst strength Part 12: Determination of tensile strength of perforated lines Calculation of perforation efficiency Part 15: Determination of optical properties Measurement of brightness and colou
28、r with C/2 (indoor daylight) Part 16: Determination of optical properties Opacity (paper backing) Diffuse reflectance methodiv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 12625-16:2015ISO 12625-16:2015(E)IntroductionOptical measurements are affected by the geometry of the instruments used and by the textu
29、re of the material. The design of the instrument to be used according to this part of ISO 12625, and the routine to be adopted for its calibration are specified in ISO 2469.The optical properties are related to the visual appearance of the material. Although optical properties are intrinsic properti
30、es of tissue paper, they are not functional properties.The opacity value depends on the principle used for its evaluation, and a method is to be chosen which most closely relates to the interpretation to be placed upon the results. The method described in this part of ISO 12625 is applicable when it
31、 is desired to measure that property of a tissue paper or tissue product which governs the extent to which one sheet visually obscures print on underlying sheets. It is not be confused with methods based on the reduction in a standard contrast by interposition of the paper opacity (white backing), f
32、ormerly known as contrast ratio, nor with the assessment of the amount and condition of light penetrating a sheet (transparency or translucency).The calculation of opacity requires luminance-factor data obtained by measurement under specified conditions. The luminance factor depends on the condition
33、s of measurement, and particularly on the spectral and geometric characteristics of the instrument used for its determination. This part of ISO 12625 is to be read in conjunction with ISO 2469. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 12625-16:2015BS EN ISO 12625-16:2015Tissue paper and tissue produc
34、ts Part 16: Determination of optical properties Opacity (paper backing) Diffuse reflectance method1 ScopeThis part of ISO 12625 specifies the testing procedures for the instrumental determination of the opacity of tissue paper or tissue products by diffuse reflectance using a paper backing.This part
35、 of ISO 12625 contains specific instructions for the preparation of test pieces of single-ply and multi-ply products, where special preparation/procedures might be necessary.It can be used to determine the opacity of tissue paper and tissue products containing fluorescent whitening agents, provided
36、the UV content of the radiation incident on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C using a fluorescent reference standard provided by an authorized laboratory as described in ISO 2470-1.This part of ISO 12625 is not applicable to coloured tissue paper and tissue
37、products which incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest
38、edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 186, Paper and board Sampling to determine average qualityISO 187, Paper, board and pulps Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samplesISO 2469, Paper,
39、 board and pulps Measurement of diffuse radiance factorISO 2470-1, Paper, board and pulps Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance factor Part 1: Indoor daylight conditions (ISO brightness)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1reflectan
40、ce factorRratio of the radiation reflected by a surface element of a body in the direction delimited by a given cone with its apex at the surface element to that reflected by the perfect reflecting diffuser under the same conditions of irradiationNote 1 to entry: The ratio is often expressed as a pe
41、rcentage.Note 2 to entry: The reflectance factor is influenced by the backing if the body is translucent.SOURCE: ISO 2471:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12625-16:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 12625-16:2015ISO 12625-16:2015(E)3.2luminance factor (C)luminous reflectance factorY(C/2nu
42、ll- valueRyreflectance factor or radiance factor defined with reference to the CIE illuminant C and the visual efficiency function V()Note 1 to entry: The visual efficiency function describes the sensitivity of the eye to light, so that the luminance factor (C) corresponds to the attribute of visual
43、 perception of the reflecting surface.Note 2 to entry: For computational purposes, the function is identical with the CIE 1931 colour-matching function y .Note 3 to entry: The luminance factor (C) is also known as the Y(C/2)-value. In previous editions of this International Standard, it was referred
44、 to as the luminous reflectance factor.SOURCE: ISO 2471:20083.3single-sheet luminance factor (C)R0luminance factor (C) of a single sheet of paper with a black cavity as backingSOURCE: ISO 2471:20083.4intrinsic luminance factor (C)Rluminance factor (C) of a layer or pad of material thick enough to be
45、 opaque, i.e. such that increasing the thickness of the pad by doubling the number of sheets results in no change in the measured reflectance factorSOURCE: ISO 2471:20083.5opacity (paper backing)ratio of the single-sheet luminance factor (C), R0, to the intrinsic luminance factor (C), R, of the same
46、 sampleNote 1 to entry: Opacity is expressed as a percentage.SOURCE: ISO 2471:20084 PrincipleThe luminance factor of a single sheet of the tissue paper or tissue product over a black cavity and the intrinsic luminance factor of the tissue paper or tissue product are determined. The opacity is calcul
47、ated as the ratio of these two luminance factor values.5 Apparatus5.1 Reflectometer5.1.1 Reflectometer, having the geometric, spectral and photometric characteristics described in ISO 2469, calibrated in accordance with the provisions of ISO 2469 and equipped for the measurement of luminance factor
48、(C).The materials to be measured can contain fluorescent whitening agents. The reflectometer shall therefore be equipped with a radiation source adjusted to correspond to the CIE illuminant C. This should be achieved through the use of a fluorescent reference standard (5.2.2) as described in ISO 247
49、0-1.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 12625-16:2015ISO 12625-16:2015(E)5.1.2 In the case of a filter reflectometer, a filter that, in conjunction with the optical characteristics of the basic instrument, gives an overall response equivalent to the CIE tristimulus value Y of the CIE 1931 standard colourimetric system of the test piece evaluated for the CIE illuminant C.5.1.3 In the case of an abridged spectrophotometer, a function that permits calculation of the CIE tristimulus value Y of the CI
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