1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 13468-1:1997 BS 2782-5: Method 532A: 1997 Plastics Determination of the total luminous transmittance of transparent materials Part 1: Single-beam instrument The European Standard EN ISO 13468-1:1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 83.080.01BS EN ISO 13468-1:1997 T
2、his British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Sector Board for Chemicals and Materials, was published under the authority ofthe Standards Board and comesinto effect on 15 January 1997 BSI 11-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee refer
3、ence PRI/21 Draft for comment 94/340653 DC ISBN 0 580 26397 5 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/21, Testing of plastics, upon which the following bodies were represented: The British Apparel and Textile
4、Confederation British Plastics Federation Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of Trade and Industry (National Physical Laboratory) Electrical and Electronic Insulation Association (BEAMA Ltd.) GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Institute of Materials Ministry of Defence Pack
5、aging and Industrial Films Association PIRA International RAPRA Technology Ltd. Royal Society of Chemistry Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS EN ISO 13468-1:1997 BSI 11-1998 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 1 Scope 3
6、2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Apparatus 3 5 Test specimens 5 6 Conditioning 5 7 Procedure 5 8 Expression of results 5 9 Precision 5 10 Test report 5 Annex A (informative) Use of a compensation port to increase the efficiency of an integrating sphere 7 Figure 1 Schematic arrangements of
7、the apparatus 4 Figure A.1 Determination of F 1and F 2for the integrating sphere 8 Table 1 Measurements 6 Table 2 Interlaboratory trials data 6 List of references Inside back coverBS EN ISO 13468-1:1997 ii BSI 11-1998 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee P
8、RI/21 and is the English language version of EN ISO 13468-1:1996 Plastics Determination of total luminous transmittance of transparent materials Part 1: Single-beam instrument. It is identical with ISO 13468-1:1996 published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This standard
9、is also designated BS 2782-5:Method 532A. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
10、 Cross-references Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard ISO 7724-2:1984 BS 3900 Methods of test for paints Group D. Optical tests on paint films Part D9:1986 Determination of colour and colour difference: measurement BS ISO 5725 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement metho
11、ds and results ISO 5725-1:1994 BS ISO 5725-1:1994 General principles and definitions ISO 5725-2:1994 BS ISO 5725-2:1994 Basic methods for the determination of a repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method ISO 5725-3:1994 BS ISO 5725-3:1994 Basic methods for the determination o
12、f the trueness of a standard measurement method Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theEN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorp
13、orated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 13468-1 August 1996 ICS 83.080 Descriptors: Plastics, transparent plastics, tests, optical tests, determination, transmittance, photometric method English version P
14、lastics Determination of total luminous transmittance of transparent materials Part 1: Single-beam instrument (ISO 13468-1:1996) Plastiques Dtermination du facteur de transmission du flux lumineux total des matriaux transparents Partie 1: Instrument faisceau unique (ISO 13468-1:1996) Kunststoffe Bes
15、timmung des totalen Lichttransmissionsgrades von transparenten Materialien Teil 1: Einstrahlinstrument (ISO 13468-1:1996) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1996-06-09. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
16、 European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (En
17、glish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
18、 Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-10
19、50 Brussels 1996 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN ISO 13468-1:1996 EEN ISO 13468-1:1996 2 BSI 11-1998 Foreword The text of the International Standard ISO 13468-1:1996 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249, Plas
20、tics, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. ISO 13468 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Determination of the total luminous transmittance of the transparent materials Part 1: Single-beam instrument; Part 2: Double-beam instrument. This European Standard shall be gi
21、ven the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 1997, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 1997. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organiz
22、ations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.EN ISO 13468-1:1996 BSI 11-1998 3 1 Scop
23、e This part of ISO 13468 covers the determination of the total luminous transmittance, in the visible region of the spectrum, of planar transparent and substantially colourless plastics, using a single-beam photometer with a specified CIE standard light source and photodetector. This part of ISO 134
24、68 cannot be used for plastics which contain fluorescent materials. This part of ISO 13468 is applicable to transparent moulding materials, films and sheets not exceeding10 mm in thickness. NOTE 1Total luminous transmittance can also be determined by a double-beam spectrophotometer as in part 2 of t
25、he standard. Part 1, however, provides a simple but precise, practical and quick determination. This method is suitable for use not only for analytical purposes but also for quality control. NOTE 2Substantially colourless plastics include those which are faintly tinted. NOTE 3Specimens more than 10
26、mm thick may be measured provided the instrument can accommodate them, but the results may not be comparable with those obtained using specimens less than 10 mm thick. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of th
27、is part of ISO 13468. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 13468 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. M
28、embers of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 291:1977, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. ISO 5725-1:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part1:General principles and definitions. ISO 5725-2:19
29、94, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method. ISO 5725-3:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part3:Intermediate measures
30、 of the precision of a standard measurement method. ISO 7724-2:1984, Paints and varnishes Colorimetry Part 2: Colour measurement. ISO/CIE 10526:1991, CIE standard colorimetric illuminants. ISO/CIE 10527:1991, CIE standard colorimetric observers. CIE Publication No. 17.4:1987, CIE International light
31、ing vocabulary also published as IEC50(845):1987, International electrotechnical vocabulary Chapter 845: Lighting. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 13468, the definitions given in CIE Publication No. 17.4 for transparent medium, transmittance, regular transmittance and luminous flu
32、x apply, together with the following: 3.1 transparent plastics plastics in which the transmission of light is essentially regular and which have a high transmittance in the visible region of the spectrum NOTE 4Provided their geometrical shape is suitable, objects will be seen distinctly through plas
33、tic which is transparent in the visible region. 3.2 total luminous transmittance the ratio of the transmitted luminous flux to the incident luminous flux when a parallel beam of light passes through a specimen 4 Apparatus 4.1 The apparatus shall consist of a stabilized light source, an associated op
34、tical system, an integrating sphere fitted with ports, and a photometer. Ingress of external light into the integrating sphere shall be prevented. A schematic arrangement of the apparatus is shown in Figure 1. 4.2 The light source and/or photodetector shall be fitted with filters so that the output
35、of the combined system corresponds to the CIE standard colorimetric observer as specified in ISO/CIE 10527 and CIE standard illuminant D 65as specified in ISO/CIE 10526. The output of the photodectector shall be proportional, to within 1 %, to the incident flux over the flux range used. The spectrop
36、hotometric characteristics of the light source and the photodetector shall be kept constant during measurements on specimens. The measurement conditions shall be such that the specimen temperature does not increase while measurements are made. 4.3 The light source shall be combined with an optical s
37、ystem to produce a parallel beam of light; the angle which any ray of this beam makes with the axis of the beam shall not exceed 0,087 rad (5). The beam shall not be vignetted at either port of the sphere. The diameter of the beam shall be 0,5 to 0,8 times the diameter of the entrance port of the in
38、tegrating sphere.EN ISO 13468-1:1996 4 BSI 11-1998 4.4 Using this instrument, the repeatability standard deviation shall be 0,2 % or less. The within-laboratory reproducibility over long time intervals shall not exceed the repeatability by a factor of more than 3. 4.5 The design of the instrument sh
39、all be such that it reads zero when the incident flux is zero. 4.6 The integrating sphere used to collect the transmitted flux may be of any diameter as long as the total port area does not exceed 3,0 % of the internal area of the sphere. NOTE 5It is recommended that the diameter of the integrating
40、sphere is not less than 150 mm so that specimens of a reasonable size can be used. NOTE 6When the diameter of the integrating sphere is150mm and the diameters of the entrance, compensation and photodetector ports are 30 mm, the ratio of the total port area to the internal area of the sphere is 3,0 %
41、. 4.7 The entrance and compensation ports of the integrating sphere shall be circular and of the same size. The entrance port, compensation port and photodetector port shall not lie on a great circle of the sphere. 4.8 The photodetector shall be fitted with baffles to prevent light falling on it dir
42、ectly from the specimen. 4.9 The surfaces of the interior of the integrating sphere and the baffles shall be of substantially equal luminous reflectance which, determined in accordance with ISO 7724-2, shall be 90 % or more and shall not vary by more than 3 %. When direct measurement of the reflecta
43、nce of the internal surface of an integrating sphere is difficult, the measurement may be carried out instead on a surface prepared from the same material in the same way as the internal surface. 4.10 The light trap shall absorb 95 % or more of the light incident on it. 4.11 The specimen holder shal
44、l be such as to hold the specimen rigidly in a plane normal 2 to the light beam and as closely as possible to the integrating sphere to ensure that all the light which passes through the specimen, including scattered light, is collected. The holder shall be designed so that it keeps flexible specime
45、ns, such as film, flat. NOTE 7It is recommended that thin, flexible film is clamped round the edge in a double-ring-type holder or double-sided adhesive tape is used to stick it to the edge of the holder. The latter method is used for thicker specimens, which cannot be mounted in the double-ring-typ
46、e holder. Figure 1 Schematic arrangement of the apparatus EN ISO 13468-1:1996 BSI 11-1998 5 5 Test specimens 5.1 Specimens shall be cut from film, sheet or injection-moulded or compression-moulded mouldings. 5.2 Specimens shall be free of defects, dust, grease, adhesive from protecting materials, sc
47、ratches and blemishes, and shall be free from visibly distinct internal voids and particles. 5.3 Specimens shall be large enough to cover the entrance port and the compensation port of the integrating sphere. NOTE 8For a 150 mm diameter sphere, a disc of 50 mm or60mm in diameter or a square with a s
48、ide of the same length is recommended. 5.4 Three specimens shall be taken from each sample of a given material unless otherwise specified. 6 Conditioning 6.1 Prior to the test, condition the specimens in accordance with ISO 291, at 23 C 2 C and(50 5)% relative humidity, for a length of time dependen
49、t on the specimen thickness and material such that the specimens reach thermal equilibrium. NOTE 916 h is usually sufficient for specimens less than0,025mm thick. For thicker material, more than 40 h is recommended. 6.2 Set up the test apparatus in an atmosphere maintained at 23 C 2 C and (50 5) % relative humidity. 7 Procedure 7.1 Allow the apparatus sufficient time to reach thermal equilibrium before making any measurements. 7.2 Make the two readings described in Table 1. The specimen shall be mounte
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