1、BSISO14798:2009ICS91.140.90NOCOPYINGWITHOUTBSIPERMISSIONEXCEPTASPERMITTEDBYCOPYRIGHTLAWBRITISHSTANDARDLifts(elevators),escalatorsandmovingwalksRiskassessmentandreductionmethodologyBS EN ISO 14798:2013Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for Resal
2、eNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 14798:2013ISBN 978 0 580 74893 6Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments31 May 2013 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 14798:2009 as BS EN ISO 14798:2013This British Standard was published under the aut
3、hority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2009 The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 14798:2013. It is identical to ISO 14798:2009. It supersedes BS ISO 14798:20
4、09, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee MHE/4, Lifts, hoists and escalators.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary pro
5、visions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted witho
6、ut license from IHS-,-,-EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14798 January 2013 ICS 91.140.90 English Version Lifts (elevators), escalators and moving walks - Risk assessmentand reduction methodology (ISO 14798:2009) Ascenseurs, escaliers mcaniques et trottoirs roulants - Mthodol
7、ogie de lapprciation et de la rduction du risque (ISO 14798:2009) Aufzge, Fahrtreppen und Fahrsteige - Verfahren zur Risikobeurteilung und -minderung (ISO 14798:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 November 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulat
8、ions which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
9、 This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN
10、members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Po
11、rtugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by
12、 any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14798:2013: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 14798:2013EN ISO 14798:2013(E)EN IS
13、O 14798:2013 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 14798:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 178 “Lifts, escalators and moving walks” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 14798:2013 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts, escalators
14、 and moving walks” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July
15、 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organ
16、isations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
17、Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14798:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 14798:2013 without any modification. Copyright European Committee for Standardizati
18、on Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14798:2009ISO 14798:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction.v1Scope12Terms and definitions.13General principles.33.1 Concept of safe
19、ty 33.2 Concept of risk assessment.34Risk analysis procedure.54.1 Step 1 Determination of the reason for conducting a risk assessment54.2 Step 2 Formation of a risk assessment team 54.3 Step 3 Determination of the subject of risk assessment and related factors 64.4 Step 4 Identification of scenarios
20、: hazardous situations, causes and effects.84.5 Step 5 Ris k estimation95Step 6 Ris k evaluation156Step 7 Ha s the risk beensufficiently mitigated?.157Step 8 Reduc tion of risk Protective measures168Documentation 17Annex A (normative) Risk assessment template.18Annex B (informative) Quick references
21、 to hazards(Table B.1), hazardous situations (Table B.2), causes (Table B.3), effects (Table B.4) and harm (Table B.5).20Annex C (normative) Estimation of risk elements Severity (Table C.1) and probability(Table C.2)25Annex D (normative) Risk estimation and evaluation.26Annex E (informative) Role of
22、 the team moderator.28Annex F (informative) Examples of a risk assessment and protective measures.32Bibliography38BS EN ISO 14798:2013ISO 14798:2009(E)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without
23、license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14798:2009ISO 14798:2009(E)iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out th
24、rough ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has beenestablished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collabo
25、rates closelywith the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standar
26、ds. Draft International Standardsadopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of thi
27、s document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14798 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 178, Lifts, escalators and moving walks. This first edition of ISO 14798 cancels and replaces ISO/TS 14798:2006, which
28、 has been technically revised.BS EN ISO 14798:2013ISO 14798:2009(E)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14798:2009ISO 14798:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved
29、 vIntroduction The objective of this International Standard is to describe principles and set procedures for a consistent andsystematic risk assessment methodology relevant to lifts (elevators), escalators, moving walks (“lifts”, forshort). The risk analysis and assessment principles and process des
30、cribed in this International Standard may, however,be used for assessment of risk relevant to equipment other than lifts. This risk assessment methodology is a tool used to identify risk of harmresulting from various hazards,hazardous situations and harmful events. Knowledge and experience of the de
31、sign, use, installation,maintenance, incidents, accidents and related harm are brought together in order to assess the risk during all phases of the life of lifts1)(elevators), escalators and movingwalks (hereafter referred to as “lifts”), fromdesign and constructionup to decommissioning. The users
32、of the methodologydo not makemedical judgements but, rather, evaluate events that can possiblylead to levels of harm defined in this International Standard. Byitself, this International Standard does not provide a presumption of conformity to any safetyrequirements for lifts, including those noted i
33、n Clause 1.NOTE Risk assessment is not an exact science, as there is a certain degree of subjectivity in the process.It is recommended that this International Standard be incorporated into training courses and manuals so as toprovide basic instructions on safety aspects to those involved in a) asses
34、sing designs, operations, testing and use of lift equipment, and b) writing of specifications or standards incorporating safety requirements for lifts. This International Standard describes a qualitative methodology for risk assessment that relies very much onthe judgement and deliberations of the m
35、embers of the risk assessment team who carry out the assessment. To ensure the most realistic and consistent assessment, it is essential that the methodologybe followed faithfully. Aids such as numeric methods of assessment that follow the format described in this International Standard are not prec
36、luded from use. It should, however, be recognized that numeric aids to qualitative methods may still retain some of the subjectivityinherent in the qualitative process.Clause3 describes the concepts of safety and risk assessment. Clause4 describes the procedure of riskanalysis, including risk estima
37、tion. The procedure for risk evaluation is set out in Clause 5 and assessment in Clause 6. Clause 7 deals with protective measures. Clause 8 specifies relevant documentation. 1) Hereafter in this International Standard, the term “lift” is used instead of the term “elevator”. In addition, the term “l
38、ift” isalso used instead of the terms “lifts, escalators and moving walks”. BS EN ISO 14798:2013ISO 14798:2009(E)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14798:2009
39、BS EN ISO 14798:2013ISO 14798:2009(E)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14798:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14798:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Lifts
40、 (elevators), escalators and moving walks Risk assessment and reduction methodology1 Scope This International Standard establishes general principles and specific procedures for assessing risk. The purpose of this International Standard is to provide a process formaking decisions relevant to the saf
41、etyof lifts during the a) design, construction, installation and servicing of lifts, lift components and systems, b) development of generic procedures for the use, operation, testing, complianceverification and servicingof lifts, and c) development of technical specifications and standards affecting
42、 the safety of lifts.While examples in this International Standard refer primarily to risks of harm to persons, the risk assessmentprocedure set out in this International Standard can be equallyeffective for assessing other types of riskrelevant to lifts, such as the risk of damage to property and e
43、nvironment. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.2.1 cause circumstance, condition, event or action that in a hazardous situation contributes to the production of an effect 2.2 effectresult of a cause in the presence of a hazardous situ
44、ation 2.3 harmphysical injuryor damage to the health of people, or damage to property or the environment ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.3 2.4 harmful eventoccurrence in which a hazardous situation results in harmISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.4 NOTE In this International Standard, the term “harmful event” is in
45、terpreted as a combination of cause and effect. BS EN ISO 14798:2013Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14798:2009ISO 14798:2009(E)2 ISO 2009 All rights reserv
46、ed2.5 hazardpotential source of harmNOTE The term “hazard” can be qualified in order to define its origin or the nature of the expected harm (e.g. electricshock hazard, crushing hazard, cutting hazard, toxic hazard, fire hazard, drowning hazard). ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.5 2.6 hazardous situation ci
47、rcumstance in which people, property or the environment are exposed to one or more hazardsISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.6 2.7 life cycle period of usage of a component or a lift system2.8 protective measure means used to reduce riskNOTE Protective measures include risk reduction by inherently safe design
48、, protective devices, personal protectiveequipment, information for use and installation and training ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.8 2.9 residual risk risk remaining after protective measures have been taken ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.9 2.10 risk combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harmISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.2 2.11 risk analysis systematic use of available information to identifyhazards and to estimate the riskISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, 3.10 2.12 risk assessmentoverall process comprising a risk analysis and a risk evaluation
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