BS EN ISO 15007-1-2014 Road vehicles Measurement of driver visual behaviour with respect to transport information and control systems Definitions and parameters《道路车辆 与运输信息和控制系统有关的司.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 15007-1:2014Road vehicles Measurementof driver visual behaviourwith respect to transportinformation and controlsystemsPart 1: Definitions and parametersBS EN ISO 15007-1:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO1

2、5007-1:2014. It supersedes BS EN ISO 15007-1:2002 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE/12, Safety related to occupants.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does n

3、ot purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 73098 6ICS 01.040.43; 13.180; 43.040.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immu

4、nity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15007-1 November 2014 ICS 43.040.15; 13.1

5、80 Supersedes EN ISO 15007-1:2002English Version Road vehicles - Measurement of driver visual behaviour with respect to transport information and control systems - Part 1: Definitions and parameters (ISO 15007-1:2014) Vhicules routiers - Mesurage du comportement visuel du conducteur en relation avec

6、 les systmes de commande et dinformation du transport - Partie 1: Dfinitions et paramtres (ISO 15007-1:2014) Straenfahrzeuge - Messung zum visuellen Verhalten des Fahrers in Bezug zu Transportinformationen und Regelsystemen - Teil 1: Definitionen und Parameter (ISO 15007-1:2014) This European Standa

7、rd was approved by CEN on 20 September 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning

8、 such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its

9、 own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, German

10、y, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR N

11、ORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15007-1:2014 EBS EN ISO 15007-1:2014EN ISO 15007-1:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 15007-1:2

12、014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22 “Road vehicles” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 278 “Intelligent transport systems” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an i

13、dentical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held resp

14、onsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 15007-1:2002. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,

15、Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the Un

16、ited Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15007-1:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15007-1:2014 without any modification. BS EN ISO 15007-1:2014ISO 15007-1:2014(E)Contents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Definition of measure

17、s and metrics . 44.1 Basic Direct Measures . 54.2 Glance Metrics Derived From Basic Measures . 55 Data collection and analysis . 76 Data presentation 7Annex A (informative) Supporting Figures to explain terms and definitions 9Bibliography .13 ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiBS EN ISO 15007-1:2014ISO

18、 15007-1:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subjec

19、t for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

20、 on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be not

21、ed. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or

22、 all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and do

23、es not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary infor

24、mationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 13, Ergonomics applicable to road vehicles.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15007-1:2002), of which it constitutes a minor revision.ISO 15007 consists of the following parts,

25、 under the general title Road vehicles Measurement of driver visual behaviour with respect to transport information and control systems: Part 1: Definitions and parameters Part 2: Equipment and procedure Technical Specificationiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 15007-1:2014ISO 15007-1:2014(E)I

26、ntroductionVision provides the primary source of information available to a driver. Information is gathered by looking at objects and events and this in turn affords control and navigation of the vehicle in the road traffic environment. Assessment of a drivers visual behaviour provides a method of q

27、uantifying the drivers visual allocation to the roadway or in-vehicle information sources (see Reference1).Transport Information and Control Systems (TICS) applications for vehicles may have visual displays that can present a range of driver-selected information. If these visual displays have associ

28、ated controls (e.g. to select a zoom level or menu option) then these associated hand-control activities may also be visually guided and become part of the visual behaviour associated with a display/TICS application. For this reason it may be important to consider not only the visual behaviour in re

29、lation to information display, but also the duration and frequency of glances following driver controlled actions.Comparisons between specific vehicle systems have been made more difficult because the studies were conducted in different environments using different experimental techniques, different

30、 measurement definitions, and different analysis methods.ISO 15007 has been developed to give guidance on the terms and measurements relating to the collection and analysis of driver visual behaviour data. This approach aims to assess how drivers respond to vehicle design, the road environment, or o

31、ther driver-related tasks in both real and simulated road conditions. More specifically, the approach of this standard is based on the assumption that efficient processing of visual information is essential to the performance of the driving task.ISO 15007-1 defines key terms and parameters applied i

32、n the analysis of driver visual behaviour focused on glance and glance related measurements. ISO 15007-2 gives guidelines on equipment and procedures for analysis of driver visual behaviour.Practical assessments of drivers in real or simulated environments are conducted to quantify the allocation of

33、 visual behaviour to specified areas of interest. Visual behaviour may be quantified by the location, duration and frequency of glances to a specified area of interest in the visual scene (and, over time, between areas of interest). This approach often uses commonly available eye tracking and/or vid

34、eo-recording equipment. However, it does not preclude the use of more sophisticated technologies which may elicit additional driver visual behaviour information.Results from such assessments should enable comparison of the relative influence of the TICS use with reference conditions. ISO 2014 All ri

35、ghts reserved vBS EN ISO 15007-1:2014BS EN ISO 15007-1:2014Road vehicles Measurement of driver visual behaviour with respect to transport information and control systems Part 1: Definitions and parameters1 ScopeThis part of ISO 15007 defines key terms and parameters applied in the analysis of driver

36、 visual behaviour focused on glance and glance-related measures. These terms and parameters can be applied in environments from real-world driving experiments to laboratory-based driving simulator studies.The procedures described in this part of ISO 15007 could also apply to more general assessments

37、 of driver visual behaviour without the introduction of TICS-specific systems. The parameters and definitions described below are intended to assist development of a common source of reference for driver visual behaviour data.Minimum requirements for reporting the results of Transport Information an

38、d Control Systems (TICS) evaluations are provided.Further guidance including the specification of how to analyse and present the results of studies of visual behaviour is available in other ISO publications (see, for example, ISO 2854 and ISO/TR 13425:2006). However, data collected and analysed acco

39、rding to this standard will allow comparisons to be performed across different TICS applications and experimental scenarios.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references,

40、 only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2854, Statistical interpretation of data Techniques of estimation and tests relating to means and variancesISO/TR 13425:2006, Guidelines for the selection of

41、statistical methods in standardization and specification1)ISO/TS 15007-2:2014, Road vehicles Measurement of driver visual behaviour with respect to transport information and control systems Part 2: Equipment and procedures3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms

42、and definitions apply.3.1accommodationadjustment of the lens of the eye to bring about focusing of an image of an object upon the retinaNote 1 to entry: The time for the eye to accommodate from one object to another depends on the distance between the objects.1) Withdrawn.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO

43、15007-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 15007-1:2014ISO 15007-1:2014(E)3.2adaptationability of the eye to adjust to changing light conditionsNote 1 to entry: Adaptation times to transition from dark to light and light to dark are different.3.3direction of gazearea of interest to whic

44、h the eyes are directed3.4fixationalignment of the eyes so that the image of the fixated area of interest falls on the fovea (the middle of the retina responsible for our central, sharpest vision) for a given time periodNote 1 to entry: Typically, individual fixations last from 100 ms to 2 000 ms (s

45、ee Reference3). Fixations are the briefest of pauses during which visual information extraction is done by the eyes-and-brain from spatial areas that fall on the fovea of the eye (and hence are quite small). During fixation, there are believed to be at least three processes taking place (see Referen

46、ce10): 1) analysis of the image falling on the fovea, 2) selection of a new saccade target and 3) programming of the saccade to-be-made-next. It is not yet known how these processes are synchronized by the brain, nor how precisely they are synchronized since fixation durations are not always long en

47、ough to comprehend completion of all the processes. (Sometimes the eyes move before information extraction from the site of fixation has been completed, as evidenced by frequent corrective return fixations to a site under some conditions that was fixated too briefly). There is evidence that the brai

48、n both pre-programs fixation duration, and also does “process-monitoring” during a fixation to determine if analysis of the foveal image is complete within the fixations duration.before moving on. Thus, fixation time is dependent on both the immediate stimulus and the history of prior fixations. The

49、 contribution of both components suggests that fixation time may depend on the task and the amount of useful information in the fixated display (or viewed information) (see Reference4).See A.1 to A.4.3.5glancemaintaining of visual gaze within an area of interest, bounded by the perimeter of the area of interest; may be comprised of more than one fixation and saccades to and from it. Its duration is measured as “glance duration”Note 1 to entry: A glance is a scientific construct that sums over one or more fixations that are made conti