BS EN ISO 20200-2015 Plastics Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory-scale test《塑料 在实验室试验中模拟堆肥处理条件.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 20200:2015Plastics Determination ofthe degree of disintegrationof plastic materials undersimulated compostingconditions in a laboratory-scaletestBS EN ISO 20200:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 20200:201

2、5.It supersedes BS EN ISO 20200:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to includ

3、e all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 81815 8ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British

4、 Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 20200 December 2015 ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 20200:2

5、005English Version Plastics - Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory-scale test (ISO 20200:2015) Plastiques - Dtermination du degr de dsintgration de matriaux plastiques dans des conditions de compostage simules lors d

6、un essai de laboratoire (ISO 20200:2015) Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des Zersetzungsgrades von Kunststoffmaterialien unter nachgebildeten Kompostierungsbedingungen mittels einer Prfung im Labormastab (ISO 20200:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2015. CEN members are bound t

7、o comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-C

8、ENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has

9、the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxe

10、mbourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brusse

11、ls 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 20200:2015 EBS EN ISO 20200:2015EN ISO 20200:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 20200:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics“ i

12、n collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2016, and conflicting national standard

13、s shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 20200

14、:2005. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Fran

15、ce, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 20200:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO

16、 20200:2015 without any modification. BS EN ISO 20200:2015ISO 20200:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 25 Synthetic solid waste 26 Composting reactor . 37 Procedure. 37.1 Test material preparation 37.2 Start-up of the test . 47.3

17、 Thermophilic incubation period (high temperature) . 47.4 Mesophilic incubation period (at room temperature) . 48 Monitoring the composting process . 59 Diagnostic parameters . 59.1 Odour . 59.2 Visual appearance 59.3 Chemical analysis 59.4 Determination of dry mass and volatile solids 510 Terminati

18、on of the test and measurement of the degree of disintegration 611 Calculation of degree of disintegration . 612 Expression of results 613 Validity of the test 614 Test report . 7 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 20200:2015ISO 20200:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organiz

19、ation for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established

20、 has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.Th

21、e procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the e

22、ditorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent r

23、ights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an ex

24、planation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this do

25、cument is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20200:2004), which has been technically revised with the following changes:a) the term “heavy metal” has been replaced by “regulated metal” (3.2);b) the term

26、 “commercial” has been replaced by “municipal or industrial” (Clause 4 and 5);c) the numerical value of R 42,8 % has been replaced by 42,3 % (Clause 13);d) the variability of the results has been raised from 10 % to 20 % (Clause 13).iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 20200:2015ISO 20200:2015(E

27、)IntroductionThe test method described in this International Standard determines the degree of disintegration of plastic materials when exposed to a composting environment. The method is simple and inexpensive, does not require special bioreactors, and is scaled for use in any general-purpose labora

28、tory. It requires the use of a standard and homogeneous synthetic solid waste. The synthetic waste components are dry, clean, safe products which can be stored in the laboratory without any odour or health problems. The synthetic waste is of constant composition and devoid of any undesired plastic m

29、aterial which could be erroneously identified as test material at the end of testing, altering the final evaluation. The bioreactors are small, as is the amount of synthetic waste to be composted (approximately 3 l). With the limited amount of test material, this method provides a simplified test pr

30、ocedure. This test method is not aimed at determining the biodegradability of plastic materials under composting conditions. Further testing will be necessary before being able to claim compostability. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 20200:2015BS EN ISO 20200:2015Plastics Determination of th

31、e degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory-scale test1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method of determining the degree of disintegration of plastic materials when exposed to a laboratory-scale composting environment. The method

32、 is not applicable to the determination of the biodegradability of plastic materials under composting conditions. Further testing is necessary to be able to claim compostability.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are in

33、dispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth3 Terms an

34、d definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1compostorganic soil conditioner obtained by biodegradation of a mixture consisting principally of vegetable residues, occasionally with other organic material and having a limited mineral content3.2compostab

35、ilityability of a material to be biodegraded in a composting processNote 1 to entry: To claim compostability, it must have been demonstrated that a material can be biodegraded and disintegrated in a composting system (as can be shown by standard test methods) and completes its biodegradation during

36、the end-use of the compost. The compost must meet the relevant quality criteria. Quality criteria are, e.g. low regulated metal content, no ecotoxicity, no obviously distinguishable residues.3.3compostingaerobic process designed to produce compost3.4disintegrationphysical breakdown of a material int

37、o very small fragments3.5dry massmass of a sample measured after dryingNote 1 to entry: Dry mass is expressed as a percentage of the mass of the wet sample.3.6mesophilic incubation periodincubation at 25 C to allow the development of microorganisms growing at room temperatureINTERNATIONAL STANDARD I

38、SO 20200:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 20200:2015ISO 20200:2015(E)3.7thermophilic incubation periodincubation at 58 C to allow the development of microorganisms growing at high temperature3.8total dry solidsamount of solids obtained by taking a known volume of test material or comp

39、ost and drying at about 105 C to constant mass3.9volatile solidsamount of solids obtained by subtracting the residue obtained from a known volume of test material or compost after incineration at about 550 C from the total dry solids (3.8) content of the same sampleNote 1 to entry: The volatile-soli

40、ds content is an indication of the amount of organic matter present.4 PrincipleThe method determines the degree of disintegration of test materials on a laboratory scale under conditions simulating an intensive aerobic composting process. The solid matrix used consists of a synthetic solid waste ino

41、culated with mature compost taken from a municipal or industrial composting plant. Pieces of the plastic test material are composted with this prepared solid matrix. The degree of disintegration is determined after a composting cycle, by sieving the final matrix through a 2 mm sieve in order to reco

42、ver the non-disintegrated residues. The reduction in mass of the test sample is considered as disintegrated material and used to calculate the degree of disintegration.5 Synthetic solid wasteThe composition of the synthetic waste used in this method is described in Table 1.Well aerated compost from

43、a municipal or industrial aerobic composting plant shall be used as the inoculum. The compost inoculum shall be homogeneous and free from large inert objects such as glass, stones, or pieces of metal. Remove any such objects manually and then sieve the compost on a screen of mesh aperture between 0,

44、5 cm and 1 cm. It is recommended that compost from a plant composting the organic fraction of solid municipal waste be used in order to ensure sufficient diversity of microorganisms. If such a compost is not available, then compost from plants treating farmyard waste or mixtures of garden waste and

45、solid municipal waste can be used. The compost shall not be older than four months.Prepare the synthetic waste manually by mixing the different components listed in Table 1. The allowed tolerance on the mass measurements of the synthetic waste components, water included, is 5 %. Add chlorine-free ta

46、p water, or de-ionized or distilled water, to the mixture to adjust its final water content to 55 % in total. Perform this operation just before start-up. The synthetic waste shall have a carbon:nitrogen (C/N) ratio of between 20:1 and 40:1. The urea concentration can be changed to adjust the C/N ra

47、tio to the required range. In this case, the concentration of the other components shall be adjusted proportionately in order to bring the total dry mass of the solid waste to 100 %.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 20200:2015ISO 20200:2015(E)Table 1 Composition of synthetic solid wasteMateria

48、lDry mass%Sawdust 40Rabbit-feed 30Ripe compost 10Corn starch 10Saccharose 5Cornseed oil 4Urea 1Tot al 100NOTE 1 Sawdust from untreated wood shall be used. It is preferable to use wood from deciduous trees. Sawdust shall be sieved through a 5 mm sieve before use.NOTE 2 The rabbit-feed shall be a comm

49、ercial product based on alfalfa (lucerne) (Medicago sativa) and vegetable meal. If a product with a different composition is used, the composition shall be given in the test report. The protein content of the rabbit-feed shall be approximately 15 % and the cellulose content approximately 20 %.6 Composting reactorThe preferred composting reactor is a box made of polypropylene or other suitable material, having the following dimensions: 30 cm 20 cm 10 cm (l, w, h). The box shall be covered with a lid assuring a tight seal to avoid excessive