BS EN ISO 22600-2-2014 Health informatics Privilege management and access control Formal models《健康信息学 权限管理和访问控制 形式模型》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 22600-2:2014Health informatics Privilegemanagement and accesscontrolPart 2: Formal modelsBS EN ISO 22600-2:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO22600-2:2014. It supersedes DD ISO/TS 22600-2:2006 which iswithd

2、rawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee IST/35, Health informatics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users a

3、re responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 80569 1ICS 35.240.80Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theSt

4、andards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 22600-2 October 2014 ICS 35.240.80 English Version Health informatics - Privilege management and access control - Part 2: Formal mode

5、ls (ISO 22600-2:2014) Informatique de sant - Gestion de privilges et contrle daccs - Partie 2: Modles formels (ISO 22600-2:2014) Medizinische Informatik - Privilegienmanagement und Zugriffssteuerung - Teil 2: Formale Modelle (ISO 22600-2:2014) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 May 201

6、4. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained o

7、n application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENE

8、LEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Ital

9、y, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Aven

10、ue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 22600-2:2014 EBS EN ISO 22600-2:2014EN ISO 22600-2:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 22600-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Commit

11、tee ISO/TC 215 “Health informatics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 251 “Health informatics” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest

12、by April 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pat

13、ent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,

14、 France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 22600-2:2014 has been approved by CEN as

15、 EN ISO 22600-2:2014 without any modification. BS EN ISO 22600-2:2014ISO 22600-2:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Abbreviated terms 65 Component paradigm 66 Generic models . 76.1 Framework .

16、76.2 Domain model . 96.3 Document model 106.4 Policy model . 116.5 Role model . 146.6 Authorization model Role and privilege assignment 146.7 Control model . 156.8 Delegation model . 166.9 Access control model 18Annex A (informative) Functional and structural roles .20Bibliography .25BS EN ISO 22600

17、-2:2014ISO 22600-2:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested i

18、n a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commis

19、sion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents sho

20、uld be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for i

21、dentifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the con

22、venience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Forewor

23、d - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 215, Health informatics.This first edition of ISO 22600-2 cancels and replaces ISO/TS 22600-2:2006, which has been technically revised.ISO 22600 consists of the following parts, under the general title Health informat

24、ics Privilege management and access control: Part 1: Overview and policy management Part 2: Formal models Part 3: Implementationsiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 22600-2:2014ISO 22600-2:2014(E)IntroductionThe distributed architecture of shared care information systems supporting service-orie

25、nted architecture (SOA) is increasingly based on corporate networks and virtual private networks. For meeting the interoperability challenge, the use of standardized user interfaces, tools, and protocols, which ensures platform independence, but also the number of really open information systems, is

26、 rapidly growing during the last couple of years.As a common situation today, hospitals are supported by several vendors providing different applications, which are not able to communicate authentication and authorization since each has its own way of handling these functions. For achieving an integ

27、rated scenario, it takes a remarkable amount of money, time, and efforts to get users and changing organizational environments dynamically mapped before starting communication and cooperation. Resources required for the development and maintenance of security functions grow exponentially with the nu

28、mber of applications, with the complexity of organizations towards a regional, national, or even international level, and with the flexibility of users playing multiple roles, sometimes even simultaneously.The situation becomes even more challenging when inter-organizational communications happens,

29、thereby crossing security policy domain boundaries. Moving from one healthcare centre to another or from country to country, different rules for privileges and their management can apply to similar types of users, both for execution of particular functions and for access to information. The policy d

30、ifferences between these domains have to be bridged automatically or through policy agreements, defining sets of rules followed by the parties involved, for achieving interoperability.Another challenge to be met is how to improve the quality of care by using IT without infringing the privacy of the

31、patient. To provide physicians with adequate information about the patient, a virtual electronic health care record is required which makes it possible to keep track of all the activities belonging to one patient regardless of where and by whom they have been performed and documented. In such an env

32、ironment, a generic model or specific agreement between the parties for managing privileges and access control including the patient or its representative is needed.Besides a diversity of roles and responsibilities, typical for any type of large organization, also ethical and legal aspects in the he

33、althcare scenario due to the sensitivity of person-related health information managed and its personal and social impact have to be considered.Advanced solutions for privilege management and access control are required today already, but this challenge will even grow over the next couple of years. T

34、he reason is the increase of information exchanged between systems in order to fulfil the demands of health service providers at different care levels for having access to more and more patient-related information to ensure the quality and efficiency of patients diagnosis and treatment, however comb

35、ined with increased security and privacy risks.The implementation of this International Standard might be currently too advanced and therefore not feasible in certain organizational and technical settings. For meeting the basic principle of best possible action, it is therefore very important that a

36、t least a policy agreement is written between the parties stating to progress towards this International Standard when any update/upgrade of the systems is intended. The level of formalization and granularity of policies and the objects these policies are bound to defines the solution maturity on a

37、pathway towards the presented specification.The policy agreement also has to contain defined differences in the security systems and agreed solutions on how to overcome the differences. For example, the authentication service and privileges of a requesting party at the responding site have to be man

38、aged according to the policy declared in the agreement. For that reason, information and service requester, as well as information and service provider on the one hand, and information and services requested and provided on the other hand, have to be grouped and classified in a limited number of con

39、cepts for enabling the specification of a limited number of solution categories. Based on that classification, claimant mechanisms, target sensitivity mechanisms, and policy specification and management mechanisms can be implemented. Once all parties have signed the policy agreement, the communicati

40、on and information exchange can start with the existing systems if the parties can accept the risks. If there are unacceptable risks which have to be eliminated before the information exchange starts, they shall also be recorded in the policy agreement ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 22600-2

41、:2014ISO 22600-2:2014(E)together with an action plan stating how these risks shall be removed. The policy agreement also has to contain a time plan for this work and an agreement on how it shall be financed.The documentation of the negotiation process is very important and provides the platform for

42、the policy agreement.Privilege management and access control address security and privacy services required for communication and cooperation, i.e. distributed use of health information. It also implies safety aspects, professional standards, and legal and ethical issues. This International Standard

43、 introduces principles and specifies services needed for managing privileges and access control. Cryptographic protocols are out of the scope of this International Standard.This three-part International Standard references existing architectural and security standards as well as specifications in th

44、e healthcare area such as ISO, CEN, ASTM, OMG, W3C, etc., and endorses existing appropriate standards or identifies enhancements or modifications or the need for new standards. It comprises of: ISO 22600-1: describes the scenarios and the critical parameters in information exchange across policy dom

45、ains. It also gives examples of necessary documentation methods as the basis for the policy agreement. ISO 22600-2: describes and explains, in a more detailed manner, the architectures and underlying models for privilege management and access control which are necessary for secure information sharin

46、g including the formal representation of policies. ISO 22600-3: describes examples of implementable specifications of application security services and infrastructural services using different specification languages.It accommodates policy bridging. It is based on a conceptual model where local auth

47、orization servers and cross border directory and policy repository services can assist access control in various applications (software components). The policy repository provides information on rules for access to various application functions based on roles and other attributes. The directory serv

48、ice enables identification of the individual user. The granted access will be based on four aspects: the authenticated identification of principals (i.e. human users and objects that need to operate under their own rights) involved; the rules for access to a specific information object including pur

49、pose of use; the rules regarding authorization attributes linked to the principal provided by the authorization manager; the functions of the specific applicationThis International Standard supports collaboration between several authorization managers that can operate over organizational and policy borders.This International Standard is strongly related to other ISO/TC 215 work such as ISO 17090 (all parts), ISO 22857, ISO 21091, and ISO 21298.This International Standard is meant to be read in conjunction with its complete set of associated standar