BS EN ISO 28300-2008 Petroleum petrochemical and natural gas industries - Venting of atmospheric and low-pressure storage tanks《石油、石化和天然气工业 环境通风和低压储存罐》.pdf

1、BS EN ISO28300:2008ICS 75.180.20NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDPetroleum,petrochemicaland natural gasindustries Venting ofatmospheric and low-pressure storage tanksOctober 2009corrigendumIncorporatingNational forewordThis British Standard is the

2、 UK implementation of EN ISO 28300:2008. It is identical to ISO 28300:2008, incorporating corrigendum October 2009.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags. Text altered by ISO corrigendum October 2009 is indicated in the text by .The UK part

3、icipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PSE/17/-/6, Processing equipment and systems for petroleum and natural gas industries.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all

4、the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. BS EN ISO 28300:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3

5、1 July 2008 BSI 2010Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments 31 January 2010 Implementation of ISO corrigendum October 2009ISBN 978 0 580 69295 6EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 28300June 2008ICS 75.180.20English VersionPetroleum, petrochemical and natural gas

6、 industries - Venting ofatmospheric and low-pressure storage tanks (ISO 28300:2008)Industries du ptrole, de la ptrochimie et du gaz naturel -Ventilation des rservoirs de stockage pressionatmosphrique et basse pression (ISO 28300:2008)Erdl, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Be- undEntlftung von La

7、gertanks mit atmosphhrischem Druckoder niedrigem berdruck (ISO 28300:2008)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 June 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national stan

8、dard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other l

9、anguage made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finla

10、nd,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE

11、 FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 28300:2008: EEN ISO 28300:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 28300:2008) has been prepared by Technical

12、 Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by

13、AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility th

14、at some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound t

15、o implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switz

16、erland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 28300:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 28300:2008 without any modification. BS EN ISO 28300:2008ISO 28300:2008(E) iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms, definitions and abb

17、reviated terms . 1 4 Non-refrigerated aboveground tanks . 4 4.1 General. 4 4.2 Causes of overpressure or vacuum 4 4.3 Determination of venting requirements 7 4.4 Means of venting. 18 4.5 Considerations for tanks with potentially flammable atmospheres 19 4.6 Relief-device specification. 20 4.7 Instal

18、lation of venting devices 22 5 Refrigerated aboveground and belowground tanks . 23 5.1 General. 23 5.2 Causes of overpressure or vacuum 23 5.3 Relief-device specification. 26 5.4 Installation of venting devices 26 6 Testing of venting devices. 27 6.1 General. 27 6.2 Flow-test apparatus 28 6.3 Method

19、 for determining capacities . 29 6.4 Production testing 33 7 Manufacturers documentation and marking of venting devices 34 7.1 Documentation 34 7.2 Marking 34 Annex A (informative) Alternative calculation of normal venting requirements . 36 Annex B (informative) Basis of emergency venting for Tables

20、 7 and 8 . 45 Annex C (informative) Types and operating characteristics of venting devices. 49 Annex D (informative) Basis of sizing equations 58 Annex E (informative) Basis for normal out-breathing and normal inbreathing . 70 Annex F (informative) Guidance for inert-gas blanketing of tanks for flas

21、hback protection. 72 Bibliography . 75 BS EN ISO 28300:2008 ISO 2009 All rights reservedISO 28300:2008(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is

22、normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part

23、in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to pre

24、pare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that

25、some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 28300 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural g

26、as industries, Subcommittee SC 6, Processing equipment and systems. BS EN ISO 28300:2008 ISO 2009 All rights reservedISO 28300:2008(E) vIntroduction This International Standard was developed from the 5thedition of API Std 2000 and EN 14015:2005, with the intent that the 6thedition of API Std 2000 be

27、 identical to this International Standard. This International Standard has been developed from the accumulated knowledge and experience of qualified engineers of the oil, petroleum, petrochemical, chemical and general bulk liquid storage industry. Engineering studies of a particular tank can indicat

28、e that the appropriate venting capacity for the tank is not the venting capacity estimated in accordance with this International Standard. The many variables associated with tank-venting requirements make it impractical to set forth definite, simple rules that are applicable to all locations and con

29、ditions. In this International Standard, where practical, US Customary (USC) units are included in parentheses or in separate tables, for information. BS EN ISO 28300:2008 ISO 2009 All rights reservedINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28300:2008(E)1Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries Venting

30、 of atmospheric and low-pressure storage tanks 1 Scope This International Standard covers the normal and emergency vapour venting requirements for aboveground liquid-petroleum or petroleum-products storage tanks and aboveground and underground refrigerated storage tanks designed for operation at pre

31、ssures from full vacuum through 103,4 kPa (ga) 15 psig. Discussed in this International Standard are the causes of overpressure and vacuum; determination of venting requirements; means of venting; selection, and installation of venting devices; and testing and marking of relief devices. This Interna

32、tional Standard is intended for tanks containing petroleum and petroleum products but it can also be applied to tanks containing other liquids; however, it is necessary to use sound engineering analysis and judgment whenever this International Standard is applied to other liquids. This International

33、 Standard does not apply to external floating-roof tanks. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (inc

34、luding any amendments) applies. ISO 4126-4, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure Part 4: Pilot operated safety valves ISO 16852, Flame arresters Performance requirements, test methods and limits for use ISO 23251, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries Pressure-relie

35、ving and depressuring systems IEC 60079-10, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres Part 10: Classification of hazardous areas DIN 41191)(all parts), Above-ground cylindrical flat-bottom tank structures of metallic materials 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms For the purposes of t

36、his document, the following terms, definitions and abbreviated terms apply. 3.1 accumulation pressure increase over the maximum allowable working pressure or design pressure of the vessel allowed during discharge through the pressure-relief device NOTE Accumulation is expressed in units of pressure

37、or as a percentage of MAWP or design pressure. Maximum allowable accumulations are established by pressure-design codes for emergency operating and fire contingencies. 1) Deutsches Institut fr Normung (DIN), Burggrafenstrasse 6, Berlin, Germany D-10787. BS EN ISO 28300:2008 ISO 2009 All rights reser

38、vedISO 28300:2008(E) 2 3.2 adjusted set pressure inlet static pressure at which a pressure-relief valve is adjusted to open on the test stand See set pressure (3.19). NOTE 1 Adjusted set pressure is equivalent to set pressure for direct-mounted end-of-line installations. NOTE 2 The adjusted set pres

39、sure includes corrections for service conditions of superimposed back-pressure. 3.3 British thermal unit Btu unit of heat that increases the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit 3.4 emergency venting venting required when an abnormal condition, such as ruptured internal heating

40、 coils or an external fire, exists either inside or outside a tank 3.5 non-refrigerated tank container that stores material in a liquid state without the aid of refrigeration, either by evaporation of the tank contents or by a circulating refrigeration system NOTE Generally, the storage temperature

41、is close to, or higher than, ambient temperature. 3.6 normal cubic metres per hour Nm3/h SI unit for volumetric flow rate of air or gas at a temperature of 0 C and pressure of 101,3 kPa, expressed in cubic metres per hour 3.7 normal venting venting required because of operational requirements or atm

42、ospheric changes 3.8 overpressure pressure increase at the PV valve inlet above the set pressure, when the PV valve is relieving NOTE 1 Overpressure is expressed in pressure units or as a percentage of the set pressure. NOTE 2 The value or magnitude of the overpressure is equal to the value or magni

43、tude of the accumulation when the valve is set at the maximum allowable working pressure or design pressure and the inlet piping losses are zero. 3.9 petroleum crude oil 3.10 petroleum products hydrocarbon materials or other products derived from crude oil 3.11 PV valve weight-loaded, pilot-operated

44、, or spring-loaded valve, used to relieve excess pressure and/or vacuum that has developed in a tank BS EN ISO 28300:2008 ISO 2009 All rights reserved ISO 28300:2008(E) 33.12 rated relieving capacity flow capacity of a relief device expressed in terms of air flow at standard or normal conditions at

45、a designated pressure or vacuum NOTE Rated relieving capacity is expressed in SCFH or Nm3/h. 3.13 refrigerated tank container that stores liquid at a temperature below atmospheric temperature with or without the aid of refrigeration, either by evaporation of the tank contents or by a circulating ref

46、rigeration system 3.14 relief device device used to relieve excess pressure and/or vacuum that has developed in a tank 3.15 relieving pressure pressure at the inlet of a relief device when the fluid is flowing at the required relieving capacity 3.16 required flow capacity flow through a relief devic

47、e required to prevent excessive pressure or vacuum in a tank under the most severe operating or emergency conditions 3.17 rollover uncontrolled mass movement of stored liquid, correcting an unstable state of stratified liquids of different densities and resulting in a significant evolution of produc

48、t vapour 3.18 standard cubic feet per hour SCFH USC unit for volumetric flow rate of air or gas (same as free air or free gas) at a temperature of 15,6 C (60 F) and an absolute pressure of 101,3 kPa (14,7 psi), expressed in cubic feet per hour 3.19 set pressure gauge pressure at the device inlet at

49、which the relief device is set to start opening under service conditions 3.20 thermal inbreathing movement of air or blanketing gas into a tank when vapours in the tank contract or condense as a result of weather changes (e.g. a decrease in atmospheric temperature) 3.21 thermal out-breathing movement of vapours out of a tank when vapours in the tank expand and liquid in the tank vapourizes as a result of weather changes (e.g. an increase in atmospheric temperature) 3.22 wetted area surface area of a tank exposed to liquid on the in