BS EN ISO 6145-9-2010 Gas analysis Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods Saturation method《气体分析 用动态容积法制备标定气体混合物 饱和法》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 6145-9:2010Gas analysis Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methodsPart 9: Saturation method (ISO 6145-9:2009)Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/

2、EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 14/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 6145-9:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO6145-9:2010. It is identical to ISO 6145-9:2009. It supersedes BS ISO6145-9:2009, which is withdrawn.The UK participati

3、on in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/15, Natural Gas and Gas Analysis.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsibl

4、e for its correctapplication. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 72206 6 ICS 71.040.40 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2011. Amendments issued sin

5、ce publicationDate Text affected28 February 201 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 6145-9:2009 to BS EN ISO 6145-9:20101Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 14/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 6145-9 December 2010 ICS

6、71.040.40 English Version Gas analysis - Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods - Part 9: Saturation method (ISO 6145-9:2009) Analyse des gaz - Prparation des mlanges de gaz pour talonnage laide de mthodes volumtriques dynamiques - Partie 9: Mthode par saturation (I

7、SO 6145-9:2009) Gasanalyse - Herstellung von Kalibriergasgemischen mit Hilfe von dynamisch-volumetrischen Verfahren - Teil 9: Sttigungsverfahren (ISO 6145-9:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 December 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

8、 which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. Thi

9、s European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN memb

10、ers are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,

11、 Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Memb

12、ers. Ref. No. EN ISO 6145-9:2010: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 14/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 6145-9:2010 EN ISO 6145-9:2010 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 6145-9:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 158 “Analysis of gases” of the Int

13、ernational Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 6145-9:2010. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2011, and conflicting national standards shall

14、 be withdrawn at the latest by June 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regula

15、tions, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malt

16、a, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 6145-9:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 6145-9:2010 without any modification. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 1

17、4/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 6145-9:2010ISO 6145-9:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Principle1 5 Equipment 2 5.1 Set up2 5.2 Gas preparation .2 5.3 Compatibility of the apparatus.2

18、5.4 Selection of the apparatus2 5.5 Pressure measurement.2 5.6 Temperature control3 5.7 Instrumentation .3 5.8 Purity.4 6 Procedure.4 6.1 Installation4 6.2 Operation of a direct system4 6.3 Operation of a closed circulation system.4 7 Uncertainty of measurement5 Annex A (normative) Overview of vapou

19、r pressure data for various substances.7 Annex B (informative) Examples of uncertainty estimations.11 Bibliography14 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 14/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 6145-9:2010ISO 6145-9:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO

20、(the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical comm

21、ittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrote

22、chnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the memb

23、er bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifyi

24、ng any or all such patent rights. ISO 6145-9 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 158, Analysis of gases. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6145-9:2001) and ISO 6145-9:2001/Cor 1:2002, which have been technically revised. As Annex B is purely informative, and incl

25、uded as a guide to the methods of calculation of the volume fractions, the numerical examples which are presented in it have been carried forward verbatim from ISO 6145-9:2001 to this updated standard. Although some references have been updated in the present bibliography to the most recent editions

26、, the tables in Annex A have also been reproduced verbatim and are based on data from the earlier editions of the relevant publications (References 3, 4 and 7 to 10 in the Bibliography). In the application of this updated standard, it is firmly recommended that the more recent versions of the public

27、ations be consulted, even though it is anticipated that any amendments to the earlier versions will be minor ones. For example, the 15th edition of Reference 4 was published in 1999 and the 2nd edition of Reference 8 was published in 1984. ISO 6145-9 also cancels and replaces ISO 6147, which has the

28、 same subject. In comparison with ISO 6147, ISO 6145-9 gives more detailed information on the use of the apparatus and a clause on the uncertainty of measurement has been added. The estimated uncertainties in the calibration methods and techniques have now been combined in a square-root sum-of-squar

29、es manner to form the relative combined standard uncertainty. ISO 6145 consists of the following parts, under the general title Gas analysis Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods: Part 1: Methods of calibration Part 2: Volumetric pumps Part 4: Continuous syringe in

30、jection method Part 5: Capillary calibration devices Part 6: Critical orifices Part 7: Thermal mass-flow controllers Part 8: Diffusion method Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 14/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 6145-9:2010ISO 6145-9:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights

31、 reserved v Part 9: Saturation method Part 10: Permeation method Part 11: Electrochemical generation ISO 6145-3, entitled Periodic injections into a flowing gas stream, has been withdrawn. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 14/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 61

32、45-9:2010Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 14/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 6145-9:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6145-9:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Gas analysis Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods Part 9: Satur

33、ation method 1 Scope This part of ISO 6145 is one of a series of International Standards dealing with various dynamic volumetric methods used for the preparation of calibration gas mixtures. This part specifies a method for continuous production of calibration gas mixtures containing one or more rea

34、dily condensable components. A relative expanded uncertainty of measurement, U, obtained by multiplying the relative combined standard uncertainty by a coverage factor k = 2, of not greater than 1 %, can be obtained using this method. Unlike the methods presented in the other parts of ISO 6145, the

35、method described in this part does not require accurate measurement of flow rates since flow rates do not appear in the equations for calculation of the volume fraction. Readily condensable gases and vapours commonly become adsorbed on surfaces, and it is therefore difficult to prepare stable calibr

36、ation gas mixtures of accurately known composition, containing such components, by means of static methods. In addition, these calibration gas mixtures cannot be maintained under a pressure near the saturation limit without the occurrence of condensation. The saturation method can be employed to pre

37、pare mixtures of this type. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies

38、. ISO 6143, Gas analysis Comparison methods for determining and checking the composition of calibration gas mixtures ISO 7504, Gas analysis Vocabulary ISO 16664, Gas analysis Handling of calibration gases and gas mixtures Guidelines 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the term

39、s and definitions given in ISO 7504 apply. 4 Principle The vapour pressure of a pure substance in equilibrium with its condensed phase depends on the temperature only. At pressures close to the prevailing barometric pressure, and in the absence of significant Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CH

40、INA STANDARDS, 14/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 6145-9:2010ISO 6145-9:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reservedgas phase interactions, such as occur with hydrocarbon mixtures, the volume fraction of the constituent can be calculated from knowledge of the temperature and pressure of

41、 the system. If a complementary gas is simply brought into contact with the condensed phase of a volatile component at a given temperature with no external agency, the equilibrium (saturation) condition is reached quite slowly. In order to accelerate the process, the complementary gas is passed thro

42、ugh the condensed phase at an elevated temperature, T1, following which the gas mixture thus obtained is cooled to a lower temperature, T2, which is below the dew-point. To ensure that saturation is attained, the difference in temperature (T1 T2) should be at least 5 K. The volume fraction xof the c

43、onstituent x is, to a good approximation, equal to the ratio of the vapour pressure pxof the calibration component at temperature T2to the total pressure p of the gas mixture at the same temperature in the condenser: xxpp = (1) The value of the relevant partial pressure (vapour pressure) of the cons

44、tituent at temperature T2can be found in tables or diagrams in References 1 to 4 in the Bibliography. 5 Equipment 5.1 Set up An overview of the equipment that shall be used for producing calibration gas mixtures by the saturation method is shown in Figure 1. A continuous flow of complementary gas fr

45、om the supply (item 1 in Figure 1) is passed firstly through a filter (item 2 in Figure 2) containing quartz fibre material to remove suspended particles. NOTE Items 11 and 12 in Figure 1 are required only when a recycling system of calibration gas is employed. The procedure specified in 5.2 to 5.8

46、shall be followed for the assembly and use of the equipment in order to minimize uncertainty in the volume fraction of the components. 5.2 Gas preparation Clean and dry the complementary gas before it is introduced into the saturator. 5.3 Compatibility of the apparatus In the apparatus, use componen

47、ts, particularly sample lines, constructed exclusively in materials which are known to exhibit negligible interaction with the components of the calibration gas mixture. Avoid materials which may be permeable to the component gases and/or the gas mixture, or upon which adsorption could take place. I

48、f in doubt, the compatibility of sample lines shall be checked before they are used for the preparation of the sample gas mixture. 5.4 Selection of the apparatus Use sample lines of which the cross-sectional areas are of sufficient magnitude to ensure that the pressure drop resulting from the resist

49、ance to flow remains negligibly small. 5.5 Pressure measurement Measure the total pressure at the outlet of the pressure-equalizing vessel. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 14/06/2011 08:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 6145-9:2010ISO 6145-9:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3Key 1 supply of complementary gas 2 filter for suspended particles 3 saturator 4 condenser, constructed of a material that is of adequate thermal conductivity (e.g. copper o