BS EN ISO 80000-10-2013 Quantities and units Atomic and nuclear physics《量和单位 原子和核物理学》.pdf

1、BS ISO80000-10:2009ICS 01.060NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDQuantities and unitsPart 10: Atomic and nuclear physicsBS EN ISO 80000-10:2013Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo rep

2、roduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 80000-10:2013ISBN 978 0 580 79024 9Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments30 June 2013 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 80000-10:2009 as BS EN ISO 80000-10:2013This British Standard was published under the

3、authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2010 The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 80000-10:2013. It is identical to ISO 80000-10:2009. It supersedes BS ISO

4、80000-10:2009, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee SS/7, General metrology, quantities, units and symbols.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.The publication does not purport to

5、include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction

6、or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 80000-10 April 2013 ICS 01.060 English Version Quantities and units - Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics (ISO 80000-10:2009) Grandeurs et units - Partie 10: Physique atomique et nuclaire (I

7、SO 80000-10:2009) Gren und Einheiten - Teil 10: Atom- und Kernphysik (ISO 80000-10:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 March 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status

8、of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, Germa

9、n). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,

10、 Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and Unite

11、d Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 80000-10:

12、2013: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO 80000-10:2013EN ISO 80000-10:2013 (E)EN ISO 80000-10:2013 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 80000-10:2009 has been p

13、repared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12 “Quantities and units” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 80000-10:2013. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endor

14、sement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for ident

15、ifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugos

16、lav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 80000-10:2009

17、has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 80000-10:2013 without any modification. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 80000-10:2009ISO 80000-10:2009(E) ISO 2009 All r

18、ights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introductionvi 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Names, symbols, and definitions 1 Annex A (informative) Non-SI units used in atomic and nuclear physics 66 Bibliography67 BS EN ISO 80000-10:2013ISO 80000-10:2013 (E)Copyright European Committee for Standar

19、dization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 80000-10:2009ISO 80000-10:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of nat

20、ional standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for whom a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Internat

21、ional organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the ru

22、les given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the po

23、ssibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 80000-10 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12, Quantities and units, in co-operation with IEC

24、/TC 25, Quantities and units. This first edition of ISO 80000-10 cancels and replaces ISO 31-9:1992 and ISO 31-10:1992. It also incorporates Amendments ISO 31-9:1992/Amd.1:1998 and ISO 31-10:1992/Amd.1:1998. The major technical changes from the previous standards are the following: Annex A and Annex

25、 B to ISO 31-9:1992 have been deleted (as they are covered by ISO 80000-9); Annex C to ISO 31-9:1992 has become Annex A; Annex D to ISO 31-9:1992 has been deleted; the presentation of numerical statements has been changed; the Normative references have been changed; items 10-33 and 10-53 from ISO 31

26、-10:1992 have been deleted; new items have been added; many definitions have been re-formulated; newer values for fundamental constants have been used. ISO 80000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part 1: General Part 2: Mathematical signs and symbols to b

27、e used in the natural sciences and technology Part 3: Space and time Part 4: Mechanics BS EN ISO 80000-10:2013ISO 80000-10:2013 (E)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,

28、-BS ISO 80000-10:2009ISO 80000-10:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved v Part 5: Thermodynamics Part 7: Light Part 8: Acoustics Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics Part 11: Characteristic numbers Part 12: Solid state physics IEC 80000 consists of the

29、following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part 6: Electromagnetism Part 13: Information science and technology Part 14: Telebiometrics related to human physiology BS EN ISO 80000-10:2013ISO 80000-10:2013 (E)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under l

30、icense with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 80000-10:2009ISO 80000-10:2009(E) vi ISO 2009 All rights reservedIntroduction 0.1 Arrangements of the tables The tables of quantities and units in this International Standard are arranged so that

31、 the quantities are presented on the left-hand pages and the units on the corresponding right-hand pages. All units between two full lines on the right-hand pages belong to the quantities between the corresponding full lines on the left-hand pages. Where the numbering of an item has been changed in

32、the revision of a part of ISO 31, the number in the preceding edition is shown in parenthesis on the left-hand page under the new number for the quantity; a dash is used to indicate that the item in question did not appear in the preceding edition. 0.2 Tables of quantities The names in English and i

33、n French of the most important quantities within the field of this International Standard are given together with their symbols and, in most cases, their definitions. These names and symbols are recommendations. The definitions are given for identification of the quantities in the International Syst

34、em of Quantities (ISQ), listed on the left hand pages of the table; they are not intended to be complete. The scalar, vector or tensor character of quantities is pointed out, especially when this is needed for the definitions. In most cases only one name and only one symbol for the quantity are give

35、n; where two or more names or two or more symbols are given for one quantity and no special distinction is made, they are on an equal footing. When two types of italic letters exist (for example as with and ; and ; a and a; g and g), only one of these is given. This does not mean that the other is n

36、ot equally acceptable. It is recommended that such variants not be given different meanings. A symbol within parentheses implies that it is a reserve symbol, to be used when, in a particular context, the main symbol is in use with a different meaning. In this English edition, the quantity names in F

37、rench are printed in an italic font, and are preceded by fr. The gender of the French name is indicated by (m) for masculine and (f) for feminine, immediately after the noun in the French name. 0.3 Tables of units 0.3.1 General The names of units for the corresponding quantities are given together w

38、ith the international symbols and the definitions. These unit names are language-dependent, but the symbols are international and the same in all languages. For further information, see the SI Brochure (8thedition, 2006) from BIPM and ISO 80000-1. The units are arranged in the following way: a) The

39、coherent SI units are given first. The SI units have been adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures (Confrence Gnrale des Poids et Mesures, CGPM). The coherent SI units and their decimal multiples and submultiples formed with the SI prefixes are recommended, although the decimal mult

40、iples and submultiples are not explicitly mentioned. BS EN ISO 80000-10:2013ISO 80000-10:2013 (E)Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 80000-10:2009ISO 80000-10:

41、2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved viib) Some non-SI units are then given, namely those accepted by the International Committee for Weights and Measures (Comit International des Poids et Mesures, CIPM), or by the International Organization of Legal Metrology (Organisation Internationale de Mtrolog

42、ie Lgale, OIML), or by ISO and IEC, for use with the SI. Such units are separated from the SI units in the item by use of a broken line between the SI units and the other units. c) Non-SI units currently accepted by the CIPM for use with the SI are given in small print (smaller than the text size) i

43、n the “Conversion factors and remarks” column. d) Non-SI units that are not recommended are given only in annexes in some parts of this International Standard. These annexes are informative, in the first place for the conversion factors, and are not integral parts of the standard. These deprecated u

44、nits are arranged in two groups: 1) units in the CGS system with special names; 2) units based on the foot, pound, second, and some other related units. e) Other non-SI units given for information, especially regarding the conversion factors, are given in informative annexes in some parts of this In

45、ternational Standard. 0.3.2 Remark on units for quantities of dimension one, or dimensionless quantities The coherent unit for any quantity of dimension one, also called a dimensionless quantity, is the number one, symbol 1. When the value of such a quantity is expressed, the unit symbol 1 is genera

46、lly not written out explicitly. EXAMPLE 1 Refractive index n = 1,53 1 = 1,53 Prefixes shall not be used to form multiples or submultiples of this unit. Instead of prefixes, powers of 10 are recommended. EXAMPLE 2 Reynolds number Re = 1,32 103Considering that the plane angle is generally expressed as

47、 the ratio of two lengths and the solid angle as the ratio of two areas, in 1995 the CGPM specified that, in the SI, the radian, symbol rad, and steradian, symbol sr, are dimensionless derived units. This implies that the quantities plane angle and solid angle are considered as derived quantities of

48、 dimension one. The units radian and steradian are thus equal to one; they may either be omitted, or they may be used in expressions for derived units to facilitate distinction between quantities of different kind but having the same dimension. 0.4 Numerical statements in this International Standard The sign = is used to denote “is exactly equal to”, the sign is used to denote “is approximately equal to”, and the sign := is used to denote “is by definition equal to”. Numerical values of physical quantities that have been experimentally determined always have an a