BS EN ISO 80000-8-2007 Quantities and units Acoustics《量和单位 声学》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 80000-8:2007Quantities and units Part 8: AcousticsICS 01.060g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Incorporating

2、Corrigendum August 2007BS EN ISO 80000-8:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 62178 930 April 2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 80000-8:2007.It sup

3、ersedes BS ISO 31-7:1992 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary pr

4、ovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publicationCommentsDateIncorporating ISO corrected text August 2007EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO

5、 80000-8June 2007ICS 01.060English VersionQuantities and units - Part 8: Acoustics (ISO 80000-8:2007,corrected 2007-08-15)Grandeurs et units - Partie 8: Acoustique (ISO 80000-8:2007, version corrige 2007-08-15)Gren und Einheiten - Teil 8: Akustik (ISO 80000-8:2007,berichtigt 2007-08-15)This European

6、 Standard was approved by CEN on 3 May 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning s

7、uch nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language

8、 and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembou

9、rg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of

10、exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 80000-8:2007: EBS EN ISO 80000-8:2007 2 Foreword This document (EN ISO 80000-8:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 12 “Quantities, units, symbols, conversion factors“ in collaborati

11、on with Technical Committee CEN/TC 211 “Acoustics“, the secretariat of which is held by DS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2007, and conflicting national standards shall

12、be withdrawn at the latest by December 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, German

13、y, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 80000-8:2007 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 80000-8:2007 withou

14、t any modifications. INTERNATIONALSTANDARDISO80000-8First edition2007-06-01Reference numberISO 80000-8:2007(E) ISO 2007Corrected version2007-08-15Quantities and units Part 8:AcousticsGrandeurs et units Partie 8: AcoustiqueiiiForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a world

15、wide federation of national standards bodies(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISOtechnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has beenestablished has the right to be represented on that

16、 committee. International organizations, governmental andnon-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accor

17、dance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standardsadopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as anInternational Standard requires

18、approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patentrights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 80000-8 was prepared by Technical Com

19、mittee ISO/TC 12, Quantities, units, symbols, conversion factors,in collaboration with IEC/TC 25, Quantities and units, and their letter symbols.This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of ISO 31-7:1992 and ISO 31-7:1992/Amd.1:1998.The major technical changes from the previous stan

20、dards are the following: the presentation of numerical statements has been changed;the special remarks in the Introduction have been changed;the normative references have been changed; some quantities have been added to the list of quantities and some quantities have been deleted.This corrected vers

21、ion of ISO 80000-8:2007 incorporates the following corrections. 0.3.1 e) The sentence was reworded. 8-3.b In the definition, the sign “ ” was replaced by the sign “ ” after “dec”. 8-18 In the definition and in the remarks, the subscript “ ” was deleted.In the definition, “frequency-weighted” was del

22、eted. 8-22 In the definition and in the remarks, the subscript “ ” was deleted.In the definition, “frequency- and time-weighted” was deleted.In the remarks, “, or both” was added at the end of the first line.In the remarks, “and/or specific frequency bands” was changed to “or specific frequency band

23、s orboth” in the second line. 8-23 In the definition, “is” was added after “reference value”. 8-24 In the definition, “is” was added after “reference value”.ISO 80000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part 1: General Part 2: Mathematical signs and symbols

24、 to be used in the natural sciences and technology Part 3: Space and time Part 4: Mechanics= :=fftiv Part 5: Thermodynamics Part 7: Light Part 8: Acoustics Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics Part 11: Characteristic numbers Part 12: Solid state physic

25、sIEC 80000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Quantities and units: Part 6: Electromagnetism Part 13: Information science and technology Part 14: Telebiometrics related to human physiologyvIntroduction0.1 Arrangements of the tablesThe tables of quantities and units in this Inte

26、rnational Standard are arranged so that the quantities arepresented on the left-hand pages and the units on the corresponding right-hand pages.All units between two full lines on the right-hand pages belong to the quantities between the corresponding fulllines on the left-hand pages.Where the number

27、ing of an item has been changed in the revision of a part of ISO 31, the number in thepreceding edition is shown in parentheses on the left-hand page under the new number for the quantity; a dashis used to indicate that the item in question did not appear in the preceding edition.0.2 Tables of quant

28、itiesThe names in English and in French of the most important quantities within the field of this InternationalStandard are given together with their symbols and, in most cases, their definitions. These names and symbolsare recommendations. The definitions are given for identification of the quantit

29、ies in the International System ofQuantities (ISQ), listed on the left hand pages of the table; they are not intended to be complete.The scalar, vectorial or tensorial character of quantities is pointed out, especially when this is needed for thedefinitions.In most cases only one name and only one s

30、ymbol for the quantity are given; where two or more names or twoor more symbols are given for one quantity and no special distinction is made, they are on an equal footing.When two types of italic letters exist (for example as with and ; and ; a and ; g and ) only one of theseis given. This does not

31、 mean that the other is not equally acceptable. It is not recommended to give suchvariants different meanings. A symbol within parentheses implies that it is a reserve symbol, to be used when,in a particular context, the main symbol is in use with a different meaning.In this English edition, the qua

32、ntity names in French are printed in an italic font, and are preceded by fr. Thegender of the French name is indicated by (m) for masculine and (f) for feminine, immediately after the noun inthe French name.0.3 Tables of units0.3.1 GeneralThe names of units for the corresponding quantities are given

33、 together with the international symbols and thedefinitions. These unit names are language-dependent, but the symbols are international and the same in alllanguages. For further information, see the SI Brochure (8thedition 2006) from BIPM and ISO 80000-11).The units are arranged in the following way

34、:a) The coherent SI units are given first. The SI units have been adopted by the General Conference onWeights and Measures (Confrence Gnrale des Poids et Mesures, CGPM). The use of coherent SI units1) To be published. a gviis recommended; decimal multiples and submultiples formed with the SI prefixe

35、s are recommended, eventhough not explicitly mentioned.b) Some non-SI units are then given, being those accepted by the International Committee for Weights andMeasures (Comit International des Poids et Mesures, CIPM), or by the International Organization of LegalMetrology (Organisation International

36、e de Mtrologie Lgale, OIML), or by ISO and IEC, for use with the SI.Such units are separated from the SI units in the item by use of a broken line between the SI units and theother units.c) Non-SI units currently accepted by the CIPM for use with the SI are given in small print (smaller than the tex

37、tsize) in the “Conversion factors and remarks” column.d) Non-SI units that are not recommended are given only in annexes in some parts of this InternationalStandard. These annexes are informative, in the first place for the conversion factors, and are not integralparts of the standard. These depreca

38、ted units are arranged in two groups:1) units in the CGS system with special names;2) units based on the foot, pound, second, and some other related units.e) Other non-SI units are given for information, especially regarding the conversion factors, in informativeannexes in some parts of this Interna

39、tional Standard.0.3.2 Remark on units for quantities of dimension one, or dimensionless quantitiesThe coherent unit for any quantity of dimension one, also called a dimensionless quantity, is the number one,symbol 1. When the value of such a quantity is expressed, the unit symbol 1 is generally not

40、written outexplicitly.EXAMPLE 1 Refractive index Prefixes shall not be used to form multiples or submultiples of this unit. Instead of prefixes, powers of 10 arerecommended.EXAMPLE 2 Reynolds number Considering that plane angle is generally expressed as the ratio of two lengths and solid angle as th

41、e ratio oftwo areas, in 1995 the CGPM specified that, in the SI, the radian, symbol rad, and steradian, symbol sr, aredimensionless derived units. This implies that the quantities plane angle and solid angle are considered asderived quantities of dimension one. The units radian and steradian are thu

42、s equal to one; they may either beomitted, or they may be used in expressions for derived units to facilitate distinction between quantities ofdifferent kinds but having the same dimension.0.4 Numerical statements in this International StandardThe sign is used to denote “is exactly equal to”, the si

43、gn is used to denote “is approximately equal to”, andthe sign is used to denote “is by definition equal to”.Numerical values of physical quantities that have been experimentally determined always have an associatedmeasurement uncertainty. This uncertainty should always be specified. In this Internat

44、ional Standard, themagnitude of the uncertainty is represented as in the following example.EXAMPLEIn this example, , the numerical value of the uncertainty indicated in parentheses is assumed toapply to the last (and least significant) digits of the numerical value of the length . This notation is u

45、sed whenrepresents the standard uncertainty (estimated standard deviation) in the last digits of . The numericalexample given above may be interpreted to mean that the best estimate of the numerical value of the length (when is expressed in the unit metre) is and that the unknown value of is believe

46、d to lie betweenand , with a probability determined by the standarduncertainty and the normal probability distribution of the values of .n = 1,53 1 = 1,53Re = 1,32 103= :=l = 2,347 82(32) ml = a(b) m ba lb all 2,347 82, l(2,347 82 0,000 32) m (2,347 82 + 0,000 32) m0,000 32 m lvii0.5 Special remarks

47、0.5.1 GeneralIn the explanations in the “Definition” column for quantities, it is assumed that systems are linear and that non-linear effects and effects due to anisotropy and superimposed flow are sufficiently small, that they may beneglected. Root-mean-square values may be indicated by the subscri

48、pt “eff”.0.5.2 Remark on logarithmic quantities and their unitsQuantities are independent of the choice of units in which the values of the quantities are expressed. Derivedunits are expressed in terms of base units according to the equations between the corresponding quantities. Instrict quantity c

49、alculus, it is therefore a circular definition if a unit is included in the definition of a quantity. Thiscould, however, be done if the unit is defined elsewhere. In most practical applications in acoustics, logarithmicquantities are defined as expressed in the unit decibel, dB. This practice is applied in ISO 80000-8. For thefundamental definitions of logarithmic quantities, see ISO 80000-3:2006, items 3-21 and 3-22.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD1Quantities and units Part 8:Acoustics1ScopeISO 80000-8 gives names, symbols and definitions