BS EN ISO 8289-2001 Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Low voltage test for detecting and locating defects《釉瓷和搪瓷 检测和确定缺陷位置的低电压试验》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 8289:2001 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Vitreous and porcelain enamels Low voltage test for detecting and locating defects The European Standard EN 8289:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.220.50 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYR

2、IGHT LAWBS EN ISO 8289:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Policy and Strategy Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 5 September 2001 BSI 8 November 2001 ISBN 0 580 381

3、34 X National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 8289:2001. It is identical with ISO 8289:2000. It supersedes BS 1344-20:1987 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/36, Vitreous enamel coatin

4、gs, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalog

5、ue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their cor

6、rect application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests in

7、formed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 3 and a back c

8、over. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 13557 Incorporating Corrigendum No.1 8 November 2001 Insertion of corrected EN ISO foreword pageEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENO

9、RM ENISO8289 August2001 ICS25.220.50 Englishversion VitreousandporcelainenamelsLowvoltagetestfordetecting andlocatingdefects(ISO8289:2000) EmauxvitrifisEssaibassetensionpourladtectionet lalocalisationdesdfauts(ISO8289:2000) EmailsundEmaillierungenNiedrigspannungsprfungzum NachweisundLokalisierenvonF

10、ehlstellen(ISO 8289:2000) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon24June2001. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings u

11、chnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamesta

12、tusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISA

13、TION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2001CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO8289:2001ECORRECTED20010926 Foreword ThetextoftheInternationalStandardfromTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC107“Metallicand

14、otherinorganiccoatings“oftheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)hasbeen takenoverasanEuropeanStandardbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC262“Metallicand otherinorganiccoatings“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyBSI. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublication ofanid

15、enticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyFebruary2002,andconflictingnational standardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyFebruary2002 . AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsof thefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium, CzechRepubli

16、c,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnited Kingdom. Endorsementnotice ThetextoftheInternationalStandardISO8289:2000hasbeenapprovedbyCENasa EuropeanStandardwithoutanymodification. ENISO8289:2001 INTERNATIO

17、NAL STANDARD ISO 8289 Second edition 2000-08-01 Reference number ISO 8289:2000(E) Vitreous and porcelain enamels Low voltage test for detecting and locating defects maux vitrifis Essai basse tension pour la dtection et la localisation des dfauts ENISO8289:2001 ii ENISO8289:2001 iii Foreword ISO (the

18、 International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical com- mittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical commit

19、tee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liai- son with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrote

20、chnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires appro

21、val by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 82

22、89 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8289:1986), which has been technically revised. ENISO8289:2001 ENISO8289:2001 ANRETNIITOLAN TSDNADRA ISO 8280002:9)E( 1 Vitreous and porcelain ena

23、mels Low voltage test for detecting and locating defects 1 Scope This International Standard specifies two low voltage tests for detecting and locating defects that extend to the basis metal in vitreous and porcelain enamel coatings. Method A (electrical) is suitable for the rapid detection and dete

24、rmination of the general location of defects. Method B (optical), based on colour effects, is suitable for the more precise detection of defects and their exact locations. Method A is commonly applied to flat surfaces, whereas method B is preferred for more intricate shapes. NOTE 1 Selection of the

25、correct test method is critical to distinguish the areas of increased conductivity detected by method B from actual pores that extend to the basis metal, which can be detected by both methods. NOTE 2 The low voltage test is a non-destructive method of detecting defects (see clause 3) and therefore,

26、is completely differ- ent from the high voltage test specified in ISO 2746. The results of high and low voltage tests are not comparable and will differ. 2 Normative reference The following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this In

27、ternational Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publica- tions do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investi- gate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative do

28、cument indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain reg- isters of currently valid International Standards. IEC 60086-2, Primary batteries Part 2: Specification sheets. 3 Term and definition For the purpose

29、s of this International Standard, the following term and definition applies. 3.1 defect pore, crack or spall that penetrates or extends to the basis metal NOTE In certain areas, defects may be unavoidable being caused during the production of the article, e.g., burnishing tool marks. 4 Principle Def

30、ects are detected by an electrical or electroacoustical method (method A) or an optical one (method B) based on colour effects. Testing is carried out at a low voltage, contact being made with the defect by means of a conductive solution. 5 Test reagent Dissolve sodium nitrite (NaNO 2 ) in of tap wa

31、ter and add 2 drops of a liquid dishwashing deter- gent. 3,0 g 0,1 g 100 ml ENISO8289:2001 2 If the defects are to be made visible by means of colour effects (method B), add of phenolphthalein ethanolic so- lution having a mass fraction of phenolphthalein. WARNING Care should be taken when using the

32、 sodium nitrite and phenolphthalein solution. Instead of sodium nitrite, other water soluble salts may be used provided that the article shall not be re-enamelled after testing. The salt solution shall be used in such an amount that the alternative test reagent has a conductivity of and a pH value o

33、f . 6 Apparatus 6.1 Method A 6.1.1 Power source The power source for method A shall consist of a battery device with an accuracy of . For example, a tran- sistor battery, 6 F 100, as specified in IEC 60086-2, is suitable. 6.1.2 Test electrode The test electrode for method A consists of a sponge made

34、 of plastic, cellulose or similar material. For rough scan- ning of large enamelled surfaces, test electrodes with an area of not greater than shall be used. Any defects that are detected shall then be more precisely located using a test electrode with an area of about or by using an edge or corner

35、of the larger electrode. 6.1.3 Measuring instrument A sensitive microammeter or an electronic circuit that produces an acoustical signal that indicates when the electrical resistance of the vitreous enamel drops below shall be used to detect and locate defects in the coat- ing. 6.2 Method B 6.2.1 Po

36、wer source The power source for method B shall consist of a source of direct voltage (d.c. voltage), . Alternatively, a voltage divider, or three transistor radio batteries, 6 F 100, as specified in IEC 60086-2, connected in series may be employed. 6.2.2 Test electrode Wet paper, for example, kitche

37、n tissue, with an area of at least , shall be used as the test electrode for method B. 7 Test specimen The test specimen may be a commercial item, a part thereof or a sample plate especially prepared for this test. In any case, the test specimen shall have an uncovered (not enamelled) area of metal

38、for contact with the negative electrode. The test specimen shall be cleaned with a detergent solution, rinsed with tap water and dried by dabbing with a sheet of cloth or paper. When the specimen is tested within of firing, cleaning with detergent solution is not necessary. The enamel coating shall

39、have a temperature not greater than . 4ml 0,5 % 35 mS 3mS 7,5 1 9V 1V 100 cm 2 1cm 2 90 k 9k 24 V 4V 500 cm 2 24 h 30 C ENISO8289:2001 3 8 Procedure 8.1 Electrical detection (method A) Mark the area to be tested by using a felt tip marker or adhesive tape. Connect the basis metal of the test specime

40、n to the negative pole of the power source (6.1.1). Then connect the test electrode, the sponge (6.1.2), with the positive pole of the power source (6.1.1). Soak the test electrode with the test reagent (see clause 5). Check the electrical connection between the apparatus of 6.1.1, 6.1.2, and 6.1.3

41、by touching the basis metal with the test electrode. The connection is correct if the measuring instrument (6.1.3) gives an indication. Progressively scan the total enamelled test area while moving the test electrode at a speed not greater than . Count the number of electrical signals and locate the

42、 defects. 8.2 Optical detection (method B) Mark the test area by using a felt tip marker or adhesive tape. Connect the basis metal of the test specimen to the negative pole of the power source (6.2.1). Then connect the test electrode, the wet paper (6.2.2), with the positive pole of the power source

43、 (6.2.1). Soak the test electrode (6.2.2) with the test reagent (see clause 5) and apply it, without air inclusions, to the test area. Switch on the power source (6.2.1) and switch it off after . Within of switching it off, count the number of defects. Each defect will be indicated by a red coloured

44、 spot visible on the test electrode (6.2.2). 9 Expression of results Calculate the number of defects per square metre with the following equation: where is the number of defects per square metre; is the number of detected defects; i sthetes tare ainsq u arem etre s . 10 Test report The test report s

45、hall contain the following information: a) reference to this International Standard; b) the test method used; i.e., method A or method B; c) the identification of the article tested; d) the number of defects per square metre; e) if applicable, a record of the location of the defects; f) the test rea

46、gent; g) the date the test was made. 0,2 m/s 2 min 1 min N = S A N S A ENISO8289:2001 BS EN ISO 8289:2001 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards

47、in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of ou

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