BS EN ISO 9241-6-2000 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Guidance on the work environment《具有可视显示终端(VDTs)的办公室工作的人类工效学要求 工作环境指南》.pdf

1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 9241-6:2000 The

2、 European Standard EN ISO 9241-6:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.180; 35.180 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 6: Guidance on the work environmentThis British Standa

3、rd, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 March 2000 BSI 03-2000 ISBN 0 580 35902 6 BS EN ISO 9241-6:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comm

4、ents National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 9241-6:1999. It is identical with ISO 9241-6:1999. It supersedes BS 7179-6:1990 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PH/9, Ergonomics, to Subcom

5、mittee PH/9/6, User system interfaces, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international an

6、d European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include an annex which lists normative references to inter

7、national publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement these international or European publications may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facil

8、ity of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligat

9、ions. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO forword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 32, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the docume

10、nt was last issued.EN ISO 9241-6:1999A Referencenumbe r ISO92416:1999(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 92416 Firstedition 19991201 Ergonomicrequirementsforofficework withvisualdisplayterminals(VDTs) Part6: Guidanceontheworkenvironment Exigencesergonomiquespourtravaildebureauavecterminauxcrans devisuali

11、sation(TEV) Partie6:Guidegnralrelatiflenvironnementdetravail EN ISO 9241-6:1999)E(9991:61429OSI ii Contents 1Scop e1 2Normativereference s1 3Termsanddefinition s.2 4Generalguidingprinciple s.5 5Guidanceonnaturalandartificiallightin g5 6Guidanceonsoundandnois e.8 7Guidanceonmechanicalvibration s9 8Gu

12、idanceonelectromagneticfieldsandstaticelectricit y10 9Guidanceonthermalenvironmen t12 10Guidanceonspaceorganizationandworkplacelayou t13 AnnexA (informative) Lighting15 AnnexB (informative) Methodsformeasuringandevaluatingsoun d23 AnnexC (informative) Measurements,evaluationandassessmentofwholebodyv

13、ibration s28 AnnexD (informative) Thermalenvironmen t29 Bibliography31 EN ISO 9241-6:1999OSI )E(9991:61429OSI iii Foreword ISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISO memberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedout

14、throughISOtechnical committees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhas therighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnongovernmental,in liaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectro

15、technical Commission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization. InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3. DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodiesforvoting. PublicationasanInternationalStandardre

16、quiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote. InternationalStandardISO 92416waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC 159, Ergonomics,Sub Committee SC4,Ergonomicsofhumansysteminteraction , Working GroupWG3, Control,workplaceand environmentalrequirements . ISO9241consistsofthefollowingparts,un

17、derthegeneraltitle Ergonomicrequirementsforofficeworkwithvisual displayterminals(VDTs) : Part1:Generalintroduction Part2:Guidanceontaskrequirements Part3:Visualdisplayrequirements Part4:Keyboardrequirements Part5:Workstationlayoutandposturalrequirements Part6:Guidanceontheworkenvironment Part7:Requi

18、rementsfordisplaywithreflections Part8:Requirementsfordisplayedcolours Part9:Requirementsfornonkeyboardinputdevices Part10:Dialogueprinciples Part11:Guidanceonusability Part12:Presentationofinformation Part13:Userguidance Part14:Menudialogues Part15:Commanddialogues Part16:Directmanipulationdialogue

19、s Part17:Formfillingdialogues AnnexesAtoDofthispartofISO9241areforinformationonly. EN ISO 9241-6:1999)E(9991:61429OSI OSI iv Introduction ThispartofISO9241appliestoworksystemsasdefinedinISO6385withvisualdisplayterminals(VDTs)as describedinISO92411.OfficeworkwithVDTscanbeperformedinvariousenvironment

20、s.Theseenvironments caninfluenceboththecomfortandperformanceoftheuser.Inaddition,theworkenvironmentcanbeinfluencedby specificcharacteristicsoftheVDTsandrelatedequipment(forexample,printers,computers). ThispartofISO9241hasbeenpreparedtogiveguidanceonthedeterminationofenvironmentalconditionswhich enha

21、nceusercomfortandperformance.Enhancingtheinteractionbetweenusersandenvironmentsoftenrequires awellbalancedtradeoff.Forthisreason,thispartofISO9241providesguidingprinciplesasgenericgoals,basic aspectsforeachitem(forexample,lighting,noise)andgivesguidanceondevelopingintegratedsolutionsunder givencircu

22、mstances(forexample,methodsofcontrollingtheacousticenvironmentforagiventaskandagiven environment). EN ISO 9241-6:1999DRADNATSLANOITANRETNI OSI )E(9991:61429OSI 1 Ergonomicrequirementsforofficeworkwithvisualdisplay terminals(VDTs) Part6: Guidanceontheworkenvironment 1Scope ThispartofISO9241providesgu

23、idanceonbasicprinciplesfortheergonomicdesignoftheworkenvironmentand theworkstation,takingintoaccountlighting,effectsofnoiseandmechanicalvibrations,electricalandmagnetic fieldsandstaticelectricity,thermalenvironment,spaceorganizationandworkplacelayout. ThispartofISO9241isapplicabletotheworkenvironmen

24、tandworkstationinthoseworksystemswhereavisual displayterminal(VDT)isusedforofficework. However,thispartofISO9241doesnotspecifythetechnicalcharacteristicsoftheequipmentneededtosatisfy thoseequipmentrelatedguidelinesassociatedwiththeworkenvironment. 2Normative references Thefollowingnormativedocuments

25、containprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsof thispartofISO9241.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentsto,orrevisionsof,anyofthesepublications donotapply.However,partiestoagreementsbasedonthispartofISO9241areencouragedtoinvestigatethe possibilityofapplyingthemostrecentedit

26、ionsofthenormativedocumentsindicatedbelow.Forundated references,thelatesteditionofthenormativedocumentreferredtoapplies.MembersofISOandIECmaintain registersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards. ISO19961, AcousticsDescriptionandmeasurementofenvironmentalnoisePart1:Basicquantitiesand procedures. ISO

27、26311, EvaluationofhumanexposuretowholebodyvibrationPart1:Generalrequirements. ISO26312, EvaluationofhumanexposuretowholebodyvibrationPart2:Continuousandshockinduced vibrationinbuildings(1to80Hz). ISO5349, MechanicalvibrationGuidelinesforthemeasurementandtheassessmentofhumanexposuresto handtransmitt

28、edvibration. ISO6385, Ergonomicprinciplesinthedesignofworksystems . ISO7730:1994, ModeratethermalenvironmentsDeterminationofthePMVandPPDindicesandspecificationof theconditionsforthermalcomfort . ISO8995:1989, PrinciplesofvisualergonomicsThelightingofindoorworksystems . EN ISO 9241-6:1999)E(9991:6142

29、9OSI OSI 2 ISO92413:1992, Ergonomicrequirementsforofficeworkwithvisualdisplayterminals(VDTs)Part3:Visual displayrequirements . ISO92417, Ergonomicrequirementsforofficeworkwithvisualdisplayterminals(VDTs)Part7:Requirements fordisplaywithreflections . ISO9612,Acoustics Guidelinesforthemeasurementandas

30、sessmentofexposuretonoiseinaworking environment. ISO116901:1996,Acoustics Recommendedpracticeforthedesignoflownoiseworkplacescontaining machineryPart1:Noisecontrolstrategies . IEC6100042:1995, Electromagneticcompatibility(EMC)Part 4:Testingandmeasurementtechniques Section2:Electrostaticdischargeimmu

31、nitytest . IEC6100048:1993, Electromagneticcompatibility(EMC)Part 4:Testingandmeasurementtechniques Section8,Powerfrequencymagneticfieldimmunitytest. 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthispartofISO9241,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninISO6385,ISO19961,ISO116901 andthefollowingapply. 3.1 adaptation,v

32、isual processbywhichthestateofthevisualsystemismodifiedbypreviousandpresentexposuretostimulithatmay havevariousluminances,spectraldistributionsandangularsubtenses IEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450207 3.2 clothinginsulation resistanceofaclothingensembletodryheatlossfromthebody(convection,radiation,conductio

33、n) NOTE AdaptedfromISO9920:1995. 3.3 colourrendering effectofanilluminantonthecolourappearanceofobjectsbyconsciousorsubconsciouscomparisonwiththe appearanceunderareferenceilluminant IEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450259 3.4 colourrenderingindex R a meanoftheCIE1974specialcolourrenderingindicesforaspecifieds

34、etofeighttestcoloursamples IEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450263 3.5 colourtemperature thetemperatureofaPlanckianradiatorwhoseradiationhasthesamechromaticityasthatofagivenstimulus IEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450349 3.6 draughtrating percentageofpeoplepredictedtobebotheredwithdraught ISO7730:1994 EN ISO 9241-6:19

35、99OSI )E(9991:61429OSI 3 3.7 flicker impressionofunsteadinessofvisualsensationinducedbyalightstimuluswhoseluminanceorspectraldistribution fluctuateswithtime IEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450249 3.8 generallighting substantiallyuniformlightingofanareawithoutprovisionforspeciallocalrequirements IEC60050(845)

36、:1987,IEC8450906 NOTE Generallightingcanbethoughtofasthelightingofaroomtoachieveapproximatelythesamevisualconditionsat allplacesintheroom. 3.9 glare conditionofvisioninwhichthereisdiscomfortorareductionintheabilitytoseedetailsorobjects,causedbyan unsuitabledistributionorrangeofluminance,ortoextremec

37、ontrasts IEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450252 3.10 glarebyreflection glareproducedbyreflections,particularlywhenreflectedimagesappearinthesameornearlythesamedirection astheobjectviewed IEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450254 3.11 illuminance (atapointofasurface),thequotientoftheluminousflux(d F v )incidentonanelemen

38、tofthesurfacecontainingthe point,bythearea(d A)ofthatelement IEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450138 3.12 lighting,localized lightingdesignedtoilluminateanareawithahigherilluminanceatcertainspecifiedpositions,forinstancethoseat whichworkiscarriedout IEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450908 3.13 luminancebalance ratiobet

39、weentheluminancesofthedisplayedimageanditsadjacentsurround,orsequentiallyviewedsurfaces NOTE Adaptedfromthedefinitionof“luminance”giveninIEC60050(845):1987,IEC8450135. 3.14 meanradianttemperature uniformtemperatureofanimaginaryenclosureinwhichradiantheattransferfromthehumanbodyisequaltothe radianthe

40、attransferintheactualnonuniformenclosure ISO7726:1998 3.15 operativetemperature uniformtemperatureofaradiantlyblackenclosureinwhichanoccupantwouldexchangethesameamountofheat byradiationplusconvectionasinthenaturalnonuniformenvironment NOTE AdaptedfromISO7726:1998. EN ISO 9241-6:1999)E(9991:61429OSI

41、OSI 4 3.16 predictedmeanvote PMV indexthatpredictsthemeanvalueofthevotesofalargegroupofpersonsona7pointthermalsensationscale ISO7730:1994 3.17 predictedpercentageofdissatisfied PPD indexthatpredictsthemeanvalueofthethermalvotesofalargegroupofpeopleexposedtothesameenvironment asaquantitativepredictio

42、nofthenumberofthermallydissatisfiedpeople NOTE AdaptedfromISO7730:1994. 3.18 radianttemperatureasymmetry differencebetweentheplaneradianttemperatureofthetwooppositesidesofasmallplaneelement ISO7726:1998 3.19 ratinglevel LAR equivalentcontinuousAweightedsoundpressurelevelduringaspecifiedtimeintervalp

43、lusadjustmentfortonal characterandimpulsiveness NOTE AdjustmentfortonalcharacterDL T =0,5dBaccordingtosubjectiveassessments.Impulsivenessisspecifiedonlyif DL I = L IAeq - L Aeq 2dB,bothaccordingtoISO116901. 3.20 relativehumidity ratiobetweenthepartialpressureofwatervapourinhumidairandthewatervapours

44、aturationpressureatthe sametemperatureandthesametotalpressure ISO7726:1998 3.21 reverberation continuationofasoundinanenclosedspaceafterthesourcehasstopped;aresultofreflectionsfromtheboundary surfacesoftheroom 3.22 turbulenceintensity ratioofthestandarddeviationofthelocalairvelocitytothelocalmeanairvelocity ISO7730:1994 3.23 workplace arrangementofworkstationsallocatedtoonepersontoc