1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationNuclear power plants Instrumentation and control important to safety Electrical equipment condition monitoring methodsPart 1: GeneralBS IEC/IEEE 62582-1:2011National forewordThis
2、 British Standard is the UK implementation of IEC/IEEE 62582-1:2011. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteeNCE/8, Reactor instrumentation.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not
3、purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 71958 5 ICS 27.120.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of th
4、e Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2012.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS IEC/IEEE 62582-1:2011IEC/IEEE 62582-1 Edition 1.0 2011-08 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Nuclear power plants Instrumentation and control important to safety Electric
5、al equipment condition monitoring methods Part 1: General Centrales nuclaires de puissance Instrumentation et contrle-commande importants pour la sret Mthodes de surveillance de ltat des matriels lectriques Partie 1: Gnralits N ICS 27.120.20 ISBN 978-2-88912-668-2 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMM
6、ISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE PRICE CODE CODE PRIX NORME INTERNATIONALE BS IEC/IEEE 62582-1:2011 2 62582-1 IEC/IEEE:2011 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 3 INTRODUCTION . 5 1 Scope and object 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Condition indicators 8 4.1 General . 8 4.2
7、 Chemical indicators . 9 4.3 Physical indicators 9 4.4 Electrical indicators . 9 4.5 Miscellaneous Indicators . 9 5 Applicability of condition indicators to different types of organic materials 9 6 Destructive and non-destructive condition monitoring . 10 7 Application of condition monitoring in equ
8、ipment qualification and management of ageing 10 7.1 General . 10 7.2 Use of condition monitoring in the establishment of qualified life . 10 7.2.1 Establishment of qualified life 10 7.2.2 Determination of acceleration factor in accelerated thermal ageing 10 7.3 Use of condition monitoring in the ex
9、tension of qualified life 12 7.4 Use of condition monitoring in the establishment and assessment of qualified condition . 12 7.5 Use of baseline data 13 Bibliography 14 Figure 1 Example of an Arrhenius diagram. 11 Figure 2 Influence of activation energy on qualified life, determined from artificial
10、thermal ageing for 42 days at 110 C, followed by simulated design basis event . 12 Figure 3 Illustration of condition-based qualification . 13 BS IEC/IEEE 62582-1:201162582-1 IEC/IEEE:2011 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL IMPORTANT TO SAF
11、ETY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CONDITION MONITORING METHODS Part 1: General FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote interna
12、tional co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter
13、referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participat
14、e in this preparation. IEEE Standards documents are developed within IEEE Societies and Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. IEEE develops its standards through a consensus development process, approved by the American National Standards Inst
15、itute, which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the final product. Volunteers are not necessarily members of IEEE and serve without compensation. While IEEE administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the consensus development
16、process, IEEE does not independently evaluate, test, or verify the accuracy of any of the information contained in its standards. Use of IEEE Standards documents is wholly voluntary. IEEE documents are made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers (see http:/standards.iee
17、e.org/IPR/disclaimers.html for more information). IEC collaborates closely with IEEE in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. This Dual Logo International Standard was jointly developed by the IEC and IEEE under the terms of that agreement. 2) The formal d
18、ecisions of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. The formal decisions of IEEE on technical matters, once consensus within
19、IEEE Societies and Standards Coordinating Committees has been reached, is determined by a balanced ballot of materially interested parties who indicate interest in reviewing the proposed standard. Final approval of the IEEE standards document is given by the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Stan
20、dards Board. 3) IEC/IEEE Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees/IEEE Societies in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC/IEEE Publications is accurate, IEC or IEEE cannot b
21、e held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications (including IEC/IEEE Publications) transparently to the maximum extent possible in their nat
22、ional and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC/IEEE Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC and IEEE do not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessme
23、nt services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC and IEEE are not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or IEEE or their
24、 directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of technical committees and IEC National Committees, or volunteers of IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board, for any personal injury, prop
25、erty damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC/IEEE Publication or any other IEC or IEEE Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the normative referen
26、ces cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that implementation of this IEC/IEEE Publication may require use of material covered by patent rights. By publication of this s
27、tandard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. IEC or IEEE shall not be held responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Pa
28、tent Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any pa
29、tent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. BS IEC/IEEE 62582-1:2011 4 62582-1 IEC/IEEE:2011 International Standard IEC/IEEE 62582-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 45A: Instrumentation and control of nuclear facilities, of IEC technical committe
30、e 45: Nuclear instrumentation, in cooperation with the Nuclear Power Engineering Committee of the Power however, it is often BS IEC/IEEE 62582-1:201162582-1 IEC/IEEE:2011 9 difficult to perform these types of measurements directly in the field with the required degree of repeatability and accuracy.
31、In organic materials, ageing occurs that may adversely impact the important safety function through a range of chemical reactions, including chain scission and cross-linking, which alter the polymeric structure. For condition monitoring programs, it becomes imperative to find methods that, either di
32、rectly or indirectly, follow the progress of these reactions. A large number of methods exist to perform this task, which makes it difficult to provide an overview of each individual technique. Instead, this standard will focus on general groups of methods. The overall description of these groups is
33、 provided below. 4.2 Chemical indicators As mentioned above, the degradation mechanism for organic materials follows from a series of chemical reactions in which the chemical structure of the polymer is altered. The progressive change in the chemistry of the material provides an opportunity to monit
34、or the degradation throughout its ageing. Numerous techniques exist to perform this task, some which monitor the polymer chain degradation itself and others which monitor side reactions which are related to the degradation. 4.3 Physical indicators Another key family of indicators includes techniques
35、 which monitor the materials physical properties. The degradation of organic materials manifests itself in changes to these physical properties (i.e. tensile strength, elongation, and hardness). By measuring these physical characteristics, it is possible to create a correlation with the aged conditi
36、on of the material. 4.4 Electrical indicators A third category of techniques involves measuring electrical properties of the materials. Many of these techniques were developed for polymeric materials used in electrical insulation. Within this family there are two basic subsets of methods. The first
37、subset involves measuring the dielectric properties of the materials. A second subset of methods monitors the electrical response of systems under normal operation. In these cases, a signal is passed through the electrical system and any changes from baseline are detected. These changes could be sig
38、ns of degradation, whether through ageing or through physical damage. 4.5 Miscellaneous Indicators As new technologies are developed and implemented, it becomes necessary to develop condition monitoring methods to keep pace. As such, some methods are developed specifically for certain types of mater
39、ials. 5 Applicability of condition indicators to different types of organic materials There is currently no single condition monitoring method which is suitable for all organic or polymeric materials. A basic requirement for inclusion in a part of IEC/IEEE 62582 is that the condition indicators are
40、sensitive to the effects of ageing. An important characteristic of a useful condition indicator is that it shows a trend that changes monotonically with degradation and can be correlated with the safety related performance. An indicator that does not change for a long time and then suddenly undergoe
41、s drastic changes is not useful for prognostic applications. This can be the case with mechanical condition monitoring on semi-crystalline materials, e.g. cross-linked polyethylene and thermosetting resins, dependant on the formulation. BS IEC/IEEE 62582-1:2011 10 62582-1 IEC/IEEE:2011 Information o
42、n the applicability of various condition indicators to different polymeric materials used in instrument and control equipments in nuclear power plants can be found in NUREG/CR-7000 and in IAEA-TECDOC-1188, see Bibliography. 6 Destructive and non-destructive condition monitoring A condition monitorin
43、g method may be considered destructive or non-destructive, depending on whether the measurement or the sampling of material used for the measurement will affect operability or future ageing. Non-destructive use of condition monitoring is preferable in field measurements but with presently available
44、methods it is limited to a few types of equipment, mainly cables, where the parts of the equipment of interest are accessible in the field. In other cases deposited samples or samples which can be replaced are needed to allow condition monitoring. If deposited samples are available or where componen
45、ts can be replaced, a broader range of condition monitoring methods can be considered, including destructive methods. In this case, condition monitoring can be applied to all types of equipment where the ageing material normally organic materials used for electrical insulation, sealing etc. can be a
46、ccessed. 7 Application of condition monitoring in equipment qualification and management of ageing 7.1 General Condition monitoring as part of qualification and management of ageing of electrical equipment in nuclear power plants can have one or a combination of the following aims : determination of
47、 acceleration factors for the establishment of qualified life from artificial laboratory ageing; extension of qualified life; establishment of qualified condition; periodic assessment of equipment condition after installation for comparison with qualified condition. Condition monitoring can also be
48、used for determining whether the degradation of age sensitive materials in equipment is within specific limits. These limits are those for which it has been established that the effects on operability in specified service conditions and design basis events are negligible. 7.2 Use of condition monito
49、ring in the establishment of qualified life 7.2.1 Establishment of qualified life The qualified life of an equipment is generally established by accelerated ageing of samples in a laboratory, followed by verification of their capability to function within acceptance criteria during a simulated design basis event. The acceleration factor is the ratio between the rate of degradation under the laboratory simulation and in normal operating conditions in the field. Condition monitoring i
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