BS ISO 10110-2-1996 Optics and optical instruments - Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems - Material imperfections - Stress birefringence《光学及光学仪器 光学元件和系统图纸的制备 第.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 10110-2:1996 Implementation of ISO 10110-2:1996 Optics and optical instruments Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems Part 2: Material imperfections Stress birefringence ICS 37.020BSISO10110-2:1996 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direct

2、ionof the Consumer Products and Services Sector Board, was published under theauthority of the StandardsBoard and comes intoeffect on 15 July 1996 BSI 09-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CPW/172 Draft for comment 92/49395 DC ISBN 0 580 25976

3、5 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CPW/172, Optics and optical instruments, upon which the following bodies were represented: AEA Technology Association of Industrial Laser Users British Computer Society Br

4、itish Measurement and Testing Association College of Optometrists Department of Trade and Industry (Eureka 643) Department of Trade and Industry (National Physical Laboratory) Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Flat Glass Manufacturers Association Institute of Physics Ministry of

5、Defence Scottish Optoelectronics Association Sira Limited Society of British Aerospace Companies Limited United Kingdom Laser and Electro-optic Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO10110-2:1996 BSI 09-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cove

6、r National foreword ii Foreword iii Text of ISO 10110-2 1BSISO10110-2:1996 ii BSI 09-1999 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO10110-2:1996 and implements it as the UK national standard. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Consumer Products and Ser

7、vices Sector Board whose Technical Committee CPW/172 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and Europea

8、n developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from Customer Services, BSI, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W44AL. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of

9、British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 an

10、d 2, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BSISO10110-2:1996 ii BSI 09-1999 Contents Page Foreword iii 1 Scope 1 2 Definition 1 3 Per

11、missible stress birefringence 1 4 Indication in drawings 1 5 Example 1 Annex A (informative) Birefringence tolerance 2 Annex B (informative) Bibliography Inside back cover Figure 1 Example of stress birefringence tolerance indication 1 Table A.1 Examples of birefringence tolerances and typical appli

12、cations 2BSISO10110-2:1996 BSI 09-1999 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member

13、 body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Elect

14、rotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least75% of the member bodies casting a

15、vote. International Standard ISO10110-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC172, Optics and optical instruments, Subcommittee SC1, Fundamental standards. ISO 10110 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and optical instruments Preparation of drawings for optical elemen

16、ts and systems: Part 1: General; Part 2: Material imperfections Stress birefringence; Part 3: Material imperfections Bubbles and inclusions; Part 4: Material imperfections Inhomogeneity and striae; Part 5: Surface form tolerances; Part 6: Centring tolerances; Part 7: Surface imperfection tolerances;

17、 Part 8: Surface texture; Part 9: Surface treatment and coating; Part 10: Table representing data of a lens element; Part 11: Non-toleranced data; Part 12: Aspheric surfaces; Part 13: Laser irradiation damage threshold. Annex A andAnnex B of this part of ISO10110 are for information only.iv blankBSI

18、SO10110-2:1996 BSI 09-1999 1 1 Scope ISO 10110 specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. This part of ISO10110 specifies the indication of the tolerance for stress birefringence in op

19、tical elements made of isotropic material. 2 Definition For the purposes of this part of ISO 10110, the following definition applies. 2.1 stress birefringence the result of residual stresses within a glass blank following differential cooling during the forming and/or annealing process, or of certai

20、n fabrication processes carried out on the optical element NOTE 1The birefringence produces a difference in index of refraction in the glass for light polarized parallel or perpendicular to the residual stress. This can affect the wavefront quality or optical path difference of the light transmitted

21、 by the optical element. 3 Permissible stress birefringence The optical path difference (OPD) %s between orthogonal polarizations of transmitted light over the thickness of the sample is a measure of birefringence. It is given in nanometres by %s = a K where The residual stress-induced birefringence

22、 is specified in terms of optical path difference per unit path length, in nanometres per centimetre. A retardation of more than20nm/cm sample thickness generally corresponds to “coarse” annealed glass while a retardation of less than10nm/cm sample thickness refers to a “fine” anneal and is usually

23、specified for precision optical elements. 4 Indication in drawings 4.1 The specification of the tolerance for stress birefringence is given by a code number, and a value for the maximum permissible OPD per unit path length. 4.2 The code number for stress birefringence is 0 (zero). 4.3 The indication

24、 is given in the form: 0/A. 4.4 A is the maximum permissible stress birefringence in nanometres per centimetre of optical path length. 4.5 The indication shall be entered near the optical element to which it refers. If necessary, the indication may be connected to the element by a leader. It should

25、be preferably associated with the other indications of material imperfections (bubbles, inhomogeneity, and striae; see ISO10110-3 and ISO10110-4). (Examples are given in clause5 and in ISO 10110-1:1996, Annex A.) Alternatively, for lens elements, the indication may be given in a table in accordance

26、with ISO10110-10. 5 Example (see also ISO10110-1:1996, Annex A) Figure 1 shows, as an example, the indication of a maximum permissible stress birefringence of10nm/cm for a lens element. a is the sample path length, in centimetres; is the residual stress, in newtons per square millimetre; K is the di

27、fference between the photoelastic constants, in units of 10 7square millimetres per newton (10 7mm 2 N 1 ). Figure 1 Example of stress birefringence tolerance indicationBSISO10110-2:1996 2 BSI 09-1999 Annex A (informative) Birefringence tolerance This annex does not define rules for the selection of

28、 tolerances. Table A.1 gives examples of birefringence tolerances with corresponding typical applications. Table A.1 Examples of birefringence tolerances and typical applications Permissible optical path difference (OPD) per cm glass path Typical applications 2 nm/cm Polarisation instruments Interfe

29、rence instruments 5 nm/cm Precision optics Astronomical optics 10 nm/cm Photographic optics Microscope optics 20 nm/cm Magnifying glasses View finder optics Without requirement Illumination opticsBSISO10110-2:1996 BSI 09-1999 Annex B (informative) Bibliography 1 ISO 10110-1:1996, Optics and optical

30、instruments Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems Part 1: General. 2 ISO 10110-3:1996, Optics and optical instruments Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems Part 3: Material imperfections Bubbles and inclusions. 3 ISO 10110-4:, Optics and optical instruments Prep

31、aration of drawings for optical elements and systems Part 4: Material imperfections Inhomogeneity and striae 1) . 1) To be published.BS ISO 10110-2:1996 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStand

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