BS ISO 10110-3-1996 Optics and optical instruments - Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems - Material imperfections - Bubbles and inclusions《光学及光学仪器 光学元件和系统图纸的制备.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 10110-3:1996 Implementation of ISO 10110-3:1996 Optics and optical instruments Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems Part 3: Material imperfections Bubbles and inclusions ICS 37.020BSISO10110-3:1996 This British Standard, having been prepared under the dire

2、ctionof the Consumer Products and Services Sector Board, was published under theauthority of the StandardsBoard and comes into effect on 15July1996 BSI 09-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CPW/172 Draft for comment 92/49396 DC ISBN 0 580 25977

3、 3 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CPW/172, Optics and optical instruments, upon which the following bodies were represented: AEA Technology Association of Industrial Laser Users British Computer Society B

4、ritish Measurement and Testing Association College of Optometrists Department of Trade and Industry (Eureka 643) Department of Trade and Industry (National Physical Laboratory) Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Flat Glass Manufacturers Association Institute of Physics Ministry of

5、 Defence Scottish Optoelectronics Association Sira Limited Society of British Aerospace Companies Limited United Kingdom Laser and Electro-optic Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO10110-3:1996 BSI 09-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cov

6、er National foreword ii Foreword iii Text of ISO 10110-3 1BSISO10110-3:1996 ii BSI 09-1999 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO10110-3:1996 and implements it as the UK national standard. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Consumer Products and Se

7、rvices Sector Board whose Technical Committee CPW/172 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and Europe

8、an developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from Customer Services, BSI,389 Chiswick High Road, London W44AL. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of

9、British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to

10、4 and abackcover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BSISO10110-3:1996 ii BSI 09-1999 Contents Page Foreword iii 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Permissible bubbles and othe

11、r inclusions 1 3.1 Specification 1 3.2 Sub-division 1 3.3 Concentrations 1 4 Indication in drawings 1 5 Example 2 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 4 Figure 1 Example of tolerance indication for bubbles and other inclusions 3 Table 1 Preferred size designation and factors for sub-division for bubbl

12、es and other inclusions 2BSISO10110-3:1996 BSI 09-1999 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committ

13、ees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Int

14、ernational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least75% of the member b

15、odies casting a vote. International Standard ISO10110-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC172, Optics and optical instruments, Subcommittee SC1, Fundamental standards. ISO 10110 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and optical instruments Preparation of drawings fo

16、r optical elements and systems: Part 1: General; Part 2: Material imperfections Stress birefringence; Part 3: Material imperfections Bubbles and inclusions; Part 4: Material imperfections Inhomogeneity and striae; Part 5: Surface form tolerances; Part 6: Centring tolerances; Part 7: Surface imperfec

17、tion tolerances; Part 8: Surface texture; Part 9: Surface treatment and coating; Part 10: Table representing data of a lens element; Part 11: Non-toleranced data; Part 12: Aspheric surfaces; Part 13: Laser irradiation damage threshold. Annex A of this part of ISO 10110 is for information only.iv bla

18、nkBSISO10110-3:1996 BSI 09-1999 1 1 Scope ISO 10110 specifies the presentation of design and functional requirements for optical elements and systems in technical drawings used for manufacturing and inspection. This part of ISO 10110 specifies the indication of the level of acceptability of bubbles

19、and other inclusions in optical elements. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 10110, the following definitions apply. 2.1 bubbles gaseous voids in the bulk material, of generally circular cross section, which sometimes appear in glass as the result of the manufacturing process 2.2 oth

20、er inclusions all localized bulk material defects of essentially circular cross section, including striae knots, small stones, sand and crystals 3 Permissible bubbles and other inclusions As a result of the glass melting and refining process, bubbles and other inclusions appear in roughly constant n

21、umbers per unit volume of glass. Their number depends on the glass type and the manufacturing process. The harmful effect of bubbles and inclusions on optical performance is roughly proportional to their projected cross-sectional area: bubbles and other inclusions scatter light in proportion to thei

22、r area; near an image plane, bubbles and other inclusions are objectionable due to their visibility and therefore their cross-sectional area. For these reasons, glass has traditionally been graded for bubble quality in terms of the apparent cross-sectional area of bubbles and other inclusions per un

23、it volume of glass; however, this part of ISO10110 applies to individual optical elements. 3.1 Specification The specification for bubbles and other inclusions which are permissible in the element is given in the form N A: N is the number of bubbles and inclusions of maximal permitted size allowed;

24、the grade number A is the measure of their size. It is equal to the square root of the projected area of the largest permissible bubble and/or inclusion, expressed in millimetres. Preferred values for A are given in the first column of Table 1. 3.2 Sub-division A larger number of bubbles and other i

25、nclusions with a smaller grade number is permitted if the sum of the projected areas of all bubbles and inclusions does not exceed N A 2(= maximum total area) Grade numbers are given in the columns of Table 1, and the corresponding multiplication factors appear in the first line of the table. The ta

26、ble indicates, for example, that six bubbles of grade number0,10 have the same area as one bubble of grade number0,25. When determining the number of permissible bubbles and other inclusions, those with a grade number of0,16 A or smaller shall not be counted. 3.3 Concentrations Concentrations of bub

27、bles and other inclusions are not allowed. A concentration occurs when more than20% of the number of allowed bubbles and other inclusions is found in any5% of the test region. If the total number of bubbles and other inclusions is less than10, then2 or more bubbles or other inclusions falling within

28、 a5% sub-area constitute a concentration. 4 Indication in drawings 4.1 The indication of bubbles and other inclusions which are permissible in the element is given by a code number and a numerical term. 4.2 The code number for bubbles and other inclusions is1. 4.3 The indication is given in the form

29、1/N A. 4.4 The term N A is determined in accordance with clause3. 4.5 The indication shall be entered near the optical element to which it refers. If necessary, the indication may be connected to the element by a leader. It should preferably be associated with the other indications of material impe

30、rfections (stress birefringence, inhomogeneity, and striae; seeISO10110-2 and ISO10110-4). Alternatively, for lens elements, the indication may be given in a table in accordance with ISO10110-10.BSISO10110-3:1996 2 BSI 09-1999 5 Example (see also ISO 10110-1:1996, Annex A) Figure 1 shows, as an exam

31、ple, the indication of a maximum of3 permissible bubbles or other inclusions of grade number0,16. Figure 1 Example of tolerance indication for bubbles and other inclusionsBSISO10110-3:1996 BSI 09-1999 3 Table 1 Preferred size designation and factors for sub-division for bubbles and other inclusions

32、Multiplication factors 1 (preferred values) 2,5 6,3 16 0,006 0,010 0,006 0,016 0,010 0,006 0,025 0,016 0,010 0,006 0,040 0,025 0,016 0,010 0,063 0,040 0,025 0,016 Grade numbers A mm 0,10 0,063 0,040 0,025 0,16 0,10 0,063 0,040 0,25 0,16 0,10 0,063 0,40 0,25 0,16 0,10 0,63 0,40 0,25 0,16 1,0 0,63 0,4

33、0 0,25 1,6 1,0 0,63 0,40 2,5 1,6 1,0 0,63 4,0 2,5 1,6 1,0 EXAMPLE If the indication is1/2 0,25 (i.e. 2 bubbles of grade number 0,25), then 2 2,5 5 bubbles and/or other inclusions of gradenumber0,16, or 2 6,3 12 bubbles of grade number 0,1 or 2 16 32 bubbles of grade number 0,063 are permissible. Alt

34、ernatively, any corresponding combination of the above is permissible, provided that the total projected area of all bubbles and/or other inclusions with a grade number greater than 0,16 0,25 = 0,04 does not exceed 2 0,25 2mm 2= 0,125 mm 2 .BSISO10110-3:1996 4 BSI 09-1999 Annex A (informative) Bibli

35、ography 1 ISO 10110-1:1996, Optics and optical instruments Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems Part 1: General. 2 ISO 10110-2:1996, Optics and optical instruments Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems Part 2: Material imperfections Stress birefringence. 3 ISO

36、10110-4:, Optics and optical instruments Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems Part 4: Material imperfections Inhomogeneity and striae 1) . 4 ISO 10110-10:1996, Optics and optical instruments Preparation of drawings for optical elements and systems Part 10: Table representing data

37、 of a lens element. 1) To be published.blankBS ISO 10110-3:1996 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It i

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