BS ISO 10392-2011 Road vehicles Determination of centre of gravity《道路车辆 重力中心的测定》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 10392:2011Road vehicles Determination of centre of gravityBS ISO 10392:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 10392:20

2、11. It supersedes BS AU 246:1992, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T e c h n i c a l C o m m i t t e e A U E / 1 5 , S a f e t y r e l a t e d t o v e h i c l e s .A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secre

3、tary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 66242 3 ICS 43.020 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was publi

4、shed under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 10392:2011Reference numberISO 10392:2011(E)ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO10392Second edition2011-03-15Road vehicles Determination of cent

5、re of gravity Vhicules routiers Dtermination du centre de gravit BS ISO 10392:2011ISO 10392:2011(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embed

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10、d in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 10392:2011ISO 10392:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Test conditions and preliminary measurements .1 4.1 Operating and other liquids .1

11、 4.2 Preliminary measurements 1 5 Determination of coordinates in horizontal plane .2 5.1 Location of CG longitudinally 2 5.2 Location of CG laterally 2 6 Determination of CG height: Axle lift method 2 6.1 Loading conditions, suspensions and mechanical parts .2 6.2 Measuring procedure3 6.3 Accuracy

12、of determined parameters.4 6.4 Determination of axle load and lifting angle.4 6.5 Location of CG above ground4 6.6 Data presentation 5 7 Determination of CG height: Stable pendulum method 5 7.1 General .5 7.2 Loading conditions, vehicle restraints, and mechanical parts.6 7.3 Measuring procedure6 7.4

13、 Accuracy of determined parameters.7 7.5 Determination of platform properties7 7.6 Determination of applied torque 7 7.7 Consideration of platform deflection 8 7.8 Location of CG above ground8 7.9 Data presentation 8 Annex A (informative) Example of test report Axle lift method.9 Annex B (informativ

14、e) Example of test report Stable pendulum method.11 Bibliography13 BS ISO 10392:2011ISO 10392:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Int

15、ernational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison w

16、ith ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of techni

17、cal committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn

18、to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10392 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 9, Vehicle dynamics and road-hol

19、ding ability. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10392:1992). Clause 7 has been added. BS ISO 10392:2011ISO 10392:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vIntroduction Two methods for determining the height of the centre of gravity above the ground are presented. The first

20、method, the axle lift method, was the only method contained in ISO 10392:1992. The second method, a stable pendulum method, was added to this second edition of ISO 10392. The model, assumptions, and measurements used for the stable pendulum method have many analogies to the unstable pendulum method

21、(often referred to as the tilt table method). Clause 7 includes a brief discussion of the unstable pendulum method for determining vehicle centre of gravity (CG) height. Other procedures such as vertical balance methods and vehicle hang methods are also used. BS ISO 10392:2011BS ISO 10392:2011INTERN

22、ATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10392:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Road vehicles Determination of centre of gravity 1 Scope This International Standard specifies methods for determining the location of the centre of gravity (CG) of a road vehicle, as defined in ISO 3833. A method for determining the c

23、oordinates of the CG in the horizontal plane is provided. Two methods for determining the height of the CG above the ground are specified. The axle lift and the stable pendulum methods are the most common methods for determining vehicle CG height. The axle lift method requires less dedicated equipme

24、nt and is typically an easier and less expensive method than the stable pendulum method. The axle lift method can generally provide CG height accuracy in the range of a few percent, while the stable pendulum method can provide accuracy in the range of 0,5 %. 2 Normative references The following refe

25、renced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 612, Road vehicles Dimensions of motor vehicles and towed vehic

26、les Terms and definitions ISO 3833, Road vehicles Types Terms and definitions ISO 8855, Road vehicles Vehicle dynamics and road-holding ability Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 612, ISO 3833 and ISO 8855 apply. 4 Test condit

27、ions and preliminary measurements 4.1 Operating and other liquids The fuel tank shall be completely full. Fuel motion within an unfilled fuel tank can have an adverse effect on the test results. If the displacement of other liquids (operating and other) due to the inclination of the vehicle during t

28、esting is considered significant, this shall be taken into account. 4.2 Preliminary measurements With the vehicle horizontal, and in accordance with the dimensions given in ISO 612 and ISO 8855, measure and record: lleft, the wheelbase, left, in millimetres; lright, the wheelbase, right, in millimet

29、res; BS ISO 10392:2011ISO 10392:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reservedbf, the track, front, in millimetres; br, the track, rear, in millimetres; m1, the wheel load, front left, in kilograms; m2, the wheel load, front right, in kilograms; m3, the wheel load, rear left, in kilograms; m4, the wheel loa

30、d, rear right, in kilograms. 5 Determination of coordinates in horizontal plane 5.1 Location of CG longitudinally The horizontal distance between centre of front axle and CG, xCG, in millimetres, is determined by the equation: rCGvmx lm= (1) where mr= m3+ m4(as defined in 4.2) (2) is rear axle load,

31、 in kilograms; mv= m1+ m2+ m3+ m4(as defined in 4.2) (3) is total mass of vehicle, in kilograms; l = 0,5 (lleft+ lright) (as defined in 4.2) (4) is wheelbase of the vehicle, in millimetres. 5.2 Location of CG laterally The horizontal distance between the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle and

32、the CG (positive to the left), yCG, in millimetres, is determined by the equation: f1 2 r3 4CGv()( )2bm m bm mym+ = (5) where all symbols are as defined in 4.2. 6 Determination of CG height: Axle lift method 6.1 Loading conditions, suspensions and mechanical parts Any load shall be held in place to

33、avoid displacement due to the inclination of the vehicle. After loading the vehicle to the desired loading conditions, the wheel suspension can be blocked if necessary, to avoid changes in deflection due to the inclination of the vehicle. This may also apply to other vehicle components that could af

34、fect the test result due to flexible mounting. BS ISO 10392:2011ISO 10392:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 3When lifting the vehicle, the gear-box shall be in neutral. The parking-brake shall be released; rolling of the wheels of one axle only shall be avoided by wedges or other means. The front

35、 wheels shall remain pointing straight ahead as far as possible. 6.2 Measuring procedure 6.2.1 With the vehicle horizontal, measure and record the static radii: rstat,1, the static loaded radius, front left, in millimetres; rstat,2, the static loaded radius, front right, in millimetres; rstat,3, the

36、 static loaded radius, rear left, in millimetres; rstat,4, the static loaded radius, rear right, in millimetres. The static loaded radius may be determined as shown in Figure 1. The formula is sufficiently accurate for the test procedure described in this International Standard. stat ww/ 2rdd= Key d

37、wwheel diameter d wloaded wheel diameter rstatstatic loaded radius Figure 1 Determination of static loaded radius, rstat6.2.2 Lift one axle in steps (three or more steps are recommended). Record the axle load of the other axle and the lifting angle for each position. The maximum lifting angle and th

38、e accuracy of the scale used to measure axle load affect the accuracy of the computation of the CG height. 6.2.3 To take the hysteresis into account, lower the lifted axle by steps back to the level position and record axle loads and lifting angle as described in 6.2.2. 6.2.4 Plot the axle loads aga

39、inst the tangent of the corresponding lifting angles and determine the mean value of axle load for a corresponding lifting angle. The plot can also be useful for checking the linearity of the measurements. An alternative to generating the plot is to compute the individual CG heights using the indivi

40、dual load and angle measurements, using the equations provided in 6.5, and then averaging these values to get a final answer. 6.2.5 It is recommended that all the measurements be repeated lifting the other axle. 6.2.6 It may also be desirable to determine the lifting angle from the wheelbase and the

41、 elevation of the wheels above the ground for each inclination position. In this case the change in tyre deformation caused by lifting one end of the vehicle shall be taken into consideration. BS ISO 10392:2011ISO 10392:2011(E) 4 ISO 2011 All rights reserved6.3 Accuracy of determined parameters The

42、following accuracies are required: absolute axle load value: 0,2 %; change in axle loads due to lifting: 2,5 %; NOTE Applies to scales which do not measure absolute loads, but changes in loads. dimensions: 2,000 mm: 0,05 %; angles: 0,5 %. 6.4 Determination of axle load and lifting angle The followin

43、g values are obtained from the plotted data by linear curve fitting: mfand mrwhich are axle loads at front and rear respectively of the axle remaining on the ground while the vehicle is inclined; which is the corresponding lifting angle. 6.5 Location of CG above ground The height of the CG above gro

44、und, zCG, in millimetres, is determined by the equations: ffCG stat,fv()tanlm mzrm =+(6) or rrCG stat,rv()tanlm mzrm =+(7) where mf= m1+ m2(as defined in 4.2) (8) is front axle load, in kilograms; mr= m3+ m4(as defined in 4.2) (9) is rear axle load, in kilograms; rstat,f= 0,5(rstat,1+ rstat,2) (10)

45、is static loaded radius, front, in millimetres; rstat,r= 0,5(rstat,2+ rstat,3) (11)is static loaded radius, rear, in millimetres; l and mvare as defined in 5.1. NOTE mfand mrmay be measured directly if only the height of the CG is required, in which case m1, m2, m3and m4are not needed. BS ISO 10392:

46、2011ISO 10392:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 56.6 Data presentation Measured data and test results shall be presented in a test report as shown in Annex A. 7 Determination of CG height: Stable pendulum method 7.1 General This section contains a detailed description of the stable pendulum metho

47、d for determining vehicle CG height. Figure 2 is a diagram of the stable pendulum method for determining vehicle CG height. For the stable pendulum method, the CG of the combined vehicle and vehicle support platform system are below the pivot axis. This diagram shows the stable pendulum method in a

48、pitch configuration, with a lateral pivot axis parallel to the road plane. The stable pendulum method can also be configured in a roll configuration, with a longitudinal pivot axis parallel to the road plane. The equations provided in this clause are derived from a static torque balance about the pi

49、vot axis. In this case, a static disturbance torque is applied to the system by hanging known masses at a known distance from the pivot axis. A similar model and formulation of equilibrium equations can be used for the unstable pendulum method, except that the pivot axis is below the CG of the combined vehicle and vehicle platform system. For the unstable pendulum method, a static retarding torque is required to maintain the vehicle/platform system at any given tilt angle about the