BS ISO 10587-2000 Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Test for residual embrittlement in both metallic-coated and uncoated externally-threaded articles and rods - Inclined wedg.pdf

1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 10587:2000 ICS 25.

2、220.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Metallic and other inorganic coatings Test for residual embrittlement in both metallic-coated and uncoated externally-threaded articles and rods Inclined wedge methodThis British Standard, having been prepared under the di

3、rection of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 April 2000 BSI 04-1999 ISBN 0 580 34613 7 BS ISO 10587:2000 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments National foreword This British

4、Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 10587:2000 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/37, Methods of test for metallic and related coatings, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; pr

5、esent to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can

6、 be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the

7、“Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from l

8、egal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Referencenumber IS

9、O10587:2000(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10587 Firstedition 2000-02-15 Metallicandotherinorganiccoatings Testforresidualembrittlementin bothmetallic-coatedanduncoated externally-threadedarticlesandrods Inclinedwedgemethod Revtements mtalliques et autres revtements inorganiques Essai de fragilisatio

10、n rsiduelle des articles et tiges filets avec et sans revtement mtallique extrieur Mthode de la cale biaiseISO85017:(0002)E ii BS ISO 10587:2000ISO85017:(0002)Eiii Foreword ISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISO memberbodies).Theworkofp

11、reparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnical committees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhas therighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,in liaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthewor

12、k.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnical Commission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization. InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3. DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodi

13、esforvoting. PublicationasanInternationalStandardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote. AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisInternationalStandardmaybethesubjectof patentrights.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights. International

14、StandardISO10587waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings, Subcommittee SC 2, Test methods. AnnexAofthisInternationalStandardisforinformationonly. BS ISO 10587:2000ISO85017:(0002)E iv Introduction Whenatomichydrogenenterssteelsandcertainotheralloys,itcancauselos

15、sofductilityorload-carryingabilityor cracking(usuallyassubmicroscopiccracks),orcatastrophicbrittlefailuresatappliedstresseswellbelowtheyield strengthoreventhenormaldesignstrengthforthealloys.Thisphenomenonoftenoccursinalloysthatshowno significantlossinductilitywhenmeasuredbyconventionaltensiletests,

16、andisfrequentlyreferredtoashydrogen- induceddelayedbrittlefailure,hydrogenstresscrackingorhydrogenembrittlement.Thehydrogencanbe introducedduringcleaning,pickling,phosphating,electroplating,autocatalyticprocessesandintheservice environmentasaresultofcathodicprotectionreactionsorcorrosionreactions.Hy

17、drogencanalsobeintroduced duringfabrication,forexample,duringrollforming,machininganddrilling,duetolubricantbreak-down,andduring weldingorbrazingoperations. Avarietyofarticleshavethreadsaspartoftheirstructure.Examplesaretoolssuchasmetalandwoodworking clamps,metalvices,tensionclampsandtaps,andhardwar

18、eitemssuchasthreadedmetalprojectilesandbomb components,rifles,springtensionadjustersandpianostoollifts. Industrialpracticeforthreadedarticlesandrodshasevolvedthreegraduatedlevelsoftestexposuretoassure reducedriskofhydrogenembrittlement(seeclause2).Theselevelshaveevolvedfromcommercialapplications hav

19、ingvaryinglevelsofcriticality.Inessence,theyrepresenttheconfidencelevelthatisrequired.Theyalso representthetimethatfinishedgoodsareheldbeforetheycanbeshippedandused.Thistimeequatesto additionalcosttothemanufacturerthatmayofnecessitybeaddedtothecostofthefinishedgoods. BS ISO 10587:2000INTENRATIONAL T

20、SANDADR ISO 78501:(0002)E ISO 0002 All irhgts seredevr 1 Metallic and other inorganic coatings Test for residual embrittlement in both metallic-coated and uncoated externally-threaded articles and rods Inclined wedge method WARNING Great care should be taken when applying this International Standard

21、. The heads of embrittled articles or rods can suddenly break off and become flying projectiles capable of causing blindness or other serious injury. As this hazard can occur as long as 200 h after the test has started, shields or other apparatus should be provided to avoid such injury. 1 Scope This

22、 International Standard specifies a method of determining, on a statistical basis, the probability of the existence of hydrogen embrittlement or degradation in: a) a batch of barrel electroplated, autocatalytic plated, phosphated or chemically processed threaded articles; b) a batch of rack plated t

23、hreaded articles or rods. This International Standard is applicable to threaded articles and rod made from steel with an actual tensile strength W 1 000 MPa (corresponding hardness values: 300 HV, 303 HB or 31 HRC) or to surface-hardened threaded articles or rods. It is not applicable to fasteners.

24、The test method is carried out after hydrogen embrittlement relief heat treatment and may also be used for assessing differences in processing solutions, conditions and techniques. The test method has two main functions: a) when used with a statistical sampling plan it can be used for lot acceptance

25、 or rejection; b) it can be used as a control test to determine the effectiveness of the various processing steps including pre- and post-baking treatments to reduce the mobile hydrogen in the articles or rod. Although the test method is capable of indicating those articles that are embrittled to th

26、e extent defined in clause 2, it does not guarantee complete freedom from embrittlement. This International Standard does not relieve the plater, processor or manufacturer from imposing and monitoring suitable process control. NOTE 1 The use of inhibitors in acid pickling baths does not necessarily

27、guarantee avoidance of hydrogen embrittlement. NOTE 2 Annex A provides guidance on sources of introduction of hydrogen into threaded articles. BS ISO 10587:2000 1ISO 78501:(0002)E 2 ISO 0002 All irhgts seredevr 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following te

28、rms and definitions apply. 2.1 embrittled article article, parts of which fail immediately or up to 48 h in test 2.2 grade 48 proof batch batch that provides no failures after 48 h of test 2.3 grade 96 proof batch batch that provides no failures after 96 h of test 2.4 grade 200 proof batch batch tha

29、t provides no failures after 200 h of test 2.5 batch distinct portion of articles processed collectively as a single group through the same identical treatment steps at the same time on the same rack or in the same barrel 2.6 lot group of articles processed through the same or similar steps at the s

30、ame time or over a contiguous time period and from the same heat of material NOTE 1 A lot may be broken down into a number of batches for processing purposes and then reassembled into the same lot. NOTE 2 The degree to which articles within a single plated batch or a given lot can be embrittled can

31、vary over a wide range. The degree of embrittlement is a function of the concentration of atomic hydrogen in the individual articles of the batch or lot, measured in parts per million (ppm), and in particular that portion of the hydrogen that is mobile or free to migrate to areas of high stress conc

32、entration. 3P r i n c i p l e The threaded articles or rods are subjected to stress by tensioning with a mating nut after insertion through a clearance hole in a hardened rectangular wedge of steel; see Figure 1. Additional hardened rectangular pieces of steel, with parallel faces, are provided as f

33、iller plates and are inserted such that the required length of the threaded article is placed under test. Other loading systems and fixtures may be used provided the same load, angle and exposure are created for the test. The upper surface of the wedge is ground at an angle to the lower surface. The

34、 mating nut is tensioned by any means capable of measuring tensile load. The torque method referred to in 4.5 is one such method. If the torque method of tightening is used, the articles are torqued to the desired value, then held for the minimum specified number of hours and then checked to determi

35、ne if the initial torque has been maintained. Following this they are examined for embrittlement failures; see clause 7. NOTE Increasing the applied torque by a small percentage as a “safety factor” is not recommended. BS ISO 10587:2000 2ISO 78501:(0002)E ISO 0002 All irhgts seredevr 3 4 Apparatus 4

36、.1 General The test fixture shall consist of a hardened wedge (4.2), see Figure 1, one or more filler plates (4.3) and a hardened washer (4.4). The hole in each shall be as close as practical to the major diameter of the threaded article or rods being tested. NOTE 1 Excess clearance space can cause

37、the article to tilt in the hole and can result in failure at a lower torque value. NOTE 2 A fixture with multiple holes has been found useful for multiple or repetitive testing. The fixture can be made from a rectangular piece of an air hardening grade of steel with one face ground to the appropriat

38、e wedge angle and hardened to 60 HRC. 4.2 Wedge The wedge shall have an angle as specified in Table 1. Table 1 Wedge angle selection Nominal size of threaded article Wedge angle for articles with unthreaded lengths less than two diameters Wedge angle for articles with unthreaded lengths two diameter

39、s and longer 2mmto6mm ( 1 / 12 inch to inch) 66 6mmto18mm ( inch to inch) 46 18 mm to 38 mm ( inch to 1 inch) 04 4.3 Filler plate The filler plate(s) shall be of the same steel grade and hardness as the wedge fixture and have a thickness such that, after installation and tightening, a minimum of thr

40、ee full threads of the test article are engaged and no more than five full threads extend beyond the nut. 4.4 Washer The washer shall be of 38 HRC to 45 HRC. 4.5 Torque application device If the torque method of tightening is used, a load-measuring device capable of measuring the actual tension indu

41、ced in the article or rod as the item is tightened shall be used to determine the tightening torque (see 6.3). BS ISO 10587:2000 3ISO 78501:(0002)E 4 ISO 0002 All irhgts seredevr Figure 1 Schematic diagram for testing of threaded articles and rods Example of a 6 wedge and parallel filler plate (see

42、Introduction for examples of threaded components) BS ISO 10587:2000 4ISO 78501:(0002)E ISO 0002 All irhgts seredevr 5 5 Sampling The AQL level and sampling plan used shall be that specified in the document that calls up this International Standard. NOTE Widely used sampling plans are provided in ISO

43、 4519 and ISO 2859. A minimum sample size of 30 pieces shall be selected from each embrittlement relief treated batch that exceeds 500 articles plated as a single group. 6 Procedure 6.1 Test temperature The test shall be carried out over a temperature range of 15 C to 25 C. 6.2 Test piece placement

44、Place the test pieces in the clearance holes with the heads positioned against the angle of the wedge. For pieces with square, hexagonal (or similar straight side heads) a straight side shall be placed against the angle of the wedge. For elliptical or other shaped heads, the side with the minor radi

45、us of the ellipse shall be placed against the angle of the wedge. For pieces without heads, studs or threaded rods one end shall be nutted and tested as the head. When the pieces are threaded with different pitch threads the finer thread shall be treated as the head. Nut the free end of the pieces a

46、nd run them up finger tight. NOTE No significance has been found between the start of the thread on an article in relation to the angle of the wedge. 6.3 Torque determination Five artices from the test lot shall be selected at random. Each shall be assembled into the torque application device (4.5),

47、 mated with a nut, and the nut tightened until a load equal to (75 2) % of the ultimate tensile strength of the article is induced. The torque required to induce this load shall be measured. The tightening torque shall be determined as the arithmetic mean of the five measured torques. 6.4 Torque app

48、lication Clamp the wedge with the nutted ends facing in a convenient position in a securely attached vice. Using a calibrated torque tool tighten the nuts to the desired torque and record the values. The wedge shall be removed from the vice and left undisturbed for the test period. See clause 2. 7 E

49、valuation 7.1 Cracks, separated heads and breakage After the specified holding period is complete examine each article for failures such as cracks, separated heads and breakage. Use finger pressure to check each head for breakage. Cracks can be identified by examination at 10 magnification, magnetic particle inspection or the use of a liquid dye penetrant. BS ISO 10587:2000 5ISO 78501:(0002)E 6 ISO 0002 All irhgts seredevr 7.2 Relaxed torque Following the examination of the pieces as described in 7.1, pl