BS ISO 10676-2011 Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics advanced technical ceramics) Test method for water purification performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials by measure.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 10676:2010Fine ceramics (advancedceramics, advanced technicalceramics) Test method forwater purification performanceof semiconductingphotocatalytic materials bymeasurement

2、 of formingability of active oxygenBS ISO 10676:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 10676:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RPI/13, Advanced technical ceramics.A list of organizations represented o

3、n this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 63665 3ICS 81.060.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity f

4、romlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 10676:2010Reference numberISO 10676:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO10676First edition20

5、10-12-15Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for water purification performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials by measurement of forming ability of active oxygen Cramiques techniques Mthode dessai relative la performance des matriaux photocatalytique

6、s semi-conducteurs pour la purification de leau par mesurage de la capacit de formation de loxygne actif BS ISO 10676:2010ISO 10676:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edi

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11、opyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 10676:2010ISO 10676:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Principle .2 5 Apparatus.2 6 Reagent (test

12、 solution)4 7 Preparation of test piece.5 8 Procedure.5 9 Calculation .6 10 Test report8 Annex A (informative) Examples of test results 9 Bibliography11 BS ISO 10676:2010ISO 10676:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide

13、federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that c

14、ommittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in acco

15、rdance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requi

16、res approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10676 was prepared by Technica

17、l Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics. BS ISO 10676:2010ISO 10676:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction Photocatalysis has many excellent functions including self-cleaning, antifogging, antibacterial actions, deodorization and removal of pollutants under light irradiation and, therefore

18、, its application fields have been enlarged recently. Among these applications, photocatalysis for water purification, which eliminates the pollutants in water, is being developed and its products are arriving on the market. Accordingly, there is strong demand for a test method which enables correct

19、 evaluation of the water purification performance. This International Standard describes a test method for determining the water purification performance of photocatalytic materials used for water purification application. BS ISO 10676:2010BS ISO 10676:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10676:2010(E) IS

20、O 2010 All rights reserved 1Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for water purification performance of semiconducting photocatalytic materials by measurement of forming ability of active oxygen 1 Scope This International Standard describes a test method covering

21、 photocatalytic materials formed on, or attached to, another material surface for the purpose of decomposing, and thus eliminating the pollutants in water, using photocatalytic performance. This test method is applicable to photocatalytic materials under UV irradiation, and not under visible light i

22、rradiation. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 10677, Fin

23、e ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Ultraviolet light source for testing semiconducting photocatalytic materials 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 photocatalyst a substance that carries out one or more fun

24、ctions based on oxidization and reduction reactions under photoirradiation, including decomposition and removal of all air and water contaminants, deodorization, and antibacterial, self-cleaning and antifogging actions 3.2 water purification purification by decomposing contaminants contained in wate

25、r 3.3 photocatalytic materials materials in which, or on which, the photocatalyst is added by coating, impregnation, mixing, etc. NOTE Such photocatalytic materials are intended for use as building and road construction materials to obtain the above-mentioned functions. 3.4 purified water water puri

26、fied by the ion exchange method, having an electrical conductivity below 1 S/cm BS ISO 10676:2010ISO 10676:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved4 Principle This International Standard covers the development, comparison, quality assurance, characterization, reliability and design data of photocataly

27、tic materials. The method is used to determine the water purification performance of photocatalytic materials by exposing a specimen to model water under illumination of ultraviolet (UV) light. It is difficult to choose a specific pollutant as the reagent for the purification performance test, becau

28、se there are many types of pollutants in water. Since the mechanism of water purification by photocatalytic reaction is based on the formation of active oxygen from the photocatalyst activated by UV irradiation, which oxidizes and decomposes the pollutants in water, it is possible to evaluate the wa

29、ter purification performance by measuring the ability of active oxygen to form from the activated photocatalyst in water. Therefore, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is chosen as an indicator that gives methanesulfonic acid (MSA) as a product of the photocatalytic reaction, as shown in the following formula

30、 methanesulfinate (MSI) is produced as an intermediate. This reaction is often used for the determination of active oxygen. The specimen, set in a flow-type photoreactor, is activated by UV irradiation; the DMSO is decomposed, which results in the production of MSA on its surface. The water purifica

31、tion performance is determined based on the decrease in concentration of DMSO and the generation of MSA. The adsorption of DMSO by the specimen is evaluated by the test in the dark (without UV irradiation). a) (CH3)2SO (DMSO) + OH CH3S(O)OH (MSI) + CH3b) CH3S(O)OH (MSI) + OH + O2 CH3S(O)2OH (MSA) +

32、OOH c) (CH3)2SO (DMSO) + OOH CH3S(O)2OH (MSA) + CH3d) CH3S(O)2OH (MSA) + OH H2SO4+ CH35 Apparatus The testing equipment examines a photocatalytic material for its water purification performance by supplying and circulating the test water continuously, while providing photoirradiation to activate the

33、 photocatalyst. It consists of a test water supply, a photoreactor (with weirs), a light source and measurement equipment for testing the water. There is no cover in the photoreactor, i.e. the test is carried out in an open system. An example of a testing system is shown in Figure 1. BS ISO 10676:20

34、10ISO 10676:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 3Dimensions in millimetres 2070120120200290PP11223445Key 1 lamp 2 test piece 3 weirs 4 pump 5 test solution Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of testing equipment The testing equipment consists of the components described in 5.1 to 5.5 5.1 Test-water supply

35、 The test-water supply consists of a flow controller (see Note) and a water pipe for circulating the test water with the predetermined speed and volume in the photoreactor. BS ISO 10676:2010ISO 10676:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reservedn. NOTE The flow controller is an ejection pump which enables

36、a determined volume of test water to be ejected and circulated to the test specimen in a photoreactor at a predetermined speed for a long time. For example, a peristaltic structure pump which ejects the solution by compressing the ejecting tube with a roller. For the water pipe, use a material which

37、 adsorbs less reagent, such as silicon resin; the tubes diameter shall be suitable for the specification of the photoreactors connecting-tube diameter and pump. 5.2 Photoreactor The photoreactor holds a planar or spherical test piece and weirs over 1 cm high are placed in front of and behind the tes

38、t piece in order to avoid distorting the test piece alignment during water supply. The reactor shall be fabricated from material (acryl resin) that adsorbs a small quantity of testing reagent and withstands irradiation of near-UV light. 5.3 Black light blue lamp (light source) The light source shall

39、 provide UV-A illumination within a wavelength range of 300 nm to 400 nm. Suitable sources include the so-called black light (BL) and black light blue (BLB) fluorescent lamps, with a maximum wavelength of 351 nm or 368 nm, as specified in ISO 10677, and xenon arc lamps with optical filters that bloc

40、k radiation below 300 nm. In the case of a xenon arc lamp, a cooling system shall be used according to ISO 10677. 5.4 Ultraviolet radiation apparatus An ultraviolet radiation apparatus holds two black light blue lamps parallel to each other tubular-bulb fluorescent lamps, 20 W, type FL20S BLB1). It

41、consists of a structure that emits homogenous light radiation to the test specimen and alters the position of the test specimen or lamp in order to adjust the radiation intensity. If setting the lamp reflecting plate, use the material which is less likely to deteriorate when subjected to ultraviolet

42、 light. The ultraviolet radiation apparatus shall have a structure that enables the measurement of the radiation intensity at the test piece positio5.5 UV-radiation intensity meter The radiation intensity meter shall enable the measurement of UV radiation intensity at the test piece position; it sha

43、ll consist of a photoreceiver with a good cosine property and a range of vision of 2sr. It shall be corrected to the light source used or to the fixed sensitivity in the range of wavelengths absorbed by the photocatalytic material. 6 Reagent (test solution) 6.1 Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) DMSO of assay

44、 above 99,5 % shall be used. 1) A type FL20S BLB lamp is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product. BS ISO 10676:2010ISO 10676:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rig

45、hts reserved 57 Preparation of test piece 7.1 Test piece Cut the photocatalytic material with a size of 100 mm 2 mm square, which is the standard size of the test piece. When preparing test pieces, organic contaminants, such as oil and pollution by adsorbing organic substances in air, shall be remov

46、ed. The test piece should be taken from photocatalytic material itself. However, when the shape of the photocatalytic material makes preparing the test piece difficult, a test piece from the same raw material and with the same fabrication process as photocatalytic material can be used. Furthermore,

47、when it is difficult to cut a 100 mm 2 mm square of photocatalytic material or when the material has the form of a bead instead of a plate, a test piece big enough to place on the test piece platform in the photoreactor can be used. 7.2 Pretreatment of test piece 7.2.1 Follow the procedure below. If

48、 the test piece is not tested immediately after this pretreatment, it shall be stored in the resin desiccator. Before treating the test piece, fresh air shall be blown on the upper, under and side surfaces of the test piece to remove contaminants such as dust. 7.2.2 Removal of organic materials. Irr

49、adiate the test piece with an ultraviolet lamp for at least 5 h using the ultraviolet radiation apparatus adjusted to an irradiance of 2,0 mW/cm2at the test piece surface. Heat-resistant photocatalytic materials that show no physical or chemical change after heating may be heated to remove residual organic substances adhered to the test piece surface. The test piece after pretreatment should be handled with polyethylene gloves in order to prevent contamination by hydrophobic substances. 7.2.