BS ISO 10813-1-2004 Vibration generating machines - Guidance for selection - Equipment for environmental testing《振动发生机械 选择指南 环境检验设备》.pdf

1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Part 1: Equipment for environmental testingICS 17.160Vibration generating machines Guidance for sel

2、ection BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 10813-1:2004Incorporating corrigendum no. 1BS ISO 10813-1:2004This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 July 2004 BSI 2007ISBN 0 580 44154 7Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments17142

3、Corrigendum No. 129 June 2007 Replacement of Figures 2, 4 and 6contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 10813-1:2004, incorpora

4、ting corrigendum December 2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GME/21, Mechanical vibration and shock, to Subcommittee GME/21/2, Vibration and shock measuring instruments and testing equipment.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can b

5、e obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a Reference numberISO 10813-1:2004(E)OSI 4002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO10813-1First edition2004-08-01Vibration generating machines Guidance for selection Part 1 Equipment for environme

6、ntal testing Gnrateurs de vibrations Lignes directrices pour la slection Partie 1: Moyens pour les essais environnementaux BS ISO 108131:2004IS-31801 O1:(4002E) DPlcsid Fremia ihTs PDF file may ctnoian emdebt dedyfepcaes. In ccaocnadrw eith Aebods licensilop gnic,y this file mairp eb ynted iv roweb

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11、giso.o grWe bwww.is.o groPulbisdehi n Switlrez dnaii ISO 4002 Allr ithgsr esedevrIS-31801 O1:(4002E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Requirements for vibration tests. 1 4.1 Vibration test purp

12、oses 1 4.2 Test methods. 2 5 Types and characteristics of vibration generators . 3 5.1 Main types of vibration generators . 3 5.2 Major parameters 4 5.3 Features . 5 5.4 Comparison between electrodynamic, servohydraulic and mechanical vibration generators 11 6 Recommendations for the selection of vi

13、bration generators. 11 6.1 Selection of type . 11 6.2 Selection of the model 12 6.3 Selection of components . 16 Annex A (informative) Examples of selections 21 Annex B (informative) Vibration severity in test methods standardized by the IEC . 23 Bibliography . 25 BS ISO 108131:2004IS-31801 O1:(4002

14、E) iv I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body in

15、terested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechni

16、cal Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the

17、 technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.

18、 ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10813-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 6, Vibration and shock generating systems. ISO 10813 consists of the following parts, under the general title

19、Vibration generating machines Guidance for selection: Part 1: Equipment for environmental testing Further parts are under preparation. BS ISO 108131:2004IS-31801 O1:(4002E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr vIntroduction To select a suitable vibration generating system is an urgent problem if it is nece

20、ssary for a certain test to purchase new test equipment or to update the equipment already available, or to choose between equipment proposed by a test laboratory or even a laboratory itself which offers its service to carry out such a test. A problem like this can be resolved quite easily if a numb

21、er of factors are considered simultaneously, as follows: the type of the test to be carried out (environmental testing, normal and/or accelerated, dynamic structural testing, diagnosis, calibration, etc.); the requirements to be followed; the test conditions (one mode of vibration or combined vibrat

22、ion, single vibration test or combined test, for example, dynamic plus climatic); the objects to be tested. This part of ISO 10813 deals only with equipment to be used during environmental testing, and those selection procedures that are predominantly to meet the requirements of this test. However,

23、the user should keep in mind that a specific test condition and a specific object to be tested can significantly influence the selection. Thus, to excite a specimen inside a climatic chamber imposes limitations on the vibration generator interface, and a specimen of a large size and/or of a complex

24、shape, having numerous resonances in all directions, demands larger equipment than that specified for the procedures of this part of ISO 10813, assuming that excitation is to be applied to the rigid body of the same mass. Unfortunately, such aspects cannot easily be formalized and, thus, are not cov

25、ered by this part of ISO 10813. If the equipment is expected to be used for tests of different types, all possible applications should be considered when selecting. Later parts of ISO 10813 will address the problem of the case where the vibration generator is acquired to be applied during both envir

26、onmental and dynamic structural testing. It is presumed in this part of ISO 10813 that the system selected will be able to drive the object under test up to a specified level. In order to generate an excitation without undesired motion, a suitable control system should be used. The selection of a co

27、ntrol system will be considered in a further International Standard. It should be emphasized that vibration generating systems are complex machines, so the correct selection always demands a certain degree of engineering judgement. As a consequence, the purchaser, when selecting the vibration test e

28、quipment, can resort to the help of a third party. In such a case, this part of ISO 10813 can help the purchaser to ascertain if the solution proposed by the third party is acceptable or not. Designers and manufacturers can also use this part of ISO 10813 to assess the market environment. BS ISO 108

29、131:2004blank4002:131801 OSI SBINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS-31801 O1:(4002E)I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Vibration generating machines Guidance for selection Part 1: Equipment for environmental testing 1 Scope This part of ISO 10813 gives guidance for the selection of vibration generating equipment u

30、sed for vibration environmental testing, depending on the test requirements. This guidance covers such aspects of selection as the equipment type, the model, and some main components, excluding the control system. NOTE Some examples are given in Annex A. 2 Normative references The following referenc

31、ed documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2041, Vibration and shock Vocabulary ISO 5344, Electrodynamic vibra

32、tion generating systems Performance characteristics ISO 8626, Servo-hydraulic test equipment for generating vibration Methods of describing characteristics ISO 15261, Vibration and shock generating systems Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definition

33、s given in ISO 2041, ISO 5344, ISO 8626 and ISO 15261 apply. 4 Requirements for vibration tests 4.1 Vibration test purposes The purpose of vibration tests is to estimate the capability of an object to maintain its operational characteristics and to stay intact under vibration loading of defined seve

34、rity. The tests are subdivided, in accordance with their tasks, into functional, strength and endurance tests. Strength tests are carried out to estimate the capability of an object to withstand vibration of defined severity and to stay in working order when the excitation is removed. In these tests

35、, vibration might cause mechanical damage (fatigue) and may be used to predict the lifetime of the object under vibration. BS ISO 108131:2004IS-31801 O1:(4002E) 2 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrEndurance tests are carried out to estimate the capability of an object to function and maintain the operati

36、onal parameters within the acceptable limits under vibration. Usually during those tests the object is working for a defined period in its normal condition and is being exposed to vibration not causing mechanical damage to it. Faults and malfunctions in the operation of the object should be register

37、ed. 4.2 Test methods 4.2.1 General Laboratory test methods may use both sinusoidal and multifrequency excitation in various forms, such as sinusoidal at a fixed frequency, swept sinusoidal, random (narrow-band or wide-band), as well as in a mixed mode. The excitation may be multidirectional and/or m

38、ultipoint. Test specifications usually deal with the following waveforms: sinusoidal at a fixed frequency; swept sinusoidal; wide-band random; time history; sine-beat. The above waveforms are briefly described in 4.2.2 to 4.2.5 primarily in aspects as standardized by the IEC (see 1 to 4), however th

39、e user should be aware that other variants of a waveform may be used for specific applications. Requirements for the test excitation (and, hence, for the test equipment) for test methods standardized by the IEC are given for information in Annex B. 4.2.2 Sinusoidal vibration 4.2.2.1 Sinusoidal vibra

40、tion at fixed frequencies This excitation consists of a set of discrete-frequency sinusoidal processes of defined amplitude, applied sequentially to the test object within the frequency range of interest. Frequency and amplitude are adjusted manually. A control system maintains the displacement or a

41、cceleration amplitude. The test conditions to be set include the frequency range (bands) and individual fixed frequencies, test duration and displacement, velocity or acceleration amplitude. 4.2.2.2 Swept sinusoidal vibration This excitation is a sinusoidal signal of a constant amplitude, commonly d

42、efined in displacement terms at low frequencies and in acceleration terms at high frequencies. The frequency is continuously swept from the lower to the upper limit of the frequency range of interest and vice versa. Cross-over frequency usually lies in the range of 10 Hz to 500 Hz. A control system

43、maintains the displacement or acceleration amplitude. During the frequency sweep, the mechanical resonances and undesirable mechanical and functional behaviour of the test object can be observed and identified. The test conditions to be set include the frequency range of interest, displacement and a

44、cceleration amplitudes, cross-over frequency, sweep rate and test duration. 4.2.3 Wide-band random vibration The wide-band random excitation, specified by the shape of spectral density of acceleration to be close to real operational conditions in the frequency range of interest, is generated at the

45、control point of the table or the object. The test conditions to be set include the acceleration spectral density levels for the frequency bands in which tests are carried out. BS ISO 108131:2004IS-31801 O1:(4002E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 34.2.4 Time-history method This test consists of subjec

46、ting the specimen to a time-history specified by a response spectrum with characteristics simulating the effects of short-duration random-type forces. A time-history may be obtained from a natural event (natural time-history), or from a random sample, or as a synthesized signal (artificial time-hist

47、ory). The use of a time-history allows a single test wave to envelop a broad-band response spectrum, simultaneously exciting all modes of the specimen on account of the combined effects of the coupled modes. This test is applied to specimens which in service can be subjected to short-duration random

48、-type dynamic forces induced, for example, by earthquakes, explosions or transportation. The test conditions to be set include the frequency range of interest, required response spectrum, number and duration of time-histories, number of high peaks of the response. 4.2.5 Sine-beat method In this test

49、 the specimen is excited at fixed frequencies (to be experienced in the practical application or to be changed with a step of not greater than one-half octave) with a preset number of sine beats (see Figure 1). These fixed frequencies may be critical frequencies identified by means of vibration response investigation. The test conditions to be set include the frequency range, test level, number of cycles in the sine beat, number of sine beats. A control system