BS ISO 10816-3-2009 Mechanical vibration - Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts - Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal spu.pdf

1、BS ISO10816-3:2009ICS 17.160NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDMechanical vibration Evaluation ofmachine vibration bymeasurements on non-rotating partsPart 3: Industrial machines withnominal power above 15 kW andnominal speeds between 120 r/min and1

2、5 000 r/min when measured in situThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 March2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 64743 7Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 10816-3:2009National forewordThis British Standard is th

3、e UK implementation of ISO 10816-3:2009. Itsupersedes BS7854-3:1998 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GME/21/5, Vibration of machines.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This pub

4、lication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 10816-3:2009Reference numberISO 10816-3:2009(E)ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO10

5、816-3Second edition2009-02-01Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min when measured in situ Vibrations mcaniques valuation des vibrations

6、 des machines par mesurages sur les parties non tournantes Partie 3: Machines industrielles de puissance nominale suprieure 15 kW et de vitesse nominale de fonctionnement entre 120 r/min et 15 000 r/min, lorsquelles sont mesures in situ BS ISO 10816-3:2009ISO 10816-3:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF

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10、SO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in th

11、e country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedBS ISO 10816-3:2009ISO 10816-3:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiConte

12、nts Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references2 3 Measurement procedures and operational conditions .2 4 Machine classification 5 5 Evaluation.6 Annex A (normative) Evaluation zone boundaries10 Bibliography12 BS ISO 10816-3:2009ISO 10816-3:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reserved

13、Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a t

14、echnical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters

15、 of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulate

16、d to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible

17、for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 10816-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring, Subcommittee SC 2, Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as applied to machines, vehicles and structures. This secon

18、d edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 10816-3:1998). The main change is the deletion of pumps from the scope, which now are dealt with in ISO 10816-7. ISO 10816 consists of the following parts, under the general title Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measuremen

19、ts on non-rotating parts: Part 1: General guidelines Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min and 3 600 r/min Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/m

20、in and 15 000 r/min when measured in situ Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 kW Part 7: Rotodynamic pumps for industrial applications, including measuremen

21、ts on rotating shafts BS ISO 10816-3:2009ISO 10816-3:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved vIntroduction ISO 10816-1 is the basic document describing the general requirements for evaluating the vibration of various machine types when the vibration measurements are made on non-rotating parts. This par

22、t of ISO 10816 provides specific guidance for assessing the severity of vibration measured on bearings, bearing pedestals, or housings of industrial machines when measurements are made in situ. Two criteria are provided for assessing the machine vibration. One criterion considers the magnitude of th

23、e observed vibration; the second considers the changes in the magnitude. It must be recognized, however, that these criteria do not form the only basis for judging the severity of vibration. For some machine types, it is also common to judge the vibration based on measurements taken on the rotating

24、shafts. Shaft vibration measurement requirements and criteria are addressed in separate documents, namely ISO 7919-11and ISO 7919-32. BS ISO 10816-3:2009BS ISO 10816-3:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10816-3:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by

25、 measurements on non-rotating parts Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min when measured in situ 1 Scope This part of ISO 10816 gives criteria for assessing vibration levels when measurements are made in situ. The criteria spe

26、cified apply to machine sets having a power above 15 kW and operating speeds between 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min. The machine sets covered by this part of ISO 10816 include: steam turbines with power up to 50 MW; steam turbine sets with power greater than 50 MW and speeds below 1 500 r/min or above 3

27、 600 r/min (not included in ISO 10816-2); rotary compressors; industrial gas turbines with power up to 3 MW; generators; electrical motors of any type; blowers or fans. NOTE However, the vibration criteria presented in this part of ISO 10816 are generally only applicable to fans with power ratings g

28、reater than 300 kW or fans which are not flexibly supported. As and when circumstances permit, recommendations for other types of fans, including those with lightweight sheet metal construction, will be prepared. Until such time, classifications can be agreed between the manufacturer and the custome

29、r, using results of previous operational experience, see also ISO 146944. The following are excluded from this part of ISO 10816: land-based steam turbine generator sets with power greater than 50 MW and speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min (see ISO 10816-2); gas turbine se

30、ts with power greater than 3 MW (see ISO 10816-4); machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pumping plants (see ISO 10816-5); machines coupled to reciprocating machines (see ISO 10816-6); BS ISO 10816-3:2009ISO 10816-3:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved rotodynamic pumps including integrat

31、ed electric motors, i.e. where the impeller is mounted directly on the motor shaft or is rigidly attached to it (see ISO 10816-7); rotary positive displacement compressors (e. g. screw compressors); reciprocating compressors; reciprocating pumps; submerged motor-pumps; wind turbines. The criteria of

32、 this part of ISO 10816 apply to in situ broad-band vibration measurements taken on the bearings, bearing pedestals, or housing of machines under steady-state operating conditions within the nominal operating speed range. They relate to both acceptance testing and operational monitoring. The evaluat

33、ion criteria of this part of ISO 10816 are designed to apply to both continuous and non-continuous monitoring situations. This part of ISO 10816 encompasses machines which may have gears or rolling element bearings, but does not address the diagnostic evaluation of the condition of those gears or be

34、arings. The criteria are applicable only for the vibration produced by the machine set itself and not for vibration which is transmitted to the machine set from external sources. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dat

35、ed references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 496, Driving and driven machines Shaft heights ISO 2954, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery Requirements for instrume

36、nts for measuring vibration severity ISO 10816-1, Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 1: General guidelines 3 Measurement procedures and operational conditions 3.1 General The general measurement procedures are in accordance with ISO 10816-

37、1, subject to the recommendations specified below. 3.2 Measurement equipment The measurement equipment shall be capable of measuring broad-band root-mean-square (r.m.s.) vibration with flat response over a frequency range of at least 10 Hz to 1 000 Hz in accordance with the requirements of ISO 2954.

38、 Depending on the vibration criteria, this may require measurements of displacement or velocity or combinations of these (see ISO 10816-1). However, for machines with speeds approaching or below 600 r/min, the lower limit of the flat response frequency range shall not be greater than 2 Hz. NOTE If t

39、he measurement equipment is also to be used for diagnostic purposes, an upper frequency limit higher than 1 000 Hz may be necessary. BS ISO 10816-3:2009ISO 10816-3:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3Care should be taken to ensure that the measuring system is not influenced by environmental factor

40、s such as: temperature variations; magnetic fields; sound fields; power source variations; transducer cable length; transducer orientation. Particular attention should be given to ensure that the vibration transducers are correctly mounted and that such mountings do not degrade the accuracy of the m

41、easurements. 3.3 Measurement locations Measurements will usually be taken on exposed parts of the machine that are normally accessible. Care shall be taken to ensure that measurements reasonably represent the vibration of the bearing housing and do not include any local resonances or amplification.

42、The locations and directions of vibration measurements shall be such that they provide adequate sensitivity to the machine dynamic forces. Typically, this will require two orthogonal radial measurement locations on each bearing cap or pedestal, as shown in Figure 1 (for horizontally mounted machines

43、) and Figure 2 (for vertically mounted machines). NOTE Figure 2, which is taken from IEC 60034-14:20035, shows a motor mounted vertically on a solid steel plate or flange (e.g. of a driven machine) with a bore hole in the centre of the shaft extension. The main purpose of this figure is to identify

44、the measuring points for a vertical machine. The transducers may be placed at any angular position on the bearing housings or pedestals. Vertical and horizontal directions are usually preferred for horizontally mounted machines. For vertical or inclined machines, the location that gives the maximum

45、vibration reading, usually in the direction of the elastic axis, shall be one of those used. In some cases it may be recommended to measure also in the axial direction (see 5.2.4). The specific locations and directions shall be recorded with the measurement. A single transducer may be used on a bear

46、ing cap or pedestal in place of the more typical pair of orthogonal transducers if it is known to provide adequate information on the magnitude of the machine vibration. However, caution should be observed when evaluating vibration from a single transducer at a measurement plane since it may not be

47、oriented to provide a reasonable approximation to the maximum value at that plane. 3.4 Continuous and non-continuous monitoring It is common practice on large or critical machinery to have installed instrumentation for continuous on-line monitoring of vibration values at key measurement points. For

48、many machines, mainly those of small size or power, continuous monitoring of the vibration parameters is not necessarily carried out. Changes in unbalance, bearing performance, alignment, etc. can be detected with sufficient reliability from periodic measurements with permanently installed or hand-h

49、eld instruments. The use of computers for trend analysis and warning against malfunctions is also becoming more common. 3.5 Operational conditions Measurements shall be carried out when the rotor and the main bearings have reached their normal steady-state operating temperatures and with the machine running under specified conditions, for example at rated speed, voltage, flow, pressure and load. On machines with varying speeds or loads, measurements shall be ma