1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 10834:1992 Implementation of ISO 10834:1992 Textile floor coverings Non-destructive measurement of pile thickness above the backing WRONZ gauge method UDC 645.13-0.37:677.017.224:531.717BSISO10834:1992 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Tex
2、tiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 March 1993 BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TCM/3 Draft for comment 90/39997 DC ISBN 0 580 21649 7 Comm
3、ittees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee (TCM/-) to Technical Committee TCM/3, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consulting Scientists British Carpet Manu
4、facturers Association Ltd. British Polyolefin Textiles Association British Retail Consortium British Shops and Stores Association (BSSA) British Textile Confederation British Textile Technology Group Confederation of British Wool Textiles Limited Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Contract Flooring As
5、sociation Fibre Bonded Carpet Manufacturers Association Health Care Supplies South West Institute of Trading Standards Administration International Wool Secretariat Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO10834:1992 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside fro
6、nt cover National foreword ii Foreword iii Text of ISO 10834 1BSISO10834:1992 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 10834:1992 and implements it as the UK national standard. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Textiles and Clothing S
7、tandards Policy Committee whose Technical Committee TCM/3 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and Eu
8、ropean developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from BSI Sales Department, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6LE. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
9、Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theISO title page, pages ii to iv, pa
10、ges 1 to 4, an inside back cover and abackcover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.ISO10834:1992(E) ii BSI 11-1999 Contents Page Foreword iii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative refe
11、rences 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Principle 1 5 Apparatus 1 6 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing 1 7 Preparation of test specimens 3 8 Procedure 3 9 Calculation and expression of results 4 10 Test report 4 Annex A (informative) Values of Students t for probability level of 95 % and two-sided confidenc
12、es (i.e. limits) Inside back cover Figure 1 Exploded diagram of the WRONZ pile-thickness gauge 2 Figure 2 Tip of a tapestry needle 3 Descriptors: Textiles, floor coverings, textile floor coverings, pile fabrics, tests, non-destructive tests, thickness measurement.ISO10834:1992(E) BSI 11-1999 iii For
13、eword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a tech
14、nical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
15、 electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 10834 was p
16、repared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Sub-Committee SC 12, Textile floor coverings. Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.iv blankISO10834:1992(E) BSI 11-1999 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the measurement of the thickness of pile ab
17、ove the backing of a textile floor covering and is applicable to all textile floor coverings having a pile of cut or looped yarn. Where areas of different construction or thickness exist, these should be tested separately if possible. This method is non-destructive of the floor covering specimen and
18、 is useful particularly for production control in manufacture and for measurements on installed carpets. Due to different loading factors, this method and that of ISO 1766, in which the pile fibres are cut from the substrate, may not give identical results. In case of dispute or where maximum accura
19、cy is required, the pile thickness shall be determined by the method of ISO 1766. Because of this, care shall be exercised in comparing textile floor coverings with different substrates when using this gauge. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference
20、in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most
21、recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 139:1973, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. ISO 1766:1986, Textile floor coverings Determination of thickness of pile above the substr
22、ate. ISO 1957:1986, Machine-made textile floor coverings Sampling and cutting specimens for physical tests. ISO 2424:1992, Textile floor coverings Vocabulary. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 pile thickness the distance between the p
23、lanes of the upper surface of the pile and the upper surface of the backing when the surfaces are located respectively under conditions of standard pressure and standard loading NOTE 1This definition, being related to the instrument described in this International Standard, differs from the definiti
24、on “effective pile thickness” in ISO 2424. 3.2 standard loading a nominal force of 735 mN acting on each needle of a probe 4 Principle The pile thickness is determined by measuring the distance between the planes of the pile surface located under a standard pressure and the plane of the backing surf
25、ace located under a standard loading. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Measuring instrument, as illustrated in Figure 1, consisting of the following elements: 5.1.1 Plane circular presser foot, of area between300mm 2and 1 000 mm 2 , for locating the upper surface of the pile under a nominal standard pressure of 2,0
26、kPa. 5.1.2 Annular probe, for locating the upper surface of the backing under standard loading, consisting of six needles with 0,5 mm diameter and 75 tip cone angle (see Figure 2), arranged in a circle concentric with the presser foot and with an at least 20 mm larger diameter, the tips of the needl
27、es being disposed in a plane parallel to the face of the presser foot with a tolerance of parallelism of 1 in 500. 5.1.3 Smooth baseplate, of dimensions larger than the probe. 5.1.4 Dial gauge, capable of measuring the displacement of the probe and the presser foot to within 0,1 mm over a range of 5
28、0 mm. 5.1.5 Lifting handle, attached to the presser foot. 5.2 Straight edge, for example a ruler, for brushing the surface of the specimen. 6 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing Either conduct the test in the environment where the test material is available, i.e. in the place of manufacture or w
29、here the textile floor covering is installed, or conduct the test in one of the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing of textiles specified in ISO 139.ISO10834:1992(E) 2 BSI 11-1999 Figure 1 Exploded diagram of the WRONZ pile-thickness gaugeISO10834:1992(E) BSI 11-1999 7 Preparation of t
30、est specimens 7.1 Selection Where possible, select the specimens, or areas of textile floor covering to be measured, in accordance with the directions in ISO 1957. 7.2 Number, area and location of specimens Prepare sufficient specimens to allow atleast20measurements to be made. Test specimens shall
31、be at least 120 mm 120 mm, but they may be of any larger dimensions as required by other tests. Alternatively, several measurements may be made on one larger sample or on a textile floor covering in course of manufacture or already installed, provided the centres of the areas in contact with the pre
32、sser foot are not less than75mm apart and 20 mm from an edge and a substantially smooth horizontal surface (see 8.2) exists beneath the test area. Select the specimens from areas well away from distorted parts of the sample. 7.3 Brushing of pile For every situation, whether it concerns textile floor
33、 covering specimens in the laboratory, or product in the carpet mill or installed carpet, lightly brush the pile, first against and then with the direction of pile lean, using the straight edge (5.2). 7.4 Conditioning After brushing, lay each laboratory test specimen flat and condition for a minimum
34、 of 24 h in the standard atmosphere selected in accordance with clause 6. 8 Procedure 8.1 Place the measuring instrument (5.1) such that its probe (5.1.2) and presser foot (5.1.1) contact a smooth, horizontal surface and adjust the dial gauge(5.1.4) to zero. Check that all the needles contact the ho
35、rizontal surface and renew as necessary. 8.2 Ensure the specimen is lying use-surface uppermost on a smooth horizontal surface. 8.3 Holding the instrument by the lifting handle(5.1.5), lower it gently on to the specimen and note the gauge reading to the nearest 0,1 mm, within 5 s. None of the needle
36、s of the probe shall be within 20 mm of the edge of the specimen when a measurement is made. (When a specimen of more than one thickness level or pile construction is being tested, no part of the presser foot shall be within20mm of a change of construction.) The minimum distance between successive m
37、easurements shall be 25 mm and, where possible, the measurements shall be located on different machine-direction and cross-direction lines. 8.4 Unless otherwise directed in material specifications, make sufficient measurements to ensure that the mean of the values will have confidence limits (precis
38、ion) of 5 % at a probability level of 95 %. 8.4.1 If the typical coefficient of variation for the style of textile floor covering being tested is reliably known by prior experience, compute the number of measurements required to attain the desired confidence limits, using the equation given in 8.4.5
39、. 8.4.2 If there is no reliable prior knowledge regarding the coefficient of variation for the sample style, make 10 measurements. Dimensions in millimeters, except where otherwise stated Figure 2 Tip of a tapestry needleISO10834:1992(E) 4 BSI 11-1999 8.4.3 Calculate the mean and the coefficient of
40、variation for the measurements made. Compute the confidence limits CL, expressed as a percentage, using the equation: where NOTE 2Annex A contains selected values of Students t appropriate for use in the majority of situations that will arise in the use of this test procedure. 8.4.4 If the confidenc
41、e limits fall within 5 % (or other specified values), discontinue testing. 8.4.5 If the confidence limits fall outside 5 % (or other specified values), compute the total number of measurements n required, using the equation: where t, CV and CL are as defined in 8.4.3. 8.4.6 Make the additional measu
42、rements required and, using all values obtained, calculate anew the mean, the coefficient of variation and the confidence limits. 8.4.7 Repeat steps 8.4.4 to 8.4.6 as necessary until the final confidence limits fall within 5 % (or other specified values). 8.5 When a sample of textile floor coverings
43、 has distinct regions of different pile level or of different pile types (loop, cut, tip-sheared), test each level or type separately, following the procedure specified in8.4. 9 Calculation and expression of results For each thickness level or type of pile construction in the sample, calculate the a
44、rithmetic mean and the coefficient of variation of the pile thickness measurements. Record the mean to the nearest0,1mm. 10 Test report The test report shall include the following particulars: a) all the information necessary for complete identification of the sample; b) the date of the test; c) a r
45、eference to this International Standard; d) for the laboratory test, the standard atmosphere (ISO 139) used and, for tests outside the laboratory, the temperature and relative humidity at the test location, together with any other pertinent information regarding the location; e) for each thickness l
46、evel or type of pile construction in the sample, the arithmetic mean of the pile thickness, the coefficient of variation and the number of measurements made; f) any operations not specified in this International Standard or in the International Standards to which reference is made, or regarded as op
47、tional, which might have affected the results. t is the appropriate value of Students t; CV is the coefficient of variation, expressed as a percentage; n is the number of measurements.ISO10834:1992(E) BSI 11-1999 Annex A (informative) Values of Students t for probability level of 95 % and two-sided
48、confidences (i.e. limits) Number of specimens Degrees of freedom Students t 4 5 6 7 3 4 5 6 3,182 2,776 2,571 2,447 8 9 10 11 7 8 9 10 2,365 2,306 2,262 2,228 12 13 14 15 11 12 13 14 2,201 2,179 2,160 2,145 16 17 18 19 15 16 17 18 2,131 2,120 2,110 2,101 20 21 22 23 19 20 21 22 2,093 2,086 2,080 2,0
49、74 24 25 26 27 23 24 25 26 2,069 2,064 2,060 2,056 28 29 30 31 27 28 29 30 2,052 2,048 2,045 2,042 41 61 Z 40 60 Z 2,021 2,000 1,960BS ISO 10834:1992 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions BritishStandards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of BritishStandards should make sure that t
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