BS ISO 1143-2010 Metallic materials Rotating bar bending fatigue testing《金属材料 旋转钢筋弯曲疲劳测试》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 1143:2010Metallic materials Rotatingbar bending fatigue testingBS ISO 1143:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 1143

2、:2010. Itsupersedes BS3518-2:1962 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ISE/101/6, Fatigue testing of metals and metal matrixcomposites.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publi

3、cation does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 53936 7ICS 77.040.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the aut

4、hority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 1143:2010Reference numberISO 1143:2010(E)ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO1143Second edition2010-11-01Metallic materials Rotating bar bending fatigue testing Matriaux

5、 mtalliques Essais de fatigue par flexion rotative de barreaux BS ISO 1143:2010ISO 1143:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded

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10、 Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 1143:2010ISO 1143:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Symbols and designations.2 5 Principle of test2 6 Shape and size of specimen 3 6.1 Forms of the test se

11、ction3 6.2 Dimensions of specimens 3 7 Preparation of specimens.4 7.1 General .4 7.2 Selection of the specimen 4 7.3 Machining procedure 4 7.4 Sampling and marking5 7.5 Storage and handling6 8 Accuracy of the testing apparatus 6 9 Heating device and temperature measurement .6 10 Test procedure.6 10.

12、1 Mounting the specimen 6 10.2 Application of force.7 10.3 Frequency selection8 10.4 End of test 8 10.5 Procedure for testing at elevated temperature 8 10.6 Construction of the S-N diagram9 11 Presentation of fatigue test results .9 11.1 Tabular presentation.9 11.2 Graphical presentation .10 12 Test

13、 report10 Annex A (normative) Verification of the bending moment of rotating bar bending fatigue machines 17 Bibliography26 BS ISO 1143:2010ISO 1143:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standard

14、s bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organiz

15、ations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in

16、the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % o

17、f the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 1143 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanic

18、al testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 5, Fatigue testing. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 1143:1975), which has been technically revised. BS ISO 1143:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1143:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Metallic materials Rotating bar bending fati

19、gue testing 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the method for rotating bar bending fatigue testing of metallic materials. The tests are conducted at room temperature or elevated temperature in air, the specimen being rotated. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are i

20、ndispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 376, Metallic materials Calibration of force-proving instruments used for the verific

21、ation of uniaxial testing machines ISO 1099, Metallic materials Fatigue testing Axial force-controlled method ISO 12106, Metallic materials Fatigue testing Axial-strain-controlled method ISO 12107, Metallic materials Fatigue testing Statistical planning and analysis of data ISO 23718, Metallic mater

22、ials Mechanical testing Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1099, ISO 12106, ISO 12107, ISO 23718 and the following apply. 3.1 fatigue process of changes in properties which can occur in a metallic material due to the repeated

23、application of stresses or strains and which can lead to cracking or failure 3.2 fatigue life Nfnumber of cycles of a specified character that a given specimen sustains before failure of a specified nature occurs 3.3 S-N diagram diagram that shows the relationship between stress and fatigue life 3.4

24、 bending moment M multiplication between force and force arm length BS ISO 1143:2010ISO 1143:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.5 section modulus W ratio of the moment of inertia of the cross-section of a beam undergoing flexure to the greatest distance of an element of the beam from the neutra

25、l axis 3.6 machine lever ratio Mlrratio between the force applied to the weight hangar and the force applied to the specimen 3.7 force arm length L distance between the supporting point and the loading point See Figures 1 to 7. NOTE L1should equal L2for the four-point loading condition. 3.8 enduranc

26、e stress limit fatigue limit cyclic stress range applied to specimens that do not fail upon application of a given number of cycles NOTE 1 The cycle number limit selected, e.g. 107or 108cycles, shall be specified along with the stress range. NOTE 2 For a specified fatigue life, “endurance stress lim

27、it” has been supplanted by “fatigue limit” as the preferred term. 4 Symbols and designations Symbols and corresponding designations are given in Table 1, or elsewhere in this International Standard where they appear. Table 1 Symbols and designations Symbol Designation Unit D Diameter of gripped or l

28、oaded end of specimen mm d Diameter of specimen where stress is maximum mm NfFatigue life, cycles to failure cycle r Radius at ends of test section which starts transition from test diameter, d mm 5 Principle of test Nominally identical specimens are used, each being rotated and subjected to a bendi

29、ng moment. The forces giving rise to the bending moment do not rotate. The specimen may be mounted as a cantilever, with single-point or two-point loading, or as a beam, with four-point loading. The test is continued until the specimen fails or until a pre-determined number of stress cycles have bee

30、n achieved. BS ISO 1143:2010ISO 1143:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 36 Shape and size of specimen 6.1 Forms of the test section The test section may be a) cylindrical, with tangentially blending fillets at one or both ends (see Figures 1, 4 and 5), b) tapered (see Figure 2), or c) hourglass-ty

31、pe (see Figures 3, 6 and 7). In each case, the test section shall be of circular cross-section. The form of test section may be dependent on the type of loading to be employed. While cylindrical or hourglass-type specimens may be loaded as beams, or as cantilevers with either single-point or double-

32、point loading, the tapered form of specimen is used only as a cantilever with single-point loading. Figures 1 to 7 show, in schematic form, the bending moment and nominal stress diagrams for the various practical cases. The volumes of material subjected to greatest stresses are not the same for diff

33、erent forms of specimen, and they may not necessarily give identical results. The test in which the largest volume of material is highly stressed is preferred. Experience has shown that a ratio of at least 3:1 between the cross-sectional areas of the test portion and the gripping regions of the spec

34、imen is desirable. In tests on certain materials, a combination of high stress and high speed may cause excessive hysteresis heating of the specimen. This effect may be reduced by subjecting a smaller volume of the material to the specified stress. If the specimen is cooled, the test medium should b

35、e reported. 6.2 Dimensions of specimens All the specimens employed in a test series for a fatigue-life determination shall have the same size, shape and tolerance of diameter. For the purpose of calculating the force to be applied to obtain the required stress, the actual minimum diameter of each sp

36、ecimen shall be measured to an accuracy of 0,01 mm. Care shall be taken during the measurement of the specimen prior to testing to ensure that the surface is not damaged. On cylindrical specimens subject to constant bending moment (see Figures 4 and 5), the parallel test section shall be parallel wi

37、thin 0,025 mm. For other forms of cylindrical specimen (see Figure 1), the parallel test section shall be parallel within 0,05 mm. For material property determination, the transition fillets at the ends of the test section should have a radius not less than 3d. For hourglass-type specimens, the sect

38、ion formed by the continuous radius should have a radius not less than 5d. Figure 8 shows the shape and dimensions of a typical cylindrical specimen. The recommended values of d are 6 mm, 7,5 mm and 9,5 mm. The tolerance of diameter should be u0,005d. Figure 9 shows a typical hourglass specimen suit

39、able for fatigue testing at elevated temperature. Fatigue tests on notched specimens are not covered by this International Standard, since the shape and size of notched specimens have not been standardized. However, fatigue test procedures described in this International Standard may be applied to f

40、atigue tests of notched specimens. BS ISO 1143:2010ISO 1143:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserved7 Preparation of specimens 7.1 General In any rotating bar bending fatigue test programme designed to characterize the intrinsic properties of a material, it is important to observe the following recomm

41、endations in the preparation of specimens. A possible reason for deviation from these recommendations is if the test programme aims to determine the influence of a specific factor (surface treatment, oxidation, etc.) that is incompatible with the recommendations. In all cases, any deviation shall be

42、 noted in the test report. 7.2 Selection of the specimen The location, orientation and type of specimen shall be taken from the related product standard, or by agreement with the customer. The sampling of test materials from a semi-finished product or a component may have a major influence on the re

43、sults obtained during the test. It is therefore necessary for this sampling to be recorded and a sampling drawing be prepared. This shall form part of the test report and shall indicate clearly the position of each of the specimens removed from the semi-finished product or component, the characteris

44、tic directions in which the semi-finished product has been worked (direction of rolling, extrusion, etc., as appropriate), and the unique identification of each of the specimens. The unique mark or identification of each specimen shall be maintained at each stage of its preparation. This may be appl

45、ied using any reliable method in an area not likely to disappear during machining or likely to adversely affect the quality of the test. Upon completion of the machining process, it is desirable for both ends of each specimen to be uniquely marked so that, after failure of a specimen, each half can

46、still be identified. 7.3 Machining procedure 7.3.1 Heat treatment of test material If heat treatment is to be carried out after rough finishing of the specimens, it is preferable that the final polishing be carried out after the heat treatment. If that is not possible, the heat treatment should be c

47、arried out in a vacuum or in inert gas to prevent oxidation of the specimen. Stress relief is recommended in this case. This treatment shall not alter the micro-structural characteristic of the material under study. The specifics of the heat treatment and machining procedure shall be reported with t

48、he test results. 7.3.2 Machining criteria The machining procedure selected may produce residual stresses on the specimen surface likely to affect the test results. These stresses may be induced by heat gradients at the machining stage or they may be associated with deformation of the material or mic

49、ro-structural alterations. Their influence is less marked in tests at elevated temperatures because they are partially or totally relaxed once the temperature is attained. However, they should be reduced by using an appropriate final machining procedure, especially prior to a final polishing stage. For harder materials, grinding rather than turning or milling may be preferred. Grinding: from 0,1 mm above the final diameter, at a rate of no more than 0,005 mm/pass. Polishing: remove the final 0,025 mm with abrasives