1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 1268-2:2001 Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test plates Part 2: Contact and spray-up moulding ICS 83.120;83.140.10; NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS ISO 1268-2:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the di
2、rection of the Sector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 July 2001 BSI 07-2001 ISBN 0 580 37743 1 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 1268-2;2001 and implements it as the UK natio
3、nal standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/42, Fibre reinforced thermosetting plastics and prepregs, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-reference
4、s The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue
5、. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; p
6、resent to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover,
7、an inside front cover, ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1268-2 First edition 2001-03-15 Re
8、ference number ISO 1268-2:2001(E) Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test plates Part 2: Contact and spray-up moulding Plastiques renforcs de fibres Mthodes de fabrication de plaques dessai Partie 2: Moulage au contact et par projectionISO 1268-2:2001(E) iiISO 1268-2:2001(E) diii Content
9、s Page 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Health and safety 1 4 Principle 1 5 Materials . 2 6 Plate dimensions 2 7 Reinforcement content . 3 8 Apparatus . 3 9 Procedure . 4 10 Verification of the characteristics of the plate obtained 5 11 Marking . 5 12 Test plate preparation report 5 Annex A
10、Estimation of the number of reinforcement layers for various reinforcement materials. 7 A.1 Calculation method . 7 A.2 Product method . 7ISO 1268-2:2001(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies).
11、 The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
12、governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part
13、3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of thi
14、s part of ISO 1268 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 1268-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 13, Composites and reinforcement fibres. Together with t
15、he other parts (see below), this part of ISO 1268 cancels and replaces ISO 1268:1974, which has been technically revised. ISO 1268 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test plates: Part 1: General conditions Part 2: Contact and spray
16、-up moulding Part 3: Wet compression moulding Part 4: Moulding of prepregs Part 5: Filament winding Part 6: Pultrusion moulding Part 7: Resin transfer moulding Part 8: Compression moulding of SMC and BMC Part 9: Moulding of GMT/STC The following additional parts are in preparation: Part 10: Injectio
17、n moulding of SMC and BMC General principles and moulding of multipurpose test specimens Part 11: Injection moulding of SMC and BMC Small plates Annex A of this part of ISO 1268 is for information only.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1268-2:2001(E) d1 Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test p
18、lates Part 2: Contact and spray-up moulding 1 Scope This part of ISO 1268 specifies methods for preparing reinforced plastics test plates either by contact moulding or by spray-up moulding. It applies exclusively to glass reinforcements. It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 1268-1. 2 No
19、rmative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 1268. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based
20、 on this part of ISO 1268 are encouraged to investigate the possi- bility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently
21、valid International Standards. ISO 1172, Textile-glass-reinforced plastics Prepregs, moulding compounds and laminates Determination of the textile-glass and mineral-filler content Calcination methods. ISO 1268-1, Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test plates Part 1: General conditions.
22、3 Health and safety See ISO 1268-1. 4 Principle 4.1 Contact moulding Reinforcement layers (as described in 5.1) are placed on a rigid flat plate and manually impregnated with liquid ther- mosetting resin. The resin is formulated in accordance with the manufacturers instructions to attain cure within
23、 a pe- riod of time that allows completion of the lay-up, yet limits unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere. The glass fibre and resin are consolidated by means of a hand-operated roller. This method is suitable for any thermosetting resin that cures at room temperature without the need for addition
24、al pressure to be applied.ISO 1268-2:2001(E) 2 4.2 Spray-up moulding Textile glass rovings are chopped to predetermined lengths in a cutter and simultaneously combined with a stream of tiny resin droplets emerging from a spray-gun nozzle. This method is normally used with unsaturated-polyester res-
25、ins. Glass fibre and resin are dispersed on a rigid flat plate or a mould, and consolidated by means of a hand-operated roller. 5M a t e r i a l s 5.1 Contact moulding 5.1.1 Layers of reinforcing material, cut to the dimensions of the test plate, marking the warp and weft or pre- ferred direction wh
26、en appropriate. Suitable materials include chopped-strand mats with a binder that is soluble in the resin mix, woven fabrics made from rovings or yarns, multiaxial non-woven fabrics, etc. 5.1.2 Thermosetting resin and curing agents, mixed in accordance with the suppliers instructions for room tem- p
27、erature curing. 5.1.3 Release agent,tob eap p li edtoth em o ul do rp la teo nwhi chthetes tp l ateistobem ad e . 5.2 Spray-up moulding 5.2.1 Roving or yarn packages. 5.2.2 Pre-activated thermosetting resin (use a resin specially recommended for spray-up moulding). 5.2.3 Catalyst that is recommended
28、 for the resin used. 5.2.4 Release agent. 6 Plate dimensions 6.1 General The length, width and thickness of the plate will depend upon the material being processed and the method used for processing. 6.2 Contact moulding The recommended dimensions are . This size is sufficient to obtain test specime
29、ns for tensile and flexural tests along two perpendicular directions. The thickness shall be from to . 6.3 Spray-up moulding The recommended dimensions are . This size is sufficient to obtain test specimens for tensile and flexural tests along two perpendicular directions. The thickness shall not be
30、 greater than that which allows all air bubbles to be removed from the laminate by use of a roller (typically to ). 600 mm 600 mm 2mm 10mm 600 mm 600 mm 2mm 5mmISO 1268-2:2001(E) d3 7 Reinforcement content 7.1 General The reinforcement content of the laminate produced will depend on the type of rein
31、forcement used. The recom- mended percentage of reinforcement by mass for woven rovings is ; for mats and chopped rovings it is . 7.2 Contact moulding To achieve the thickness and reinforcement content desired, it may be necessary to conduct preliminary trials and measure these properties before the
32、 final technique for fabrication is determined. A guide to determining the number of layers of reinforcement to be used is given in annex A. 7.3 Spray-up moulding To achieve the thickness and reinforcement content desired, it may be necessary to conduct preliminary trials and measure these propertie
33、s before the final spraying technique is determined. Multiple sprayed layers are preferable to a single spray application and it is recommended that one layer of sprayed material has a thickness of about . 8A p p a r a t u s 8.1 Contact moulding 8.1.1 Scissors or knife, for cutting the reinforcement
34、 material. 8.1.2 Balance, accurate to the nearest . 8.1.3 Beakers, made of glass, plastic or uncoated paper (waxed paper is also suitable). 8.1.4 Brushes. 8.1.5 Mohair or steel rollers, with or without liner. 8.1.6 Rigid flat plate, made of polished steel or any other non-porous material, with raise
35、d edges (to prevent resin run-off) made from material which is not affected by the resin used. 8.1.7 Ventilated oven, with timer and controls (if necessary). 8.1.8 Desiccator (if necessary). 8.2 Spray-up moulding The apparatus specified in 8.1, plus the following: 8.2.1 Glass-chopper/spray-gun unit.
36、 8.2.2 Stopwatch. (50 3) % (32 4) % 1mm 0,1 gISO 1268-2:2001(E) 4 9 Procedure 9.1 Contact moulding 9.1.1 Prepare the test plate using the same parameters (number of layers, orientation, glass fibre content and type of resin) as would be used to produce the laminate being assessed. 9.1.2 Coat the pla
37、te or mould on which the laminate will be made with a layer of release agent, allow the layer to dry, and polish it if necessary. 9.1.3 Cut layers of reinforcement to the dimensions necessary to give a surface area large enough to enable the specified number of test specimens to be obtained. Follow
38、the manufacturers instructions regarding conditioning of the reinforcement material. Dry the material, if nec- essary, before processing. 9.1.4 Determine the total mass of the conditioned reinforcement layers. 9.1.5 Determine the amount of resin required to give the desired reinforcement content. Th
39、e following equation m a yb eu se dasag ui d ef ort h is : where is the mass of glass fibre, in grams; is the mass of resin, in grams; is the glass fibre content desired in the laminate, expressed as a percentage of the total mass. NOTE A excess of resin is included to compensate for losses due to r
40、esin spills along the edges, absorption by the rollers, etc. 9.1.6 Condition the resin to the temperature of the laminating room before addition of the curing agents. Once the resin is fully mixed, begin laminating immediately. 9.1.7 Apply a thin layer of resin and spread evenly over a surface area
41、equivalent to the laminate dimensions. The amount of resin to be used will depend on the thickness of the individual reinforcement layers. Then carefully place the first layer of reinforcement on the resin film. Once the resin has wetted the reinforcement from beneath, remove any remaining air pocke
42、ts by means of a roller. Next apply a further coat of resin and put a second layer of reinforcement material in place, impregnating it in the same way as described above. 9.1.8 When all the layers have been applied, proceed to the curing of the plate (see 9.3). 9.2 Spray-up moulding 9.2.1 Insert the
43、 specified type of glass fibre roving into the chopper and adjust the pressure between the cutter roller and anvil roller to give clean chopping without excessive friction. 9.2.2 Fill the dispenser tanks of the equipment with the pre-activated resin and the catalyst. m 1 m 2 m 2 =m 1 100w g w g 1,2
44、m 1 m 2 w g 20 %ISO 1268-2:2001(E) d5 9.2.3 Operate the chopper for exactly , then weigh the chopped fibres. Spray the resin for exactly , without using atomizing air, into a suitable receptacle (e.g. a paper cup) and weigh the resin in the receptacle. Adjust the pressure on the chopper and the spra
45、y gun to give the desired ratio of resin and glass fibre in the output. 9.2.4 Coat the plate or mould on which the laminate will be made with a layer of release agent, allow the layer to dry, and polish it if necessary. 9.2.5 Apply regular layers of chopped fibres and resin, rolling after the applic
46、ation of each layer to remove excess air. 9.2.6 When the required thickness has been reached, proceed to the curing of the plate (see 9.3). 9.3 Curing conditions Unless other conditions are recommended by the resin manufacturer, use one of the following: either leave the plate on its plate-mould for
47、 at room temperature; or release the plate from the plate-mould after a maximum of , place it on a plane support in an oven set at and leave in the oven at this temperature for . These curing conditions allow production of a stabilized material corresponding to general use. When a plate is spe- cifi
48、cally manufactured to fit particular needs, it is necessary to carry out, in addition, a post-curing stage, using times and temperatures in accordance with the resin manufacturers recommendations. On completion of curing, cool the plate for at room temperature, if applicable. Trim the edges of the p
49、late before taking test specimens. 10 Verification of the characteristics of the plate obtained Visually examine the plate obtained to determine if it is acceptable in appearance. If so, determine the fibre content by the method specified in ISO 1172. The recommended values of the fibre content are given in 7.1. If required, determine the void content by a suitable method. 11 Marking Mark each plate with a reference linking it with the relevant test plate preparation report. 12 Test plate preparation report The t
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