1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 13003:2003 Fibre-reinforced plastics Determination of fatigue properties under cyclic loading conditions ICS 83.120 BS ISO 13003:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3 February 2004 BSI 3 February 2004
2、ISBN 0 580 43367 6 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 13003:2003 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/42, Fibre reinforced thermosetting plastics and prepregs, which has the respon
3、sibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “Int
4、ernational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a
5、British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related internationa
6、l and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 17 and a back cover, The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.
7、 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 13003:2003(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13003 First edition 2003-12-15 Fibre-reinforced plastics Determination of fatigue properties under cyclic loading conditions Plastiques renforcs de fibres Dtermination des proprit
8、s de fatigue en conditions de chargement cycliques BSISO13003:2003ii BSISO13003:2003ISO 13003:2003(E) iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle . 6 5 Apparatus. 7 6 Preparation and checking of test specimens. 7 7 Number of test specimens
9、 . 7 8 Conditioning and test environments 8 9 Procedure. 8 10 Presentation of results . 9 11 Precision 10 12 Test report 11 Annex A (informative) Additional recommendations for flexural-test procedures 13 Annex B (informative) Additional recommendations for tensile-test procedures. 15 Bibliography .
10、 17 BSISO13003:2003ISO 13003:2003(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member bo
11、dy interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrot
12、echnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted b
13、y the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent ri
14、ghts. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13003 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 13, Composites and reinforcement fibres. BSISO13003:2003 1Fibre-reinforced plastics Determination of fatigue properties under cycl
15、ic loading conditions 1 Scope This International Standard defines the general procedures for fatigue testing of fibre-reinforced plastic composites under cyclic loading conditions of constant amplitude and constant frequency. Although these general procedures are applicable to all modes of testing a
16、nd test machine control, care will be required in their application in each case. Prior experience has been mainly with tensile and flexural fatigue testing based on the equivalent static (monotonic) test methods. Fatigue tests on unidirectionally reinforced carbon-fibre systems in the fibre directi
17、on are particularly difficult to perform. In some cases, such as fracture toughness crack propagation, specific tests may exist that should be used in preference to this International Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this do
18、cument. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 527-4, Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 4:
19、Test conditions for isotropic and orthotropic fibre-reinforced plastic composites ISO 527-5, Plastics Determination of tensile properties Part 5: Test conditions for unidirectional fibre- reinforced plastic composites ISO 1268 (all parts), Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test plates I
20、SO 14125, Fibre-reinforced plastic composites Determination of flexural properties 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 stress (induced in test specimen) nominal stress calculated, using the relevant equation given in the monotonic
21、 (static) test method used, from the measured load NOTE It is expressed in megapascals. BSISO13003:20031IS:30031 O3002(E) 2 3.2 strain (imposed on test specimen) fractional elongation of the highest-loaded portion of the test specimen (e.g. the outer surface of a flexure specimen) NOTE It is calcula
22、ted from the relevant equation given in the test method used and expressed as a dimensionless ratio. 3.3 waveform shape of the cyclic variation of the applied stress (load) or strain (displacement) between constant maximum and minimum values NOTE The default waveform shape is a sine waveform. Figure
23、 1 gives an example of a constant-amplitude, constant- frequency sine wave. Other waveform shapes, such as square, triangular and saw-tooth, are also used. Key X time Y applied stress or strain X X maxmaximum (or peak) value of X X mmean value of X X m= (X max+ X min )/2 X minminimum (or trough) val
24、ue of X X aamplitude of X 2X aextent of variation of X (peak-to-peak amplitude) a1 cycle Figure 1 Example of sine waveform cycle 3.4 cycle single completed waveform from any point on the waveform (e.g. mean, peak) to the next occurrence of the same point 3.4.1 type of cycle the type of cycle is defi
25、ned by the position of the signal in relation to zero stress (load) or strain (displacement) NOTE Figure 2 gives examples of stress cycles. For strain or deflection displacement cycles, strain or displacement terms replace stress terms. BSISO13003:20032IS:30031 O3002(E) 3Key X time, t Y stress, (or
26、strain, ) 1 compression-compression region 2 tension-compression region 3 tension-tension region 4 compression-compression cycle 5 zero-compression alternating cycle 6 compression-dominated alternating cycle 7 fully reversed or fully alternating cycle 8 tension-dominated alternating cycle 9 alternat
27、ing cycles 10 zero-tension cycle 11 tension-tension cycle Figure 2 Examples of cycle types 3.5 frequency f number of cycles, or part cycles, completed in 1 s, expressed in hertz BSISO13003:20033IS:30031 O3002(E) 4 I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr3.6 stress, strain and displacement values 3.6.1 maximum
28、stress maxmaximum strain maxmaximum displacement d maxhighest value reached periodically by the stress, expressed in megapascals, or by the strain, expressed in percent, or by the displacement, expressed in millimetres 3.6.2 minimum stress minminimum strain minminimum displacement d minlowest value
29、reached by the stress, expressed in megapascals, or by the strain, expressed in percent, or by the displacement, expressed in millimetres 3.6.3 mean stress mmean strain mmean displacement d malgebraic mean of the maximum and minimum stresses, strains or displacements: max min m2 + = (1) max min m 2
30、+ = (2) max min m 2 dd d + = (3) 3.6.4 stress amplitude astrain amplitude adisplacement amplitude d avalue equal to half of the difference between the maximum and minimum stresses, strains or displacements: max min a 2 = (4) max min a 2 = (5) max min a 2 dd d = (6) NOTE In some cases, the extent of
31、the stress, strain or displacement peak-to-peak variation is quoted (i.e. twice the stress, strain or displacement amplitude). BSISO13003:20034IS:30031 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 53.6.5 stress ratio R strain ratio R displacement ratio R dratio of the minimum stress, strain or displacemen
32、t to the maximum stress, strain or displacement within a cycle: min max R = (7) min max R = (8) min max d d R d = (9) NOTE For example, R = 1 is fully reversed tension and compression of equal magnitude, while R = 0,1 is tension- tension cycling where the minimum value is 0,1 the maximum value. 3.7
33、load F the load, measured by a load sensor, on the specimen NOTE The maximum and minimum values for each loading cycle are F maxand F min , expressed in newtons. 3.7.1 initial load F iabsolute value of the maximum amplitude of the load, measured before the end of the first 100 cycles or when steady
34、conditions are obtained NOTE Its value can be obtained either by an individual measurement or by sampling over several cycles. It is expressed in newtons. 3.7.2 load ratio R Fratio of the minimum load to the maximum load within a cycle min max F F R F = 3.8 initial stress istress calculated from the
35、 initial load (3.7.1) NOTE It is expressed in megapascals. 3.9 fatigue life N fnumber of cycles to which a test specimen is subjected until failure occurs or the test is terminated BSISO13003:20035IS:30031 O3002(E) 6 I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevrNOTE 1 For displacement-controlled tests in which fail
36、ure does not occur either by separation of the specimen into two or more parts or by excessive general damage (i.e. so that the load can no longer be sustained by the specimen), the end of the test is defined as a damage level (or damage rate) related to a reduction in test specimen stiffness (e.g.
37、5 % to 20 %). The damage level is normally taken as a 20 % reduction in the absolute value. NOTE 2 When the test is terminated before either failure or the stiffness limit criterion is reached (i.e. the test duration to obtain failure is considered excessive), the fatigue life is not defined, but is
38、 only greater than the duration of the test. These tests are referred to as “run-outs” and the data point is often indicated on plots of stress or strain against the number of cycles by adding an arrow pointing to a higher test duration (e.g. x , o ). 3.10 ultimate properties 3.10.1 ultimate tensile
39、/fluxural strength at the static (standard) loading rate UTS SUFS Sparameter given by the test method used, e.g. UTS Sfor tensile strength by ISO 527-4 or ISO 527-5; UFS Sfor flexural strength by ISO 14125 3.10.2 ultimate tensile/fluxural strength at the fatigue loading rate UTS FUFS Fparameter give
40、n by tests at the fatigue loading rate, e.g. UTS Ffor tensile strength and UFS Ffor flexural strength NOTE 1 The fatigue loading rate is taken as that resulting in failure in a time equivalent to 0,5 the cycle time, i.e. Test duration (s) = 0,5 frequency (Hz) NOTE 2 It can be set at the same frequen
41、cy as the fatigue tests using a triangular waveform with an amplitude sufficient to cause ultimate failure. N.B. For a rate-dependent material, such as continuously reinforced glass-fibre- reinforced plastic, this may be significantly higher ( 40 %) than the static strength. 4 Principle A continuous
42、ly alternating mechanical load or applied displacement is applied at constant frequency to the test specimen. The test may be carried out at a constant stress (load) amplitude, a constant strain amplitude or a constant displacement amplitude. The test method, specimen dimensions and calculations use
43、d are the same as those used in the equivalent test mode under static (monotonic) loading conditions. NOTE 1 For example, tensile fatigue tests use ISO 527-4 or ISO 527 5 (N.B. these specimens are not suitable for fully reversed loading without support against buckling in compression, cf. ISO 14126,
44、 Fibre-reinforced plastic composites Determination of compressive properties in the in-plane direction). Flexural fatigue tests use ISO 14125. NOTE 2 There are no major differences between the operation of the fatigue machine in the different control modes (e.g. load, displacement) but there are maj
45、or differences in the definition of the end-point of the test (see 3.9). Recommendations for particular test modes are given in Annex A (flexural tests) and Annex B (tensile tests). BSISO13003:20036IS:30031 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 75 Apparatus 5.1 Test machine A test machine suitable
46、for the test mode selected (e.g. tension, flexure) shall be used. The equipment shall be suitable for applying the required number of cycles for several tests (e.g. W 10 8cycles), in the required waveform(s) (e.g. sine, square, triangular, saw-tooth). The number of cycles applied shall be measured d
47、irectly or obtained from a knowledge of the applied frequency and test duration. 5.2 Sensors and associated electronics This equipment shall be capable of measuring continuously the variation in load, displacement or other parameters, such as strain, to within 2 % of full scale, depending on the con
48、trol mode in use. NOTE The choice of the force sensor and its full-scale range is linked to the desired measurement sensitivity and to the characteristics of the moving element of the sensor (i.e. its dimensions and mass will affect the frequency response and the magnitude of inertia effects). The u
49、se of fatigue-rated sensors is recommended. 6 Preparation and checking of test specimens 6.1 Preparation of the test specimens Test specimens as specified by the test method standard used shall be cut from test panels prepared in accordance with the relevant part of ISO 1268 or from flat areas of the product under test. The mechanical properties of components or sub-components
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