1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationTrenchless applications of ductile iron pipes systems Product design and installationBS ISO 13470:2012National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 13470
2、:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteePSE/10, Iron pipes and fittings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
3、 Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012 ISBN 978 0 580 69744 9 ICS 23.040.10; 77.140.75Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under
4、the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2012. Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 13470:2012 ISO 2012Trenchless applications of ductile iron pipes systems Product design and installationApplication des systmes de canali
5、sations en fonte ductile en pose sans tranche Conception des produits et mise en oeuvreINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO13470First edition2012-07-01Reference numberISO 13470:2012(E)BS ISO 13470:2012ISO 13470:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved. Unle
6、ss otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO co
7、pyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 13470:2012ISO 13470:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Terms and definition
8、s . 14 Trenchless technologies . 34.1 General . 34.2 Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) 34.3 Pipe bursting (PB) . 54.4 Casing method (CM) . 64.5 Pipe jacking (PJ) 75 Technical requirements . 85.1 General requirements . 85.2 Coatings and linings for pipes .105.3 Joint protection 116 Performance re
9、quirements joints .126.1 General requirements .126.2 Requirements for joints for pulling methods .126.3 Joints for pushing method137 Test methods 157.1 Pulling force resistance measurement 157.2 Pushing force resistance 158 Laying procedure .168.1 General .168.2 Pulling methods .168.3 Pushing method
10、s 178.4 Site pressure test 188.5 Safety procedures .18Bibliography .19BS ISO 13470:2012ISO 13470:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normal
11、ly carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the
12、 work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare Int
13、ernational Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of t
14、he elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 13470 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 5, Ferrous metal pipes and metallic fittings, Subcommittee SC 2, Cast iron pipes, fittings and their
15、joints.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 13470:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13470:2012(E)Trenchless applications of ductile iron pipes systems Product design and installation1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the requirements, test methods and installation technologies applicable to
16、ductile iron pipes used in trenchless applications: to convey water or wastewater; operated with or without pressure.NOTE In this International Standard, all pressures are relative pressures expressed in bar(s)1).This International Standard specifies materials, dimensions and tolerances, mechanical
17、properties and standard coatings of pipes, fittings and accessories. It also gives performance requirements for all components including joints.Joint design and gasket shapes are outside the scope of this International Standard.This International Standard applies to pipes, fittings and accessories c
18、ast by any type of foundry process or manufactured by fabrication of cast components, as well as corresponding joints, of a size range DN 80 to DN 2 600 inclusive.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, on
19、ly the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2531, Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water applicationsISO 7186, Ductile iron products for sewerage applicationsISO 8180, Ductile
20、 iron pipes Polyethylene sleeving for site applicationISO 10804, Restrained joint systems for ductile iron pipelines Design rules and type testingEN 14628, Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories External polyethylene coating for pipes Requirements and test methodsEN 15189, Ductile iron pipes,
21、fittings and accessories External polyurethane coating for pipes Requirements and test methodsEN 15542, Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories External cement mortar coating for pipes Requirements and test methods3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and
22、 definitions apply.1) 100 kPa = 1 bar. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 13470:2012ISO 13470:2012(E)3.1allowable angular deflectionangular deflection that a joint between two components can safely withstand in service under the allowable operating pressure (PFA)3.2allowable pulling forcemaximum p
23、ulling force that can be applied on a string of pipes during laying by horizontal directional drilling, pipe bursting or casing technologies3.3allowable pushing forcemaximum pushing force that can be applied on a string of pipes during laying by pipe jacking, pipe bursting or casing technologies3.4b
24、entoniteclay mineral, primarily montmorilonite, with high swelling properties, which forms the primary component in drilling muds used in horizontal directional drilling technology3.5borecavity that is created to receive a pipe or conduit3.6casingcontinuous structural shell that acts as an envelope
25、and support for the service pipeline during construction and service3.7casing methodmethod in which a casing is put into place and then a pipe is inserted into the casing 3.8drilling fluidfluid created by mixing water and bentonite as well as other additives to facilitate drilling and transport of d
26、rill cuttings from the drill bit to the surface3.9horizontal directional drillingsteerable method for the underground installation of pipes using a surface launched drilling rig3.10pilot holeinitial bore drilled along the drill path3.11pipe bursting methodmethod for replacement of an existing pipe b
27、y longitudinal splitting3.12pipe jacking methodsystem of directly installing pipes behind a cutting head and/or shield, by hydraulic thrust3.13pulling headreusable component mounted at the beginning of the pipe string, which transmits the pulling force from the drilling rod to the pipes3.14service p
28、ipelineductile iron pipeline intended to carry water or wastewater, operated with or without pressure2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 13470:2012ISO 13470:2012(E)3.15sheathcoating, sleeving or encasement of the pipe body, which makes the profile uniformly cylindrical See Figure 6.3.16trenchless t
29、echnologyany technology for constructing pipelines in the ground without opening trenches4 Trenchless technologies4.1 GeneralThis International Standard deals with the following trenchless technologies: horizontal directional drilling (HDD); pipe bursting (PB); casing method (CM); pipe jacking (PJ).
30、See Table 1.Table 1 Corresponding DNs for trenchless technologiesPulling methods Pushing methodsHorizontal directional drilling (HDD) YesDN 100 to DN 1 200NoPipe bursting (PB) YesDN 100 to DN 1 200YesDN 100 to DN 1 200Casing method (CM) YesDN 80 to DN 2 600YesDN 80 to DN 2 600Pipe jacking (PJ) No Ye
31、sDN 250 to DN 2 6004.2 Horizontal directional drilling (HDD)4.2.1 GeneralHDD is a steerable trenchless method of installing underground pipes along a prescribed bore path by using a surface launched drilling rig, with minimum impact on the environment (see Figure 1). Directional boring is used where
32、 trenching or excavating is not practicable. It is suitable for a variety of soil conditions and projects, including road and river crossings.The sequence of operations is generally divided into three successive steps.4.2.2 First step Pilot boreThe pilot bore is the first step in producing a bore, r
33、unning from the starting point to the arrival pit, and is driven under steered control by a drilling head at the tip of a drilling string.An aqueous suspension of bentonite emerges at high pressure from the drilling head, which drives the head forward, ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 13470:2012
34、ISO 13470:2012(E) helps to cut the soil, carries away the cut material, and supports the bore.The pilot bore is steered by controlled rotation of the drilling head; it is detected above the path of the bore by radio signals, gyroscope or other means.4.2.3 Second step Upsize boreDuring upsizing, an u
35、psizing head is pulled through the bore, while rotating continuously; in this way, it enlarges the size of the pilot bore.The soil that is cut away is carried out with the drilling mud, which also supports the bore.The upsizing process is repeated with increasingly larger heads until the bore is of
36、the desired diameter.4.2.4 Third step Pulling inFor this third step, prior to pulling the pipes, three devices are attached to the drilling rods: a reaming tool; a rotary joint (which stops the string of pipes from turning with the reaming tool); a pulling head (connected to the string of pipes by m
37、echanical locking).As the pulling in progresses, drilling mud is pumped through the drilling linkage. It emerges from the reaming tool, carrying away the soil and reducing the frictional forces.Key1 drilling unit2 tunnel head earthworks3 piloting the drill4 tunnel exit earthworks5 anchored joint duc
38、tile iron pipesFigure 1 Horizontal directional drilling method4 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 13470:2012ISO 13470:2012(E)4.3 Pipe bursting (PB)4.3.1 GeneralThe pipe bursting technique is used for the trenchless renovation of pipelines where the new pipeline is meant to follow the same path as t
39、he old (see Figure 2). For this purpose, the existing old pipeline is destroyed by a bursting head; at the same time, the fragments are pushed into the surrounding soil and the new run of pipe is pulled in.Old pipes made of brittle as well as of ductile materials, such as steel or ductile iron pipes
40、, may be renewed by this process, where suitable bursting or cutting heads are used. Before the pipe bursting operation, the existing profile of the piping shall be known. The trench shall be opened and the bends shall be removed. The valves and the concrete block shall be removed.The new pipe which
41、 is pulled in may be of the same nominal size as the old pipe or, as dictated by the widening head which is used, of a larger size.Because the soil conditions are generally unknown and, above all, because of the sharp-edged fragments, which most certainly occur with the burst lining technique, care
42、should be taken to see that the pipeline material used is one which is not sensitive to factors of this kind.With pipe bursting, a distinction is made between the dynamic and static variants.4.3.2 Dynamic variantWhere using the dynamic variant, the force required for bursting is applied in the longi
43、tudinal direction of the pipe using a suitable pneumatic bursting tool. This is driven by a compressor, which is connected to it by a flexible hose. To guide the bursting head, it is pulled along by a winch from the arrival pit on a hook-equipped pulling rope, which is pulled through the old pipe.Th
44、e dynamic variant is particularly suitable for highly compacted and stony soils.4.3.3 Static variantIn this case, a widening head (the first widened part of which may be fitted with breaker ribs) is pulled through the old pipeline from the pulling unit to the bursting head, which operates continuous
45、ly and without any vibration, and in this way, the old pipeline is burst open.The new pipes are coupled straight to the bursting/widening head and are pulled into the bore, which is widened to approximately a 10 % oversize.The static variant is well suited to homogeneous soils, which can be easily d
46、isplaced.For ductile pipes (e.g. steel pipes and ductile iron pipes), a cutting head with roll knives cuts the pipe longitudinally, with subsequent widening of the cut pipe. The new pipes are pulled into this widened pipe. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 13470:2012ISO 13470:2012(E)Key1 starting
47、 point of earthworks2 intermediate point of earthworks3 exit point of earthworks4 expansion cone and drawing tool5 waste6 bursting cone7 traction rod segment8 new ductile iron pipe9 old pipeFigure 2 Pipe bursting method4.4 Casing method (CM)4.4.1 GeneralIn the casing method, a casing is first instal
48、led through the soil, between two pits on the pipeline alignment (see Figure 3). Ductile iron pipes are subsequently inserted through the casing, building the pipeline by adding and jointing one pipe at a time. The process continues until the service pipeline is completed, at which time it is connec
49、ted and commissioned.This method is also well established to renovate old pipelines for water or sewerage by pulling or pushing in new pipes, where the hydraulic design allows a diminution of the internal diameter.4.4.2 Installing the casingThe casing normally comprises 6 m long steel cylindrical shells or sections with a D/t (mean diameter divided by the shell thickness) fraction/quotient of approximately 120 to 150. It is installed between a launching pit and receiving pit. A hydraulic jac
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