BS ISO 13611-2014 Interpreting Guidelines for community interpreting《口译 社团口译指南》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 13611:2014Interpreting Guidelines forcommunity interpretingBS ISO 13611:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 13611:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TS/1, Terminolog

2、y.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Stan

3、dards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 70762 9ICS 01.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

4、Date T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 13611:2014 ISO 2014Interpreting Guidelines for community interpretingInterprtation Lignes directrices pour linterprtation en milieu socialINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO13611First edition2014-12-01Reference numberISO 13611:2014(E)BS ISO 13611:2014ISO 13611:2014(E)ii ISO

5、2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet,

6、without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in Sw

7、itzerlandBS ISO 13611:2014ISO 13611:2014(E)Contents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Terms and definitions . 12.1 Concepts related to interpreting activities . 12.2 Concepts related to interpreted communicative events . 32.3 Concepts related to people or organizations involved in interpreti

8、ng . 42.4 Concepts related to language, language content, and language competences . 42.5 Concepts related to translation as differentiated from interpreting 53 Basic principles of community interpreting 53.1 Nature of community interpreting 53.2 The work of community interpreters 63.3 End users of

9、community interpreting services . 63.4 Interpreting service providers (ISPs) . 63.5 Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice . 64 Community interpreters competences and qualifications . 74.1 General . 74.2 Competences . 74.3 Research skills . 84.4 Interpersonal skills . 84.5 Evidence of qualificatio

10、ns 85 Recommendations for clients and end users 96 Responsibilities of interpreting service providers (ISPs) 106.1 Role of ISPs 106.2 ISPs responsibilities to the client 106.3 ISPs responsibilities to community interpreters 107 Role and responsibilities of community interpreters 117.1 Role of the co

11、mmunity interpreter . 117.2 Responsibilities of the community interpreter to the ISP 12Annex A (informative) Community interpreting: Issues, classification, and terminological challenges 13Annex B (informative) Alphabetical index of vocabulary in Clause 2 .14Bibliography .15 ISO 2014 All rights rese

12、rved iiiBS ISO 13611:2014ISO 13611:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member b

13、ody interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electro

14、technical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of I

15、SO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held re

16、sponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information giv

17、en for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the followin

18、g URL: Foreword - Supplementary information.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 37, Terminology and other language and content resources, Subcommittee SC 5, Translation, interpreting and related technology.iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 13611:2014ISO 13611:2014(E)Introductio

19、nThis International Standard was developed in response to a worldwide need to accommodate linguistic, cultural, and ethnic diversity of people who interact via oral and signed communication. In every nation of the world, there are groups of people who do not speak the language of the majority, regar

20、dless of whether they live in their country of citizenship or birth. These linguistic minorities access services through community interpreters, also called public service interpreters (See Annex A for further details). Community interpreting is essential for members of linguistic minorities who wis

21、h to exercise their right to communicate and access services. Community interpreting puts the minority language speaker, who seeks access to a community service, on the same footing as a native speaker of the societal language. The growing cultural and ethnic diversity adds specific challenges to th

22、e requirement of delivering services to consumers who do not share the societal language(s). In both urban and rural areas, speakers of the societal language and linguistic minorities communicate effectively, deliver, and access services through community interpreters.Given the diversity of our worl

23、d, encounters in which participants do not share a language are becoming more and more common. Community interpreting is a means by which service providers can ensure that the same access to quality of services is offered to all linguistic communities, regardless of their culture or language.Communi

24、ty interpreting has become established as a professional type of interpreting. There are various codes and standards for specific settings (e.g. healthcare interpreting), but there are currently no universally agreed rules or standards for community interpreters, who are called to work in many diffe

25、rent types of community settings.It is important to stress that interpreting differs from translation as it deals mainly with oral or signed communication rather than written communication. Community interpreting occurs in a wide variety of dissimilar settings and should not be confused with other t

26、ypes of interpreting. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 13611:2014BS ISO 13611:2014Interpreting Guidelines for community interpreting1 ScopeThis International Standard establishes criteria and recommendations for community interpreting during oral and signed communication that enables access to s

27、ervices for people who have limited proficiency in the language of such services. Community interpreting occurs in a wide variety of private and public settings and supports equal access to community and/or public services.This International Standard addresses community interpreting as a profession,

28、 not as an informal practice such as interpreting performed by friends, family members, children, or other persons who do not have the competences and qualifications specified in this International Standard or who do not follow a relevant Code of Ethics.This International Standard is a guidance docu

29、ment. It establishes and provides the basic principles and practices necessary to ensure quality community interpreting services for all language communities, for end users, as well as for requesters, and service providers. Furthermore, it provides general guidelines that are common to all forms of

30、community interpreting. This International Standard is applicable to settings wherever speakers of non-societal languages need to communicate to access services. The settings vary and can include, among others, the following: public institutions (schools, universities, community centres, etc.); huma

31、n and social services (refugee boards, self-help centres, etc.); healthcare institutions (hospitals, nursing homes, etc.); business and industry (real estate, insurance, etc.); faith-based organizations (rituals, ceremonies, etc.); emergency situations (natural disasters, epidemics, etc.).Interpreti

32、ng that enables access to services may include services provided in legal settings (police stations, courts, prisons, etc.) that facilitate equal access to justice. In some countries, legal interpreting, a broad field that includes court interpreting, is not considered part of community interpreting

33、. This International Standard does not supersede national standards or legislation which addresses any sector of interpreting, including court or legal interpreting (See Annex A for further details).This International Standard also provides guidance for the provision of community interpreting servic

34、es. As a result, this International Standard addresses and refers to all parties involved in facilitating any communicative event that enables access to community services, such as members of linguistic minorities, community interpreters, community-interpreting service providers, public institutions

35、, and other stakeholders who provide services to diverse linguistic communities.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.2.1 Concepts related to interpreting activities2.1.1interpreting, verbrendering a spoken or signed source language (2.4.

36、5) message into a spoken or signed target language (2.4.6) in real timeINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13611:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 13611:2014ISO 13611:2014(E)2.1.2community interpretingpublic service interpretingbidirectional interpreting that takes place in communicative settings

37、(2.2.3) among speakers of different languages for the purpose of accessing community servicesNote 1 to entry: Community interpreting may involve both private and public services provided by private or public interpreting service providers (2.3.1). Community interpreting is not limited to accessing s

38、ocial services and includes, for example, services to tourists and disaster victims.2.1.3consecutive interpreting modeinterpreting where the rendering of speech is performed into the other language at appropriate pauses or intervals during the interactionNote 1 to entry: Consecutive interpreting mod

39、e is best suited to community interpreting and it is considered the default or most common mode.Note 2 to entry: The intervals can be arranged beforehand between speakers and the community interpreter (2.3.3).Note 3 to entry: The ability for note-taking (2.1.7) is recommended for consecutive interpr

40、eting mode.Note 4 to entry: More time is recommended for interpreted communicative events (2.2.2) using consecutive interpreting mode.Note 5 to entry: Community interpreters are allowed and sometimes even encouraged to request clarification when it is apparent that an end user has difficulty underst

41、anding a particular concept during the interpreted session.2.1.4simultaneous interpreting modeinterpreting where the rendering of a speech into another language is done at the same time as the speaker/signer is delivering the speech2.1.5chuchotagesimultaneous interpreting mode (2.1.4) where the rend

42、ering is whisperedNote 1 to entry: Chuchotage is sometimes used when sound equipment is not available or when the audience is too small to justify the use of sound equipment.2.1.6healthcare interpretingmedical interpretingcommunity interpreting (2.1.2) that occurs when individuals are accessing serv

43、ices that deal with medicine and/or healthcare and where community interpreters (2.3.3) facilitate communication between patients and their families, healthcare providers, and healthcare administratorsNote 1 to entry: The communicative setting (2.2.3) can be a doctors office, a house call, a hospita

44、l, a health clinic, or other medical or healthcare institution.2.1.7note-takinginterpreting (2.1.1) technique used to aid the community interpreters (2.3.3) memory and attention by noting important terms, links, and dataNote 1 to entry: The important information for noting can include items such as

45、dates and figures.2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 13611:2014ISO 13611:2014(E)2.1.8sight translationprocess of rendering written content in the source language (2.4.5) into the target language (2.4.6) in oral or signed form in real timeNote 1 to entry: Sight translation occurs frequently in comm

46、unity interpreting (2.1.2) (e.g. sight translating of medical test results, administrative forms in government institutions, etc.).2.1.9remote interpretinginterpreting (2.1.1) using specialized equipment to communicate between the parties2.1.10telephone interpretingremote interpreting (2.1.9) using

47、specialized telephone systems2.1.11video interpreting remote interpreting (2.1.9) using specialized television screens/monitors2.1.12relay interpretinginterpreting (2.1.1) that occurs when an interpreters source input comes from another interpreters rendition rather than directly from the speakerNot

48、e 1 to entry: When there are several target languages in a meeting and the interpreters of those languages do not all understand the language of the speaker (e.g. Urdu), a source language interpreter renders the text to a language common to all interpreters in the meeting (e.g. from Urdu to English)

49、 who then interpret into their respective target language (e.g. from English to French, German, Italian, Nahuatl, Spanish, Welsh, etc.).2.2 Concepts related to interpreted communicative events2.2.1communicative eventevent during which information is transmitted between two or more partiesNote 1 to entry: Intention, form, gist, gesture, pauses, silences, and tone used in a communicative event can affect the transmitted information2.2.2interpreted communicative eventcommunicative event (2.2.1) where interpreting (2.1.1) facilitates communicati