BS ISO 14791-2000 Road vehicles Heavy commercial vehicle combinations and articulated buses Lateral stability test methods《道路车辆 重型商用列车和铰接式大客车 横向稳定性试验方法》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 14791:2000Road vehicles Heavycommercial vehiclecombinations and articulatedbuses Lateral stability testmethodsCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted witho

2、ut license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14791:2000 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 14791:2000.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE/15, Safety related to vehicles.A list of organizations represented on this commi

3、ttee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 81669 7ICS 43.080.01C

4、ompliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedCopyright British Standards Institution Provid

5、ed by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14791:2000ReferencenumberISO14791:2000(E) ISO2000INTERNATIONALSTANDARDISO14791Firstedition2000-04-15RoadvehiclesHeavycommercialvehiclecombinationsandarticula

6、tedbusesLateralstabilitytestmethodsVhiculesroutiersEnsemblesdevhiculesutilitaireslourdsetautobusarticulsMthodesdessaidestabilitlatraleCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licen

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11、2000AllrightsreservedCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14791:2000ISO14791:2000(E)ISO2000Allrightsreserved iiiContents PageForeword.ivIntroduction

12、.v1Scope12Normativereferences13Termsanddefinitions.14Testobjectives.25Measuringequipment45.1 Description.45.2 Transducerinstallation.45.3 Dataprocessing.56Testconditions66.1 Testtracks66.2 Tyres.66.3 Operatingcomponents.76.4 Loadingconditions77Testmethod77.1 Warm-up.77.2 Testspeed77.3 Lateralacceler

13、ation.87.4 Pseudo-randominput87.5 Singlelane-change87.6 Pulseinput98Dataanalysisandpresentation128.1 Preliminaryanalysis128.2 Rearwardamplification.128.3 Offtracking138.4 Zero-dampingspeedandyawdamping138.5 Yaw-velocityratio14AnnexA(normative) Generaldatasheet16AnnexB(normative) Presentationofresult

14、s.19AnnexC(informative) Techniqueandverificationforpath-following.22AnnexD(informative) Calculationofconfidenceintervalfortherearwardamplification25Bibliography26Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networ

15、king permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14791:2000ISO14791:2000(E)iv ISO2000AllrightsreservedForewordISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISOmember bodies). Theworkofpreparing InternationalStandards is normallycarried outthroug

16、h ISOtechnicalcommittees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenesta blishedhastherighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,inliaison withISO,alsotakepartinthe work. ISOcollaborates closelywiththe International Electro

17、technicalCommission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization.InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3.DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodiesforvoting.PublicationasanInternationalStandardrequir

18、esapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote.AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisInternationalStandardmaybethesubjectofpatentrights.ISOshallnotbeh eldresponsibleforid entifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.InternationalStandardISO14791waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC22,

19、Roadvehicles ,SubcommitteeSC9,Vehicledynamicsandroad-holdingability.AnnexesAandBformanormativepartofthisInternationalStandard.AnnexesCandDareforinformationonly.Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networki

20、ng permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14791:2000ISO14791:2000(E)ISO2000Allrightsreserved vIntroductionTheroad-holdingabilityofheavycommercialvehiclecombinationsandarticulatedbusesisamostimportantpartofactivevehiclesafety.Anygivenheavycommercial vehicle combination, together with its drive

21、r andtheprevailingenvironment, constitutes aclosed-loop system that is unique. Thetask of evaluatingroad-holding abilityis,therefore, verydifficult becauseofthe significantinteraction of thesedriver/motor vehicle/trailer/roadelements,eachofwhich is in itself complex.Acomplete and accurate descriptio

22、nofthe behaviour of aheavy vehiclecombinationmustnecessarilyinvolveinformationobtainedfromanumberoftestsofdifferenttypes.Becausetheyquantifyonlyasmallpartofthewholevehiclehandlingfield,theresultsofthetestsspecifiedinthisInternational Standardcan onlybe considered significant foracorrespondinglysmall

23、 partofthe overallhandlingbehaviourofheavycommercialv ehiclecombinationsandarticulatedbuses.Inaddition,theresultsobtainedfromthesetestsapplyonlyforcombinationsofidenticaltypesofvehicleunits.Theresultswillnotdescribethebehaviourofthevehicleunitsseparately.Moreover, insufficient knowledgeisavailable c

24、oncerning therelationship betweenoverall vehicle dynamicproperties andaccident avoidance. Sincethe number of variants of heavy truckcombinations is tremendouslylarge,eachtruckcombinationisunique.Sothemeasuredres ultisvalidonlyforthetestedvehicleorcombinationand thetransition of theresults to obvious

25、ly similar v ehicle combinations is,especially forheavy trucks,notpossible.Therefore,itisnotpossibletousethesetestmethodsandthetestresultsforregulationpurposes.Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networki

26、ng permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14791:2000Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14791:2000INTERNATIONALSTANDARD ISO14791:2000(E)ISO2

27、000Allrightsreserved 1RoadvehiclesHeavycommercialvehiclecombinationsandarticulatedbusesLateralstabilitytestmethods1ScopeThis International Standardspecifies test methods to determine thelateral stabilityofheavycommercial vehiclecombinations as definedinISO3833, including truckcentre-axle trailercomb

28、inations andarticulated buses. It isapplicabletotrucksandtrailershavingamassexceeding3,5tandbus eshavingamassexceeding5t,i.e.vehiclecategoriesN2,N3,O3,O4andM3accordingto92/53/EEC.Themanuvres specified in thesetestmethods arenot fullyrepresentativeofrealdriving conditions,but areusefulfordeterminingt

29、helateralstabilityofaheavyvehiclecombination.2NormativereferencesThefollowingnormativedocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthisInternationalStandard. Fordated references,subsequent amendments to, or revisions of,any of thesepublicationsdonotapply.However,p

30、artiestoagreementsbasedonthisInternationalStandardareencouragedtoinvestigate thepossibilityofapplyingthe most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Forundated references,the latest edition of thenormative document referredtoapplies.MembersofISO and IECmaintainregistersofcurrent

31、lyvalidInternationalStandards.ISO1176:1990,RoadvehiclesMassesVocabularyandcodes .ISO3833:1977,RoadvehiclesTypesTermsanddefinitions.ISO8855:1991,RoadvehiclesVehicledynamicsandroad-holdingabilityVocabulary .ISO9815:1992,Passenger-car/trailercombinationsLateralstabilitytest.ECCouncilDirectiveNo.92/53/E

32、EC.AnnexII,Definitionofvehiclecategoriesandvehicletypes .3TermsanddefinitionsForthe purposes of this International Standard, theterms and definitions given in ISO8855and thefollowingapply.3.1vehicleunitrigid(i.e.non-articulating)vehicleelementoperatingaloneorincombinationwithoneormoreotherrigideleme

33、ntsjoinedatyaw-articulationjointsEXAMPLES Tractor,semitraileranddolly.3.2rearwardamplificationratioofthemaximumvalueofthemotionvariableofinterestofafollowingvehicleunittothatofthefirstvehicleunitduringaspecifiedmanuvreCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - U

34、ncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14791:2000ISO14791:2000(E)2 ISO2000Allrightsreserved3.3offtrackinglateraldeviationbetweenthepathofthecentrelinepointo fthefrontaxleofthevehicleandthepathofthecentre-linepointofsomeotherpartofth

35、evehicleNOTE1See8.3fordeterminationofofftracking.NOTE2Inasingle-lane-changemanuvrewherethepathoftheotherpartofthe vehicleisfartherfromtheprojectionoftheoriginalpathofthevehiclethanisthepathofthefrontaxle,thepathoftheotherpartissaidto“overshoot”thepathofthefrontaxleatthatpoint.Iftheoppositeistrue,the

36、pathoftheotherpartissaidto“undershoot”thepathofthefrontaxle.3.4zero-dampingspeedspeed at whichthe damping coefficient of the free oscilla tory yawmovements of thevehiclecombination equalszero3.5reference-dampingspeedspeed at whichthe damping coefficient of the free oscilla tory yawmovements of theve

37、hiclecombination equals0,053.6centrelinepointpointat the intersectionofthe ground plane and the x - z planeofsymmetryofthe partofinterest, whichpoint liesdirectlybelowalongitudinalreferencepositionNOTE Foranaxle,thelongitudinalreferencepointisthewheel-spinaxis.Forotherparts,thelongitudinalreferencep

38、ointshouldbestated.3.7yaw-articulationangleyawangle of the x -axisofthe intermediate axis system of amoreforward vehicle unit in theintermediate axissystemofafollowingvehicleunit,i.e.theanglebetweenthe x -axesofthetwounitswithpolaritydeterminedbytherotationoftheleadingunitintheaxissystemofthefollowi

39、ngunitNOTE Theunitsinvolvedareusuallyadjacent,butnotnecessarilyso.4TestobjectivesTheprimaryobjectiveof thesetestsisto determinethelateralstabilityof heavycommercialvehicle combinationsandarticulatedbuses.Thelateralstabilityischaracterizedby:null rearwardamplificationoflateralaccelerationandyawveloci

40、ty;null dynamicofftracking;null zero-dampingspeed;null yawdamping,includingmode-shapeinformation.Of thesefour performancemeasures,two,rearwardamplification anddynamic offtracking, relate to forcedresponsepropertiesandtheothertwo,zero-dampingspeedandyawdamping,relatetofreeresponseproperties.Copyright

41、 British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 14791:2000ISO14791:2000(E)ISO2000Allrightsreserved 3Foracompletesetofmeasurements,itisnecessarytodetermine:null steering

42、-wheelangle;null longitudinalvelocity;null yawvelocityofthefirstandthelastvehicleunits;null lateral accelerationofthe front axle of the firstvehicle unit at or belowthe height of the wheelcentre, andlateralaccelerationofthecentreofgravityofthelastvehicleunit;null articulationanglesorarticulationangu

43、larvelocitybetweentheveh icleunits;null offtrackingofthemostseverelyofftrackingaxleofthevehiclecombination.Inordertoacquireadeeperunderstandingofthebehaviourofthevehiclecombination,itisdesirabletodetermine:null lateralaccelerationinthecentreofgravityofeachvehicleunit;null yawvelocityofeachvehicleuni

44、t;null therollangleofeachvehicleunit,preferablyabovetherearmostaxle;null lateralvelocityorslipangleoftherearmostaxleofeachvehicleunit;null dynamicwheelloadsofeachvehicleunit;null lateralmotionofeachaxleinthecombination;null offtrackingofthemostseverelyofftrackingpoint,otherthananaxle,ofthevehiclecom

45、bination.Thefollowingtestmethodscanbeusedtodeterminethevariouscharacteristicsofthelateralstability:null pseudo-randominput;null singlelane-change;null pulseinput.Pseudo-random input canbeusedtodetermine themaximum rearward amplification. It provides completeinformationaboutthefrequencydependencyofth

46、erearwardamplification.With asingle lane-change, rearward amplification anddynamic offtracking canbedetermined foraspecific,realisticmanuvre.Thesinglelanechangemaybecarriedoutbyapplyingeitherasinglesine-wavesteeringinputorbyfollowingapathproducingasinglesine-wavelateralaccelerationinput.NOTE Rearwar

47、damplificationmeasurementsobtainedusingpseudo-randominputandsinglelane-changewilldiffer.Thetwotestmethodshaveafundamentaldifference.Thepseudo-randominputmethodisintendedtoyieldafullrepresentationofthe system gaininthe frequency domain. Thesingle-lane-changemethod, however, provides only thecomposite

48、 gainofthesystemasresultsfromthedistributedfrequencycontentofthespecificlane-changeperformedinthetest.Also, themeasurements obtainedfromthe twolane-change methodsshould be expected to differ,because thefrequencycontent of the steeringinput will be different in thetwo cases. With thesingle sine-wavesteeringmethod, thesteer input isdefined,whileforthepath-followingmethodthelateralaccelerationisdefined.Inthefirstmethod,lateralaccelerationdependsonthedynamicsofthevehiclecombinationandthepropertiesofthesteeringsystem,e.g.lashandcompliance.Inthesecondmethod,ste