1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 15623:2013Intelligent transportsystems Forward vehiclecollision warning systems Performance requirements andtest proceduresBS ISO 15623:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 15623:2013.The UK participation in its p
2、reparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/278, Intelligent transport systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for
3、its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 71585 3 ICS 03.220.01; 35.240.60; 43.040.99 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority
4、of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 15623:2013 ISO 2013Intelligent transport systems Forward vehicle collision warning systems Performance requirements and test proceduresSystmes intelligents de transp
5、ort Systmes davertissement de collision frontale du vhicule Exigences de performance et modes opratoiresINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO15623Second edition2013-07-15Reference numberISO 15623:2013(E)BS ISO 15623:2013ISO 15623:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rig
6、hts reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from e
7、ither ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 15623:2013ISO 15623:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights rese
8、rved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 45 Specifications and requirements. 55.1 System functionality . 55.2 Necessary functions 55.3 Operating model 55.4 Warning functionality . 65.5 Warning elemen
9、ts requirements 75.6 System Classification . 95.7 Obstacle vehicle detection area and performance 105.8 FVCWS performance on curves . 115.9 User safety requirements 125.10 Human interface requirements . 125.11 Awareness of system limitations 136 Evaluation test method for measuring detection perform
10、ance .136.1 Test target specification . 136.2 Environmental conditions 136.3 Test method for detection zone . 136.4 Test method for warning distance range and accuracy 146.5 Test method for target discrimination ability .15Annex A (informative) Basic consideration of collision warning 18Annex B (inf
11、ormative) Obstacle detection along curves .23Annex C (informative) Laser radar Coefficient of test target 25Annex D (informative) Radio wave radar test target geometry 29Bibliography .30BS ISO 15623:2013ISO 15623:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
12、federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that c
13、ommittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document
14、 and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives,
15、Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the d
16、ocument will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Inte
17、lligent transport systems.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (15623:2002), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15623:2013ISO 15623:2013(E)IntroductionThe main system function of a forward vehicle collision warning system (FVCWS) is to warn
18、 the driver when the subject vehicle encounters the situation of a forward vehicle in the subject vehicles trajectory becoming a potential hazard. This is done by using information such as: (1) the range to forward vehicles, (2) the relative velocity of the forward vehicles with respect to subject v
19、ehicle and (3) whether a forward vehicle is in the subject vehicle trajectory. Based upon the information acquired, the controller identified as “FVCWS target selection and warning strategy” in Figure 1 produces the warning to the driver.Figure 1 Functional forward vehicle collision warning systems
20、elementsAutomobile manufacturers and component suppliers throughout the world have been vigorously pursuing the development and commercialisation of these FVCWS systems. Systems of this type have already been introduced on to the market in some countries. Thus the standardization efforts began in 19
21、94 amongst interested countries. This International Standard is composed to address only the basic performance requirements and test procedures for the FVCWS type systems. This International Standard may be used as a basis by other standards for systems which have more features and may extend beyond
22、 this International Standard. ISO 2013 All rights reserved vBS ISO 15623:2013BS ISO 15623:2013Intelligent transport systems Forward vehicle collision warning systems Performance requirements and test procedures1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies performance requirements and test procedures
23、for systems capable of warning the driver of a potential rear-end collision with other vehicles ahead of the subject vehicle while it is operating at ordinary speed. The FVCWS operate in specified subject vehicle speed range, road curvature range and target vehicle types. This International Standard
24、 covers operations on roads with curve radii over 125 m, and motor vehicle including cars, trucks, buses, and motorcycles. Responsibility for the safe operation of the vehicle remains with the driver.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in th
25、is document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.IEC 825-1:1993, Safety of laser products Part 1: Equipment classification, requirement
26、s and users guide (includes update of 1994)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1collision warninginformation that the system gives to the driver indicating the need for urgent action to avoid or reduce the severity of a potential rear
27、end collision with another forward vehicleNote 1 to entry: This warning is issued in the advanced stages of a dangerous situation to warn the driver of the need to perform emergency braking, lane changing or other emergency manoeuvres in order to avoid a collision.3.2reflection coefficient of test t
28、argetRCTToptical radar reflectivity of the target, which is defined as the radiated intensity towards the receiver (Iref - W/sr) measured at target level, immediately after the reflection; divided by the intensity of irradiation received from the transmitter (Et - W/m2) measured at target level, imm
29、ediately before the reflectionNote 1 to entry: The units for RCTT value are in m2/sr (see Annex C).3.3forward vehiclevehicle in front of and moving in the same direction and travelling on the same roadway as the subject vehicle3.4forward vehicle collision warning systemFVCWSsystem capable of warning
30、 the driver of a potential collision with another forward vehicle in the forward path of the subject vehicleINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15623:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 15623:2013ISO 15623:2013(E)3.5obstacle vehiclesvehicles, both moving and stationary, considered potential hazards
31、that can be detected by this systemEXAMPLE Motor vehicles only, that is cars, trucks, buses, and motorcycles.3.6preliminary collision warninginformation that the system gives to the driver in the early stages of a potentially dangerous situation that may result in a rear end collision.Note 1 to entr
32、y: The system may provide this warning prior to the collision warning.3.7radar cross sectionRCSmeasure of the reflective strength of a radar target measured in square meters, and defined as 4 times the ratio of the power per unit solid angle scattered in a specified direction to the power per unit a
33、rea in a radio wave incident on the scatterer from a specified direction3.8visibilitydistance which the illuminance of a non-diffusive beam of white light with the colour temperature of 2700 K is decreased to 5 % of its original light source illuminance3.9adaptive Cruise ControlACCenhancement to con
34、ventional cruise control systems which allows the subject vehicle to follow a forward vehicle at an appropriate distance by controlling the engine and/or power train and optionally the brakeNote 1 to entry: See ISO 15622.3.10adjacent lanelane of travel sharing one lane boundary with the lane in whic
35、h the subject vehicle is traveling and having the same direction of travel as the subject vehicle lane3.11clearancexc(t)distance xc(t) from the target vehicle trailing surface to the subject vehicle leading surfacexc(t)3.12cut-in vehicleforward adjacent vehicle that has a lateral component of motion
36、 towards the path of the subject vehicle3.13jerkthird derivative with respect to time of the position of an object; equivalently the rate of change of the acceleration of an object; considered a measure of harshness of vehicle motion3.14minimum velocityVmin)minimum subject vehicle (SV) speed for whi
37、ch the FVCWS must be capable of initiating a warning2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15623:2013ISO 15623:2013(E)3.15rear-end collisionforward vehicle collision in which the front of the subject vehicle strikes the rear of the forward vehicle3.16relative velocityvr(t)difference between the longit
38、udinal velocities of the subject vehicle (SV) and the target vehicle (TV), vr(t), given by the equation; equivalently the rate of change with respect to time of the distance between the two vehicles. A positive value of relative velocity indicates that the target vehicle is moving faster than the su
39、bject vehicle, and that the distance between them is increasing with timevt vtvtrTVSV() () ()= 3.17required decelerationAreqminimum deceleration that, if constant, would enable the subject vehicle to match the velocity of the target vehicle without contacting the target vehicle and thus prevent a co
40、llision:AtAVtxt xtreqTVrcr()()*( () ()=+22Note 1 to entry: xr(t) is the amount of reduction in the clearance distance due to reaction time.3.18subject vehicleSVvehicle equipped with FVCWS as defined herein3.19target vehicleTVforward vehicle that is closest in the forward path of the subject vehicle;
41、 forward vehicle that the FVCWS operates on3.20time to collisionTTCestimated time that it will take a subject vehicle to collide with the target vehicle assuming the current relative speed remains constant, as given in the following equation:TTCxtvtcr=()()3.21enhanced time to collisionETTCtime that
42、it will take a subject vehicle to collide with the target vehicle assuming the relative acceleration between the subject vehicle (SV) and target vehicle (TV) remains constant, as given in the following equation:ETTCvv vv aa xaaTV SV TV SV TV SV cTV SV=()()*( )*()223.22warning brakingaction in which
43、FVCWS respond to detection of a possible rear-end collision by automatically applying the brake for a short period of time to provide a warning to the driver ISO 2013 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 15623:2013ISO 15623:2013(E)3.23FVCWS warning modalitiesmeans used to convey the different type of FVCWS w
44、arnings to the driver.EXAMPLE Visual, auditory, and/or haptic cues.3.24lateral offsetlateral distance between the longitudinal centerlines of a subject vehicle (SV) and a target vehicle (TV), measured as a percentage of the width of the SV, such that if the centers of the two vehicles are aligned, t
45、he value is zeroTVSV14 Symbols and abbreviated termsalateral_maxmaximum allowed lateral acceleration in curvesaminminimum deceleration of the subject vehicles emergency brakingd0minimum detectable distance without distance measuring capabilityd1minimum detectable distance with distance measuring cap
46、abilityd2minimum detection distance for a cut-in vehicledmaxmaximum detectable distanceh upper detection height from groundh1lower detection height from groundRCTT reflection coefficient for test target for infrared reflectorTmaxmaximum drivers brake reaction time after the warningTminminimum driver
47、s brake reaction time after the warningTresp driver brake reaction timeTb braking system response timeRCS radar cross sectionVcircle_startspeed of the test vehicles at the start of the testVmaxmaximum vehicle speed at which the system is capable of operatingVminminimum vehicle speed at which the sys
48、tem is capable of operatingVrel_maxmaximum relative vehicle speed at which the system is capable of operatingWLlane widthWVsubject vehicle width4 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO 15623:2013ISO 15623:2013(E)5 Specifications and requirements5.1 System functionalityThe purpose of the FVCWS is to prov
49、ide warnings that will assist drivers in avoiding or reducing the severity of rear end crashes. These warnings should be provided in time to help drivers avoid most common rear end crashes by applying the brakes only. The timing of the alerts should be selected such that they strive to provide alerts early enough to help the driver avoid the crash or mitigate the harm caused by the crash without introducing other alerts perceived as nuisance or false. FVCWS provide warning only and do not perform vehicle con
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