BS ISO 15629-2002 Pallets for materials handling - Quality of fasteners for assembly of new and repair of used flat wooden pallets《物料搬运托盘 新的和用过修理的木制平托盘紧固件质量》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 15629:2002 Pallets for materials handling Quality of fasteners for assembly of new and repair of used, flat, wooden pallets ICS 55.180.20 BS ISO 15629:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Policy and

2、Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 December 2002 BSI 12 December 2002 ISBN 0 580 40942 2 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 15629:2002 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participat

3、ion in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PKW/5, Primary and transport packaging, to Subcommittee PKW/5/34, Pallets, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British S

4、tandards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publica

5、tion does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international

6、/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title pa

7、ge, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 17 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15629 First edition 2002-11-01 Reference number ISO 15629:2002(E) Pa

8、llets for materials handling Quality of fasteners for assembly of new and repair of used, flat, wooden pallets Palettes pour la manutention et le transport de marchandises Qualit des lments de fixation pour lassemblage et la rparation des palettes en boisBSISO15629:2002BSISO15629:2002iiISO 26512002:

9、9)E( ISO 2002 r llAithgs reservde iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body

10、 interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotec

11、hnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publ

12、ication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or al

13、l such patent rights. International Standard ISO 15629 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 51, Pallets for unit load method of materials handling. Annexes A, B and C of this International Standard are for information only. BSISO15629:2002iiiISO :92651(2002)E vi ISO 2002 Ar llithgr seresvde In

14、troduction Efficient international transportation of products depends on both pallet strength and functionality, or fit, to the materials handling systems. Existing ISO standards address issues of strength and some issues regarding functionality of pallets. However, major issues related to the minim

15、um material quality and manufacturing and repair workmanship are not addressed in current ISO standards. These factors may significantly impact the efficiency of international unit-load material handling. In November, 1996, ISO TC 51 approved a new work item “Timber Pallets for Materials Handling Qu

16、ality of Component Assembly and Repair” and established WG 7 to prepare a document. This International Standard contains recommended minimum acceptable quality levels for mechanical fasteners used in the assembly of wooden pallets. Mechanical fasteners commonly used for the assembly of wooden pallet

17、s are classified as nails, staples, bolts and screws. The type and properties of fasteners affect pallet performance. This International Standard does not address safety problems, if any, associated with the use of these fasteners. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard

18、to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This document addresses the current commercial difficulty in pallet manufacture, that there is no recognized means of defining pallet nails with regard to their quality and st

19、rength. Table 2 gives a guide as to strength qualities for nails which are typically used in construction of very strong pallets as opposed to pallets designed for light loads. Actual nail diameter, profiles and strengths are the responsibility of the specifier and user who may find the full-scale p

20、allet tests described in ISO 8611-1 of value. In September 1999 it was decided to publish four related International Standards: ISO 15629:2002, Pallets for materials handling Quality of fasteners for assembly of new and repair of used, flat, wooden pallets ISO 18333, Pallets for materials handling Q

21、uality of new wooden components for flat pallets ISO 18334, Pallets for materials handling Quality of assembly of new, wooden, flat pallets ISO 18613, Repair of flat wooden pallets BSISO15629:2002ivANRETNIITOTS LANDNADRA ISO 26512002:9)E( ISO 2002 r llAithgs reservde 1 Pallets for materials handling

22、 Quality of fasteners for assembly of new and repair of used, flat, wooden pallets 1 Scope This International Standard gives guidelines on nails and staples used in the assembly of new and repair of used wooden flat pallets. For the purposes of this International Standard the term fasteners applies

23、to nails and staples only. This International Standard is prescriptive and performance-based and contains physical descriptions of fasteners as well as minimum recommended performance levels. For information on other fasteners such as bolts and screws used in pallets, see ISO 445. 2 Normative refere

24、nces The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this

25、 International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently vali

26、d International Standards. ISO 445, Pallets for materials handling Vocabulary ISO 12777-1, Methods of test for pallet joints Part 1: Determination of bending resistance of pallet nails, other dowel-type fasteners and staples ISO 12777-2, Methods of test for pallet joints Part2: Determination of with

27、drawal and head pull-through resistance of pallet nails and staples 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 445 apply together with the following. 3.1 fluted nail round wire nail with thread-crests parallel to the nail shank 4 N

28、ails and Staples 4.1 Classification As used in pallets, nails are classified as plain- or smooth-shank, helical, annular ring, twisted or barbed. Staples have either round-wire or approximately square-wire legs, referring to the cross-sectional shape of the wire. Nails and staples shall be specified

29、 using at least nail wire diameter, length, thread type and point type. These and other characteristics which affect pallet nail and staple performance are listed in Table 1. BSISO15629:20021ISO :92651(2002)E 2 ISO 2002 Ar llithgr seresvde 4.2 Measurement of physical characteristics Methods of measu

30、ring the physical characteristics of nails and staples are described in annex A. When a complete assessment of fastener quality is required, separation resistance in accordance with ISO12777-2 shall be determined by measuring both fastener shank withdrawal and head or crown pull-through. These tests

31、 shall include using wood specimens and specimen conditioning typical of those which occur during pallet use. 4.3 Minimum acceptable performance The recommended minimum acceptable performance levels for nails and staples are specified in Table 2. Annex B is a correlation between the static bending r

32、esistance values reported in Table 2 and the MIBANT impact bend test as described in ISO 12777-1. NOTE 1 Tests of joints containing multiple fasteners are described in ISO 12777-3. NOTE 2 Pallet fasteners are sometimes coated. These coatings are intended to: increase corrosion resistance; improve se

33、paration resistance; improve drivability. The effect of coatings on fastener performance shall be evaluated using tests described in ISO 12777-2. Table 1 Physical and mechanical characteristics of nails and staples used in pallets Nails Shank profiles Staples Plain (smooth) Helical Annular Square tw

34、isted barbed Round wire Square wire Length nail (wire) diameter Length nail (wire) diameter Length nail (wire) diameter Length nail (wire) diameter a Length staple leg diameter Length Staple leg width and thickness Head diameter Head diameter Head diameter Head diameter Crown length Crown length Thr

35、ead length Thread length Thread-crest diameter Thread-crest diameter Flute-crest diameter Number of helixes Number of rings Number of helixes Number of flutes Number of flutes Type of point Type of point Type of point Type of point Type of point Type of pointBending resistance Bending resistance Ben

36、ding resistance Bending resistance Bending resistance Bending resistance a The nail (wire) diameter is the thread crest diameter. BSISO15629:20022ISO 26512002:9)E( ISO 2002 r llAithgs reservde 3 Table 2 Recommended minimum quality of staples and nails a Minimum separation resistance bper fastener Mi

37、nimum bending resistance cper fastener Minimum ratio of nail head/nail (wire) diameter Minimum staple crown length Performance level d 123123 Block or stringer fasteners 2,00 (leg width or diameter) Clinched mat fasteners 2,00 (leg width or diameter) a The quality levels represent those of pallet fa

38、steners successfully used. It is the responsibility of the pallet specifier to determine the appropriate fastener quality necessary for use. b Determined in accordance with ISO 12777-2 by measuring both fastener shank withdrawal and head or crown pull-through resistance. c Determined in accordance w

39、ith ISO 12777-1. d Performance level refers to relative levels of pallet structural durability or resistance to rough handling during pallet use. Levels 1, 2, and 3 refer to fastener quality levels for use in reusable pallets of respectively high, medium and low levels of structural durability. 2 00

40、0 N 1 000 N 600 N 6,0 Nm 5,4 Nm 3,5 Nm 9,5 mm+ 2 1 000 N 500 N 250 N 2,5 Nm 2,2 Nm 1,6 Nm 9,5 mm+ 2 BSISO15629:20023ISO :92651(2002)E 4 ISO 2002 Ar llithgr seresvde Annex A (informative) Methods of measuring pallet nail and staple physical characteristics A.1 Sampling A random sample of at least twe

41、lve (12) specimens per “lot” of fasteners is recommended. Average values and an appropriate measure of statistical dispersion should be reported. NOTE A “lot” consists of fasteners of a single shipment of the same specification and produced during a single continuous production run. A.2 Fastener len

42、gth A.2.1 Nails The nail length ( ) is the distance, measured parallel to the nail-shank axis, from the top of the head to the tip of the point, as shown in Figure A.1. For this measurement, a caliper or ruler is used to measure to the nearest . A.2.2 Staples The staple length ( ) is the distance, m

43、easured parallel to the staple-leg axis, from the bottom of the crown to the tip of the point, as shown in Figure A.2. For this measurement, a caliper or ruler is used to measure to the nearest . A.3 Thread length The thread length ( ) is the continuous distance from the top end of the thread along

44、the nail shank to the top of the point or the bottom end of the thread, as shown in Figure A.3. If the thread is not continuous, i.e. interrupted, the thread length is the length of the threaded portions of the nail shank penetrating the nailing member to the required depth. The thread length is mea

45、sured with a caliper or ruler to the nearest . A.4 Nail or staple wire diameter A.4.1 Plain, helical barbed and annular round-wire nails The wire diameter ( ) is the distance across the non-threaded portion of the nail shank away from the gripper marks, as shown in Figure A.4. The wire diameter is m

46、easured using a micrometer to the nearest . If the nail is coated, the coating should be carefully removed where the measurement is to be made. Figure A.1 Schematic diagram of nail length measurement l 0,5 mm L 0,5 mm L T 0,5 mm d 0,025 mm BSISO15629:20024ISO 26512002:9)E( ISO 2002 r llAithgs reserv

47、de 5 Figure A.2 Schematic diagram of the staple length measurement Figure A.3 Schematic diagram of the thread length measurement Key A Plain shank B Helically threaded C Annularly threaded Wire diameter Thread diameter Figure A.4 Schematic diagram of nail wire diameter ( ) measurements d 1 d 2 d BSI

48、SO15629:20025ISO :92651(2002)E 6 ISO 2002 Ar llithgr seresvde A.4.2 Staples The wire diameter of both staple legs is the same. For round-wire bulk staples, it is the distance across one of the staple legs. For flattened-wire staples, usually having a rectangular cross-section, the corresponding meas

49、urements are the thickness ( ) and the width ( ) of the staple leg, as shown in Figure A.5. The thickness is the wire dimension in the direction perpendicular to the staple crown. The thickness is normally the largest cross-sectional leg dimension. The width is the wire dimension in the direction parallel to the staple crown. Both thickness and width are measured to the nearest , a