BS ISO 15686-1-2011 Buildings and constructed assets Service life planning General principles and framework《建筑物和建筑资产 使用年限计划编制 一般原则和框架》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 15686-1:2011Buildings and constructedassets Service life planningPart 1: General principles and frameworkBS ISO 15686-1:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British

2、Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 15686-1:2011. It supersedes BS ISO 15686-1:2000, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T e c h n i c a l C o m m i t t e e C B / 1 0 1 , S e r v i c e L i f e P l a n n i n g .A list of organizations represented on this c

3、ommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 60675 5 ICS 91.040.01 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fro

4、m legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 15686-1:2011Reference numberISO 15686-1:2011(E)ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO15686-1Sec

5、ond edition2011-05-15Buildings and constructed assets Service life planning Part 1: General principles and framework Btiments et biens immobiliers construits Conception prenant en compte la dure de vie Partie 1: Principes gnraux et cadre BS ISO 15686-1:2011ISO 15686-1:2011(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOC

6、UMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member bod

7、y in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 15686-1:2011ISO 15686-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved i

8、iiContents Page Foreword iv 0 Introductionv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Service life planning and building design 4 4.1 General .4 4.2 General principles of service life planning.4 4.3 Scope of service life planning5 4.4 Service life planning and the design process

9、5 4.5 Record keeping5 5 Service life estimation.6 5.1 Introduction to service life estimation 6 5.2 Objective of service life estimation .6 5.3 Service life prediction procedures 6 5.4 Service life estimation using reference service lives 6 5.5 Use of service life data from practical experience. 7 5

10、.6 Innovative components 7 5.7 Data quality 7 5.8 Uncertainty and reliability.7 6 Financial and environmental costs over time 8 7 Obsolescence, adaptability and re-use.9 7.1 Obsolescence 9 7.2 Types of obsolescence.9 7.3 Minimizing obsolescence .9 7.4 Future use of the building 10 7.5 Demolition and

11、 re-use.10 Annex A (informative) Agents affecting the service life of building components .11 Annex B (informative) Service life planning in the design process.12 Bibliography20 BS ISO 15686-1:2011ISO 15686-1:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Sta

12、ndardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the righ

13、t to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International

14、Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an

15、 International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 1

16、5686-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works, Subcommittee SC 14, Design life. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15686-1:2000), which has been technically revised to condense ISO 15686-1 into a more generic process of servi

17、ce life planning and to better reflect the other parts of ISO 15686. ISO 15686 consists of the following parts, under the general title Buildings and constructed assets Service life planning: Part 1: General principles and framework Part 2: Service life prediction procedures Part 3: Performance audi

18、ts and reviews Part 5: Life-cycle costing Part 6: Procedures for considering environmental impacts Part 7: Performance evaluation for feedback of service life data from practice Part 8: Reference service life and service-life estimation Part 9: Guidance on assessment of service-life data Technical S

19、pecification Part 10: When to assess functional performance The following Technical Report is under preparation: Part 11: Terminology Service life planning using IFC-based building information monitoring will form the subject of a future Technical Report (ISO/TR 15686-4). BS ISO 15686-1:2011ISO 1568

20、6-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved v0 Introduction 0.1 Service life planning Service life planning is a design process that seeks to ensure that the service life of a building or other constructed asset will equal or exceed its design life. If required, service life planning can take into acco

21、unt the life-cycle cost(s) of the building and its life-cycle environmental impact(s). Service life planning provides a means of comparing different building options. During the project delivery phase, to ensure that the design meets the functional requirement levels, consideration of different conc

22、eptual design solutions can be used to assess the impact of design changes on the design life. This part of ISO 15686 is intended primarily, but not exclusively, for the following user groups: a) building owners and users; b) design, construction and facilities management teams; c) manufacturers who

23、 provide data on long-term performance of building products; d) maintainers of buildings; e) value appraisers of buildings; f) insurers of buildings; g) technical auditors of buildings; h) developers of building product standards; i) clients, funders, and sponsors of buildings. By requiring an estim

24、ate or prediction of how long each component of a building will last, service life planning aids the making of decisions concerning specifications and design detailing. Also, when the service life of the building and its components are estimated or predicted, life-cycle cost and maintenance planning

25、 and value engineering techniques can be applied, reliability and flexibility of use of the building can be increased, and the likelihood of early obsolescence can be reduced. Figure 1 indicates how the parts of ISO 15686 are intended to relate to each other and their associated topics. BS ISO 15686

26、-1:2011ISO 15686-1:2011(E) vi ISO 2011 All rights reservedISO 15686-3Performance auditsand reviewsISO/TR 15686-4aService life planning usingIFC-based building information modellingISO 15686-7Performance evaluation for feedbackof service lifedata from practiceISO 15686-10When to assessfunctional perf

27、ormanceISO 15686-2Service life predictionproceduresISO 15686-5Life-cycle costingISO 15686-6Procedures for consideringenvironmental impactsISO 15686-8Reference service lifeand service-life estimationISO/TS 15686-9Guidance on assessment ofservice life dataService life planningData sources andperforman

28、ceProcedures andmethodologiesISO 15686-1GeneralprinciplesandframeworkaUnder development. Figure 1 Relationships between the parts of ISO 15686 and the service life planning of buildings 0.2 Structure of ISO 15686 This part of ISO 15686 specifies the general principles of service life planning of a b

29、uilding or other constructed asset and presents a framework for undertaking such service life planning. These general principles can also be used to make decisions on maintenance and replacement requirements. This part of ISO 15686 serves as a guide to other parts, including general principles to be

30、 applied. Together, they provide requirements and guidance on the estimation or prediction of the service life of a buildings components, which contribute to the service life of the building. ISO 15686-2 specifies principles and procedures that facilitate service life predictions of building compone

31、nts. It provides a general framework, procedures and requirements for conducting and reporting such studies, but does not describe specific test methods. It may also be used as a checklist for assessing completed service life prediction studies. ISO 15686-3 is concerned with ensuring the effective i

32、mplementation of service life planning audits and reviews. It describes the approach and procedures to be applied to pre-briefing, briefing, design, construction and, where required, the life care management and disposal of buildings to provide reasonable assurance that measures necessary to achieve

33、 a satisfactory performance over time will be implemented. BS ISO 15686-1:2011ISO 15686-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved viiISO/TR 15686-4 is under development and will describe the data required to undertake service life estimation. This is primarily intended to define the data relating to se

34、rvice life that may be required in computer models. The formatting of such data for inclusion in calculation of models is expected to be presented in accordance with ISO 12006 (all parts). ISO 15686-5 specifies procedures for performing life-cycle cost analyses of buildings and their parts. These as

35、sessments take into account cost or cash flows, i.e. relevant costs (and income and externalities if included in the agreed scope) arising from acquisition through operation to disposal. This assessment typically includes a comparison between options or an estimate of future costs at portfolio, proj

36、ect or component level. The assessment is over an agreed period of analysis, which can be a time frame that is less than the full life-cycle of the constructed asset. ISO 15686-6 specifies how to assess, at the design stage, the potential environmental impacts of alternative designs of a constructed

37、 asset. It identifies the interface between environmental life-cycle assessment and service life planning. ISO 15686-7 provides a generic basis for performance evaluation for feedback of service life data from existing buildings, including a definition of the terms to be used and the description of

38、how the (technical) performance can be described and documented to ensure consistency. ISO 15686-8 provides guidance on the provision, selection and formatting of reference service life data and on the application of these data for the purposes of calculating estimated service life using the factor

39、method. It does not give guidance on how to estimate either the modification part or the values of factors A to G, using the given reference in-use conditions and the object-specific in-use conditions. ISO/TS 15686-9 gives guidance and provides a framework for the derivation and presentation of refe

40、rence service life data. In response to market demand, manufacturers and producers can develop, voluntarily, service life declarations for use in service life planning, according to this part of ISO 15686 and ISO 15686-8. ISO 15686-10 establishes when to specify or verify functional performance requ

41、irements during the service life of buildings and building-related facilities and when to check the capability of buildings and facilities to meet identified requirements using procedures for establishing scales for setting levels of functionality or assessing levels of serviceability for any type o

42、f facility and any gaps that may exist between demand and supply profiles.1)ISO 15686-10 is applicable to the use, management, ownership, financing, planning, design, acquisition, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation and disposal of buildings and other constructed assets. 0.3 Purpose of

43、ISO 15686 ISO 15686 is relevant to service life planning of new and existing buildings. In existing buildings, service life estimation will apply principally to the estimation of residual service lives of components that are already in service, and to the selection of components for, and the detaili

44、ng of, repairs and new work. The informative annexes to this part of ISO 15686 provide supplementary information and illustrate the use of methods specified in the normative clauses. Differences in climatic conditions and building techniques in different parts of the world require separate aspects o

45、f service life planning to be developed for specific circumstances, and to take account of locality and microclimate. NOTE 1 The approach to service life planning presented in ISO 15686 is based on documents published by CIB and RILEM, standards published in the UK, Japan, Canada and the USA, and on

46、 practical studies carried out in many countries. NOTE 2 In the European Community, the Construction Products Directive includes a requirement that the “essential requirements” of construction products be retained for an “economically reasonable working life”, if necessary by maintenance. 1) Interna

47、tional Standards for the determination of levels of functionality (demand) and levels of serviceability (supply) are the responsibilty of ISO/TC 59/SC 3. BS ISO 15686-1:2011BS ISO 15686-1:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15686-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Buildings and constructed assets Se

48、rvice life planning Part 1: General principles and framework 1 Scope This part of ISO 15686 identifies and establishes general principles for service life planning and a systematic framework for undertaking service life planning of a planned building or construction work throughout its life cycle (o

49、r remaining life cycle for existing buildings or construction works). The life cycle incorporates initiation, project definition, design, construction, commissioning, operation, maintenance, refurbishment, replacement, deconstruction and ultimate disposal, recycling or re-use of the asset (or parts thereof), including its components, systems and building services. This part of ISO 15686 is applicable to the service life planning of individual buildings. NOTE A series of service life plans can be used as input dat