BS ISO 15817-2012 Earth-moving machinery Safety requirements for remote operator control systems《土方机械 远程驾驶员控制系统的安全要求》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationEarth-moving machinery Safety requirements for remote operator control systemsBS ISO 15817:2012National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 15817:2012.

2、It supersedes BS ISO 15817:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteeB/513, Construction equipment and plant and site safety, to SubcommitteeB/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International).A list of organizations represented on this committee

3、 can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 66014 6ICS 53.100Complian

4、ce with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2012.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 15817:2012Reference numb

5、erISO 15817:2012(E)ISO 2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO15817Second edition2012-01-15Earth-moving machinery Safety requirements for remote operator control systems Engins de terrassement Exigences de scurit relatives aux systmes de commande distance utiliss par loprateur BS ISO 15817:2012ISO 15817:2012

6、(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the addre

7、ss below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 15817:2012ISO 15817:2012(E) ISO 201

8、2 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 2 4 Requirements for remote operator control . 3 5 Forward-direction marking . 8 6 Instructions 8 Annex A (informative) Example machine safety label for remote control 9 Bibliography 10 BS

9、 ISO 15817:2012ISO 15817:2012(E) iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical co

10、mmittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with th

11、e International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft Internati

12、onal Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be

13、the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15817 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 2, Safety, ergonomics and general requirements. This second edition cancels and replaces th

14、e first edition (ISO 15817:2005), which has been technically revised. BS ISO 15817:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15817:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1Earth-moving machinery Safety requirements for remote operator control systems IMPORTANT The electronic file of this document contains colours

15、 which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of the document. Users should therefore consider printing this document using a colour printer. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the essential safety requirements for remote operator control systems used on earth-moving ma

16、chinery as defined in ISO 6165. It is not applicable to autonomous control systems that enable a machine to work without the assistance of an operator, nor does it apply to the remote control of attachments on non-remote controlled machines. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents

17、are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definition

18、s ISO 6405-1, Earth-moving machinery Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 1: Common symbols ISO 6405-2, Earth-moving machinery Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 2: Specific symbols for machines, equipment and accessories ISO 9244, Earth-moving machinery Machine s

19、afety labels General principles ISO 13766, Earth-moving machinery Electromagnetic compatibility ISO 13850, Safety of machinery Emergency stop Principles for design ISO 15998, Earth-moving machinery Machine-control systems (MCS) using electronic components Performance criteria and tests for functiona

20、l safety IEC 60068-2-31, Environmental testing Part 2-31: Tests Test Ec: Rough handling shocks, primarily for equipment-type specimens IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) BS ISO 15817:2012ISO 15817:2012(E) 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the pu

21、rposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 control cable electric wire for transmitting signals between the remote control box and the receiving unit for a wired remote control system 3.2 direct control control of the machine by an operator in physical contact with the m

22、achine 3.3 emergency stop device manually actuated device, located on the machine, used to initiate an emergency stop function 3.4 emergency stop function function that is intended to avoid impending, or reduce existing, hazards to persons, damage to machinery or to work in progress, and be initiate

23、d by a single human action NOTE 1 Hazards, for the purposes of this International Standard, are those which can arise from functional irregularities (e.g. machinery malfunction, unacceptable properties of the material processed, human error), normal operation. NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 13850:2006, def

24、inition 3.1. 3.5 hazard zone area defined by the intended use of the machine where potential for injury might exist due to movement of the machine and its application 3.6 receiving unit device located on the machine to receive signals emitted from the remote control box and to process these signals

25、into machine operating orders NOTE It consists of the following elements: receiving element that receives signals from the remote control box; monitoring element for confirming signals; output intersection element that drives the control devices of the machine. The receiving unit may also include me

26、ans of return signal transmission for confirmation. 3.7 remote control remote operator control operator control of a machine by wireless or wired transmission of signals from a remote control box not located on the machine to a receiving unit located on the machine BS ISO 15817:2012ISO 15817:2012(E)

27、 ISO 2012 All rights reserved 33.8 remote control box device, not on the machine, that transmits signals to actuate all needed operating functions for control of the machine NOTE The signals are transmitted from the remote control box to the receiving unit. 3.9 remote control system system consistin

28、g of a remote control box and receiving unit that transmits operational control information to and from a remote controlled machine 3.10 remote controlled operation operation of a machine by an operator distant from the machine 3.11 remote stop device on the remote control unit and/or “portable” (e.

29、g. hand-held) device that causes all controlled machine hazardous movement to stop 4 Requirements for remote operator control 4.1 General requirements 4.1.1 Design The principles of ISO 15998 should be followed in the design of remote control, safety-related, machine control systems using electronic

30、 components. Remote control systems shall be designed so that all powered movement is prevented for any of the following conditions: a) the operator controls are not activated; b) loss of the power supply of the remote control system; c) loss of the signal between the remote control box and the rece

31、iving unit; d) loss of the machine power supply that interrupts any part of the remote control system; e) any remote control operation interlock not in place and/or functional. Re-establishing the power supply or the signal between the remote control box and the receiving unit shall not create unint

32、ended hazardous machine motion. Resuming remote controlled operation shall only be possible after an intentional reset of machine operation by the operator. When hazardous zones of the machine are not visible to the remote control operator, there shall be means for the operator to provide a warning

33、before the engine or machinery is started. Exposed personnel shall be given time to leave the hazardous zone or have the means to prevent the engine or machinery from starting. 4.1.2 Wireless control Remote control systems shall have a means (indicator light, beacon, audible alarm, etc.) of identify

34、ing the corresponding controlled machine prior to the start of the remote operation. The warning device specifed in 4.10 may be used. BS ISO 15817:2012ISO 15817:2012(E) 4 ISO 2012 All rights reserved4.1.3 Wired control The control cable shall be of sufficient length and flexibility to allow the oper

35、ator to maintain an operating position outside the hazard zone. Excessive tension on the control cable shall not cause actuation of the controls. Any failure of the control cable or connection shall cause powered machine movement to stop. 4.2 Signal integrity The signal transmission system shall hav

36、e an error detection and/or correction system to prevent the machine controls from being actuated by false signals resulting from burst levels of electromagnetic radiation, temporary signal loss, etc. The data communication protocol shall continually verify the integrity of the communication link an

37、d of the data being transmitted. If signal integrity cannot be verified, remote controlled powered movement shall stop until signal integrity has been re-established and the operator has performed an intentional reset. 4.3 Operating range (wireless) The operating range of the remote control shall be

38、 sufficient to allow the operator to be outside the hazard zone; this range shall be clearly stated in the operators manual. 4.4 Remote control box 4.4.1 Design Machine movement, other than machine stop, shall only be able to be controlled from one remote control box at a time. By design and the app

39、lication of ergonomic principles, the remote control box should minimize restriction of the machine operators freedom of movement. The presence of electrical power at the remote control box shall be indicated by an optical device, e.g. LED or panel light. 4.4.2 Operator controls 4.4.2.1 General Cont

40、inuously running work function controls (e.g. attachment controls) and float controls may be held in a detent position. Other machine operational controls on the remote control box shall return to their neutral position when the operator releases the control or shall require an alternative sustained

41、 operator input control (e.g. hold-to-run). When the controls are in their neutral or detent position, the resulting machine action shall be the same as when the corresponding controls on the machine, if present, are in their neutral or detent position. Instructions shall be provided in the operator

42、s manual for the approved use of continuously running work function controls and float controls. 4.4.2.2 Marking The controls on the remote control box shall be clearly marked with the directional orientation and direction of movement for the machine and its equipment/attachment, in accordance with

43、ISO 6405-1 and ISO 6405-2. The markings shall be consistent with the control markings on the machine, if the machine is so equipped. BS ISO 15817:2012ISO 15817:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 54.4.2.3 Protection against unintended actuation The controls on the remote control box shall be so arr

44、anged, deactivated or guarded as to protect against unintended actuation. A means shall be provided to guard against actuation where the remote control box might fall from the operators hands or the operator fall while operating the remote control box. 4.4.2.4 Protection against unauthorized actuati

45、on A means to protect against unauthorized actuation shall be provided on the remote control box. EXAMPLE Key switch or access code. Operation of the remote control shall not be possible unless this means is enabled. 4.4.2.5 Machine holding function A means to keep the machine stationary shall be pr

46、ovided on the remote control box. EXAMPLE Activation of a parking brake or other method as specified in the operators manual. 4.4.2.6 Fire suppression system For remote controlled machines equipped with a fire suppression system, activation shall be automatic or a means to activate remotely shall be

47、 provided. 4.5 Machine stop 4.5.1 General A machine stop control shall be present on the remote control box and on the machine. It shall not be possible to restore the operation of a machine until all stop devices previously operated or activated have been reset. Stop controls shall apply fail-safe

48、design. 4.5.2 Remote stop A remote stop device shall be present on the remote control box. Control shall generally be obtained by a push-button device or an alternative device which is easily activated. Either the device or its marking shall be red in colour. Additional remote stop devices, e.g. “po

49、rtable” hand-held units, that can only control the stop function may also be used, provided they meet the same requirements defined above for a remote stop device on the remote control box. 4.5.3 Emergency stop Where risk assessment gives clear evidence that the operation of an emergency stop device, located on the machine, is possible without additional risk, at least one emergency stop device conforming with the principles of ISO 13850 shall be present on the machine o