BS ISO 16000-13-2008 Indoor air - Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins dibenzofurans (e.pdf

1、BS ISO16000-13:2008ICS 13.040.20NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDIndoor airPart 13: Determination of total (gasand particle-phase) polychlorinateddioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) andpolychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Collect

2、ion on sorbent-backed filtersThis British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Committee on 30November 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 56563 2Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 16000-13:2008National forewordThis British Standard is th

3、e UK implementation of ISO 16000-13:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/2/3, Ambient atmospheres.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the neces

4、sary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 16000-13:2008Reference numberISO 16000-13:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO16000-13First edition2008-11-01Indoor air Part 13:

5、 Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Collection on sorbent-backed filters Air intrieur Partie 13: Dosage des polychlorobiphnyles (PCB) de type dioxine et des polychlorodibenzo-p

6、-dioxines (PCDD)/polychlorodibenzofuranes (PCDF) totaux (en phase gazeuse et en phase particulaire) Collecte sur des filtres adsorbants BS ISO 16000-13:2008ISO 16000-13:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be p

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9、 is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reprodu

10、ced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749

11、 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedBS ISO 16000-13:2008ISO 16000-13:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introductionvi 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4

12、 Abbreviated terms .3 5 Principle4 6 Apparatus and materials.4 7 Preparation of sampling media9 8 Sampling.10 9 Minimum requirements for sampling 12 Annex A (informative) Details of samplers.13 Annex B (normative) Determination of sampling efficiency or dynamic retention efficiency24 Annex C (inform

13、ative) Structure, toxicity and calculation of toxicity equivalents.25 Bibliography30 BS ISO 16000-13:2008ISO 16000-13:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). T

14、he work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-go

15、vernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

16、 The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a v

17、ote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16000-13 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Ind

18、oor air. ISO 16000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air: Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds Active sampling method Part 4: Determination of formaldeh

19、yde Diffusive sampling method Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TAsorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS/FID Part 7: Sampling strategy for

20、 determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations Part 8: Determination of local mean ages of air in buildings for characterizing ventilation conditions Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test chamber method Part

21、10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test cell method Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens Pa

22、rt 12: Sampling strategy for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Part 13: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polych

23、lorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Collection on sorbent-backed filters BS ISO 16000-13:2008ISO 16000-13:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Part 14: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dio

24、xins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Extraction, clean-up and analysis by high-resolution gas chromatography and mass spectrometry Part 15: Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) Part 16: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling by filtration Part 17: Detection and enumeration of moulds Cultur

25、e-based method Part 23: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive building materials Part 24: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compounds and carbonyl compounds without formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive building mat

26、erials The following parts are under preparation: Part 18: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling by impaction Part 19: Sampling strategy for moulds Part 25: Determination of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds for building products Micro-chamber method Part 26: Measurement strateg

27、y for carbon dioxide (CO2) Part 28: Sensory evaluation of emissions from building materials and products The following parts are planned: Part 20: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling from house dust Part 21: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling from materials Part 22: Detection and

28、enumeration of moulds Molecular methods Part 27: Standard method for the quantitative analysis of asbestos fibres in settled dust Furthermore, ISO 12219-12(under preparation), Indoor air Road vehicles Part 1: Whole vehicle test chamber Specification and method for the determination of volatile organ

29、ic compounds in car interiors, ISO 16017-13, Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography Part 1: Pumped sampling, and ISO 16017-24, Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling and analysis of vol

30、atile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography Part 2: Diffusive sampling focus on volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements. BS ISO 16000-13:2008ISO 16000-13:2008(E) vi ISO 2008 All rights reservedIntroduction The different parts of ISO 16000 describe gen

31、eral requirements relating to the measurement of indoor air pollutants and the important conditions to be observed before or during the sampling of individual pollutants or groups of pollutants as well as the measurement procedures themselves (see Foreword). This part of ISO 16000 is applicable to t

32、he collection from indoor air of dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and to the preparation of sampling media required for sampling. The same sampling methods described here are also applicable to polycycli

33、c aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) made up of two or more fused aromatic rings. Procedures for preparation and extraction of sampling media for PAHs and for the analytical determination of PAHs are given in ISO 12884, and therefore are not included here. The sampling strategy to analyse PCBs, PCDDs/PCDF

34、s and PAHs in indoor air is described in ISO 16000-12. Several PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs are considered to be potential human carcinogens. There are 209 individual PCBs (congeners), 75 PCDDs and 135 PCDFs. The most toxic PCBs are those that are coplanar and structurally similar to PCDDs. The most toxic P

35、CDD is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD). PCBs are emitted into the indoor air primarily from concrete sealers, certain paints, or electrical capacitors, all of which have been banned in recent years. The principal sources of PCDDs/PCDFs in indoor air are impurities in wood p

36、reservatives containing pentachlorophenol (PCP) and emissions from fires involving chlorinated products. Tracked-in soil and emissions from nearby landfills and abandoned industrial sites may also contribute PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs to the indoor environment. Total PCB concentrations (six marker PCBs: P

37、CB-28, -52, -101, -138, -153, and -180 multiplied by 5) in urban outdoor air typically range from 10 to several hundred picograms per cubic metre (pg/m3). PCDDs/PCDFs are usually found in urban outdoor air at extremely low concentrations; e.g. femtograms per cubic metre (fg/m3) to picograms per cubi

38、c metre (pg/m3). PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs may be distributed between the gas and particle-associated phases in ambient or indoor air, depending on the temperature, humidity, degree of chlorination, their concentration, and their capacity to associate with suspended particulate matter. These compounds, e

39、specially those having vapour pressures above 108kPa, will tend to vaporize from particle filters during sampling. Consequently, a back-up sorbent trap is included for efficient sampling. Separate analyses of the filter and sorbent trap will not reflect the original atmospheric phase distributions a

40、t normal ambient temperatures because of volatilization of compounds from the filter and should not be attempted. Shipping of PCDD/PCDF standards has to comply with the national legal regulations. They have to be transported in special containers, which are commercially available. Handling should on

41、ly be done by trained operators. This part of ISO 16000 describes sampling of polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs). Extraction, clean-up and analysis are described in ISO 16000-14. BS ISO 16000-13:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS

42、O 16000-13:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Indoor air Part 13: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Collection on sorbent-backed filters 1 Scope This part of ISO 16000 spec

43、ifies sampling and preparation of sampling media for dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in indoor air (see Table C.1). The method incorporates a sampling procedure that collects PCBs and PCDFs/PCDDs from a

44、ir on a fine-particle filter backed up by a sorbent trap. The method cannot be used to separately determine gaseous PCBs and PCDFs/PCDDs and those that are particle-associated because some of the compounds will volatilize from the filter and be collected by the sorbent trap. This part of ISO 16000 d

45、oes not address analytical methods for PCBs PCDDs and PCDFs, which are included in ISO 16000-14. (ISO 16000-13 and ISO 16000-14 are both parts of the overall measurement procedure for the determination of PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs.) Combined with the analytical procedures specified in ISO 16000-14, which

46、 incorporate specific analyses by high-resolution gas chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS), this method is capable of detecting 0,2 pg/m3or lower concentrations of most PCBs and PCDFs/PCDDs. However, it may not be possible to detect all analytes at 0,2 pg/m3or l

47、ower, especially at lower sampling rates. To achieve adequate detection limits, no less than 50 m3of air should be sampled. For normal measurement tasks, sampling volumes up to 360 m3are employed (equivalent to a sampling period of 24 h at 16 m3/h or 7 d at 2 m3/h). The method has been validated for

48、 sampling periods up to seven days. With the use of larger sorbent traps, sampling volumes up to 1 000 m3have been validated. Sampling precision under normal conditions can be expected to be 25 % or better and uncertainty 50 % or better. If the appropriate restrictions are applied, this method can b

49、e used for small rooms, for example childrens rooms as well as for offices. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 12884, Ambient air Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polycyclic a