BS ISO 16000-14-2009 Indoor air - Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins dibenzofurans (b.pdf

1、BS ISO16000-14:2009ICS 13.040.20NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDIndoor airPart 14: Determination of total (gasand particle-phase) polychlorinateddioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) andpolychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Extract

2、ion, clean-up and analysis byhigh-resolution gas chromatographyand mass spectrometryThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 June 2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 56564 9Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 16000

3、-14:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16000-14:2009.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/2/3, Ambient atmospheres.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This p

4、ublication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 16000-14:2009Reference numberISO 16000-14:2009(E)ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD I

5、SO16000-14First edition2009-05-15Indoor air Part 14: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Extraction, clean-up and analysis by high-resolution gas chromatography and mass spectro

6、metry Air intrieur Partie 14: Dosage des polychlorobiphnyles (PCB) de type dioxine et des polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxines (PCDD)/polychlorodibenzofuranes (PCDF) totaux (en phase gazeuse et en phase particulaire) Extraction, purification et analyse par chromatographie en phase gazeuse haute rsolution et

7、 spectromtrie de masse BS ISO 16000-14:2009ISO 16000-14:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on

8、 the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products use

9、d to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please i

10、nform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, with

11、out permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rig

12、hts reservedBS ISO 16000-14:2009ISO 16000-14:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction . vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 2 4 Principle. 5 5 Apparatus and materials 5 6 Analysis . 7 7 Minimum requirements for

13、extraction and clean-up. 15 8 Identification and quantification . 15 9 Quality assurance criteria for the procedure blanks 20 10 Recovery 21 11 Calculation and presentation of results . 23 12 Safety measures . 23 13 Performance characteristics . 24 14 Interferences . 26 Annex A (informative) Structu

14、re, toxicity and calculation of toxic equivalents 27 Annex B (informative) Example for the clean-up of PCBs/PCDDs/PCDFs and the separation of PCBs from PCDDs/PCDFs . 32 Annex C (informative) GC/MS analysis 36 Annex D (informative) Masses of the ions for PCDDs/PCDFs and PCBs. 42 Annex E (informative)

15、 Interferences. 43 Annex F (normative) Calibration solutions for GC/MS calibration 46 Annex G (informative) Standard deviations, detection limits and indoor air concentrations for PCBs. 50 Bibliography . 52 BS ISO 16000-14:2009ISO 16000-14:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the Int

16、ernational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee ha

17、s been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical

18、standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodie

19、s for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any o

20、r all such patent rights. ISO 16000-14 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air. ISO 16000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air: Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde Pa

21、rt 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds Active sampling method Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde Diffusive sampling method Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air b

22、y active sampling on Tenax TAsorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS/FID Part 7: Sampling strategy for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations Part 8: Determination of local mean ages of air in buildings for characterizing ventilation conditions Part 9: Determinat

23、ion of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test chamber method Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and furnishing Emission test cell method Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile

24、 organic compounds from building products and furnishing Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens Part 12: Sampling strategy for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbo

25、ns (PAHs) Part 13: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Collection on sorbent-backed filters BS ISO 16000-14:2009ISO 16000-14:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved v Part 14: Dete

26、rmination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Extraction, clean-up and analysis by high-resolution gas chromatography and mass spectrometry Part 15: Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide (NO

27、2) Part 16: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling by filtration Part 17: Detection and enumeration of moulds Culture-based method Part 18: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling by impaction Part 23: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of formaldehyde concentrations by sorptiv

28、e building materials Part 24: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compounds and carbonyl compounds without formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive building materials The following parts are under preparation: Part 19: Sampling strategy for moulds Part 25: Determination

29、of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds by building products Micro-chamber method Part 26: Measurement strategy for carbon dioxide (CO2) Part 28: Sensory evaluation of emissions from building materials and products The following parts are planned: Part 20: Detection and enumeration of mou

30、lds Sampling from house dust Part 21: Detection and enumeration of moulds Sampling from materials Part 22: Detection and enumeration of moulds Molecular methods Part 27: Standard method for the quantitative analysis of asbestos fibres in settled dust Furthermore, ISO 12219-12(under preparation), Ind

31、oor air Road vehicles Part 1: Whole vehicle test chamber Specification and method for the determination of volatile organic compounds in car interiors, ISO 16017-14, Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas

32、 chromatography Part 1: Pumped sampling, and ISO 16017-25, Indoor, ambient and workplace air Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography Part 2: Diffusive sampling focus on volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements. BS ISO 16

33、000-14:2009ISO 16000-14:2009(E) vi ISO 2009 All rights reservedIntroduction ISO 16000 (all parts) specifies general requirements relating to the measurement of indoor air pollutants and the conditions to be observed before or during the sampling of individual pollutants or groups of pollutants as we

34、ll as the measurement procedures themselves (see Foreword). This part of ISO 16000 is applicable to the extraction, clean-up, and analysis from indoor air of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Sampling of PCBs, PCDDs

35、/PCDFs are described in ISO 16000-13. Both ISO 16000-13 and ISO 16000-14 are parts of the complete PCB/PCDD/PCDF measurement procedure. The sampling strategy to analyse PCBs, PCDDs/PCDFs and PAHs in indoor air is specified in ISO 16000-12. Several PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs are considered to be potential

36、human carcinogens. There are 209 individual PCBs (congeners), 75 PCDDs and 135 PCDFs. The most toxic PCBs are those that are coplanar and structurally similar to PCDDs. The most toxic PCDD is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD). PCBs are emitted into indoor air primarily from concrete

37、 sealers, certain paints or electrical capacitors, all of which have been banned in recent years. The principal sources of PCDDs/PCDFs in indoor air are impurities in wood preservatives containing pentachlorophenol (PCP) and emissions from fires involving chlorinated products. Tracked-in soil and em

38、issions from nearby landfills and abandoned industrial sites may also contribute PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs to the indoor environment. Total PCB concentrations in urban outdoor air typically range from 10 pg/m3to several hundred picograms per cubic metre. PCDDs/PCDFs are usually found in urban outdoor air

39、 at extremely low concentrations; e.g. femtograms per cubic metre. PCBs and PCDDs/PCDFs may be distributed between the gas and particle-associated phases in ambient or indoor air, depending on the temperature, humidity, degree of chlorination, their concentration, and their capacity to associate wit

40、h suspended particulate matter. These compounds, especially those of them having vapour pressures above 108kPa, will tend to vaporise from particle filters during sampling. Consequently, a back-up vapour trap is included for efficient sampling. Separate analyses of the filter and vapour trap will no

41、t reflect the original atmospheric phase distributions at normal ambient temperatures because of volatilisation of compounds from the filter and should not be attempted. This part of ISO 16000 is based on EN 1948-26, EN 1948-37, CEN/TS 1948-48, EPS l/RM/239, EPA SW 846 Method 8280B10, VDI 2464-211,

42、VDI 3498-112, VDI 3498-213and References 14 to 16. BS ISO 16000-14:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-14:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Indoor air Part 14: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibe

43、nzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Extraction, clean-up and analysis by high-resolution gas chromatography and mass spectrometry WARNING Persons using this part of ISO 16000 should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This part of ISO 16000 does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any

44、, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate health and safety practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. 1 Scope This part of ISO 16000 specifies extraction, clean-up, and analysis procedures for the determination of polyc

45、hlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) collected from indoor air on particle filters backed by polyurethane foam (PUF). The method incorporates specific analyses by high resolution gas chromatography combined with high resolut

46、ion mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). The method provides accurate quantitative data for tetra- to decachlorobiphenyls and tetra- to octachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (total concentrations for each isomeric series). It is capable of detecting 0,2 pg/m3or lower concentrations of most PCBs and P

47、CDFs/PCDDs with air sampling volumes up to 360 m3or more in special cases. However, it may not be possible to detect all analytes at 0,2 pg/m3or lower, especially at lower sampling volumes. Precision under normal conditions can be expected to be 25 % or better and uncertainty 50 % or better. 2 Norma

48、tive references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 4793, Laboratory sintered (fr

49、itted) filters Porosity grading, classification and designation ISO 16000-13:2008, Indoor air Part 13: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) Collection on sorbent-backed filters BS ISO 16000-14:2009ISO 16000-14:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3 Terms, definitions and abbrevi