1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58transducers Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometryICS 17.160Methods
2、 for the calibration of vibration and shock BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 16063-15:2006BS ISO 16063-15:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 September 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 49172 2Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date C
3、ommentsits secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI
4、. It is the UK implementation of ISO 16063-15:2006. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GME/21, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring, to Subcommittee GME/21/2, Vibration and shock measuring instruments and testing equipment.A list of organizat
5、ions represented on GME/21/2 can be obtained on request to Reference numberISO 16063-15:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO16063-15First edition2006-08-01Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometry Mthodes pour l
6、talonnage des transducteurs de vibrations et de chocs Partie 15: talonnage angulaire primaire de vibration par interfromtrie laser BS ISO 16063-15:2006ii BS ISO 16063-15:2006iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Uncertainty of measurement . 2 4 Requirements for appara
7、tus 2 4.1 General. 2 4.2 Frequency generator and indicator 3 4.3 Power amplifier/angular vibration exciter combination 3 4.4 Seismic block(s) for vibration exciter and laser interferometer 5 4.5 Laser. 5 4.6 Interferometer 5 4.7 Instrumentation for interferometer signal processing 8 4.8 Voltage inst
8、rumentation, measuring true r.m.s. accelerometer output 9 4.9 Distortion-measuring instrumentation . 9 4.10 Oscilloscope (optional) 9 4.11 Other requirements. 9 5 Ambient conditions 9 6 Preferred angular accelerations and frequencies . 10 7 Common procedure for all six methods. 10 8 Methods using fr
9、inge-counting (methods 1A and 1B) 11 8.1 General. 11 8.2 Common test procedure for methods 1A and 1B 12 8.3 Expression of results . 12 9 Methods using minimum-point detection (methods 2A and 2B) . 16 9.1 General. 16 9.2 Common test procedure for methods 2A and 2B 17 9.3 Expression of results . 17 10
10、 Methods using sine approximation (methods 3A and 3B) . 21 10.1 General. 21 10.2 Procedure applied to methods 3A and 3B . 22 10.3 Data acquisition 27 10.4 Data processing 27 11 Reporting of calibration results 29 Annex A (normative) Uncertainty components in primary angular vibration calibration of
11、vibration and shock transducers by laser interferometry 30 Annex B (normative) Equations for the calculation of the angular quantities of rotational angle, , angular velocity, , and angular acceleration, , and of the sensitivities of angular transducers: rotational angle transducers, S, of angular v
12、elocity transducers, S, and angular accelerometers, S36 Bibliography . 42 BS ISO 16063-15:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally car
13、ried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
14、 ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Interna
15、tional Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the
16、elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16063-15 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 3, Use and calibration of vibration and shock m
17、easuring instruments. ISO 16063 consists of the following parts, under the general title Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers: Part 1: Basic concepts Part 11: Primary vibration calibration by laser interferometry Part 12: Primary vibration calibration by the reciprocity met
18、hod Part 13: Primary shock calibration using laser interferometry Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometry Part 21: Vibration calibration by comparison to a reference transducer Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a reference transducer The following additional
19、parts are under preparation: Part 23, addressing the angular vibration calibration by comparison to reference transducers Part 31, addressing the testing of transverse vibration sensitivity Part 32, addressing the resonance testing Part 41, addressing the calibration of laser vibrometers Part 42, ad
20、dressing the calibration of seismometers BS ISO 16063-15:20061Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometry 1 Scope This part of ISO 16063 specifies the instrumentation and procedures used for primary angular vib
21、ration calibration of angular transducers, i.e. angular accelerometers, angular velocity transducers and rotational angle transducers (with or without amplifier) to obtain the magnitude and the phase shift of the complex sensitivity by steady-state sinusoidal vibration and laser interferometry. The
22、methods specified in this part of ISO 16063 are applicable to measuring instruments (rotational laser vibrometers in particular) and to angular transducers as defined in ISO 2041 for the quantities of rotational angle, angular velocity and angular acceleration. It is applicable to a frequency range
23、from 1 Hz to 1,6 kHz and a dynamic range (amplitude) from 0,1 rad/s2to 1 000 rad/s2(frequency-dependent). These ranges are covered with the uncertainty of measurement specified in Clause 3. Calibration frequencies lower than 1 Hz (e.g. 0,4 Hz, which is a reference frequency used in other Internation
24、al Standards) and angular acceleration amplitudes smaller than 0,1 rad/s2can be achieved using method 3A or method 3B specified in this part of ISO 16063, in conjunction with an appropriate low-frequency angular vibration generator. Method 1A (cf. Clause 8: fringe-counting, interferometer type A) an
25、d method 1B (cf. Clause 8: fringe-counting, interferometer type B) are applicable to the calibration of the magnitude of complex sensitivity in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 800 Hz and under special conditions, at higher frequencies. Method 2A (cf. Clause 9: minimum-point method, interferometer typ
26、e A) and method 2B (cf. Clause 9: minimum-point method, interferometer type B) can be used for sensitivity magnitude calibration in the frequency range of 800 Hz to 1,6 kHz. Method 3A (cf. Clause 10: sine-approximation method, interferometer type A) and method 3B (cf. Clause 10: sine-approximation m
27、ethod, interferometer type B) can be used for magnitude of sensitivity and phase calibration in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 1,6 kHz. Methods 1A, 1B and 3A, 3B provide for calibrations at fixed angular acceleration amplitudes at various frequencies. Methods 2A and 2B require calibrations at fixed
28、rotational angle amplitudes (angular velocity amplitude and angular acceleration amplitude vary with frequency). NOTE 1 The numbering 1 to 3 of the methods characterizes the handling of the interferometer output signal(s) analogous to ISO 16063-11: number 1 for fringe counting, number 2 for minimum-
29、point detection and number 3 for sine-approximation. Each of these signal handling procedures can be used together with interferometer types A and B specified in this part of ISO 16063. Interferometer type A designates a Michelson or Mach-Zehnder interferometer with retro-reflector(s) located at a r
30、adius, R, from the axis of rotation of the angular exciter. This interferometer type is limited to rotational angle amplitudes of 3 maximum. Interferometer type B designates a Michelson or a Mach-Zehnder interferometer using a circular diffraction grating implemented on the lateral surface of the ci
31、rcular measuring table. This interferometer type is not limited as regards the rotational angle amplitude if the diffraction grating covers the whole lateral surface of the disk (i.e. 360). Usually, the maximum angular vibration is, in this case, limited by the angular vibration exciter. NOTE 2 Thou
32、gh the calibration methods specified in this part of ISO 16063 are applicable to angular transducers (according to definition in ISO 2041) and, in addition, to measuring instrumentation for angular motion quantities, the specifications are given for transducers as calibration objects, for the sake o
33、f simplified description. Some specific information for the calibration of rotational laser vibrometers is given in 4.11 and Figure 11. BS ISO 16063-15:20062 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only t
34、he edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 266, Acoustics Preferred frequencies ISO 2041:1990, Vibration and shock Vocabulary ISO 16063-1:1998, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers
35、Part 1: Basic concepts 3 Uncertainty of measurement The limits of the uncertainty of measurement applicable to this part of ISO 16063 shall be as follows: a) for the magnitude of sensitivity: 0,5 % of the measured value at reference conditions, u 1 % of the measured value outside reference condition
36、s; b) for the phase shift of sensitivity: 0,5 of the measured value at reference conditions, u 1 of the reading outside reference conditions. Recommended reference conditions are as follows: frequency: 160 Hz, 80 Hz, 40 Hz, 16 Hz or 8 Hz (or radian frequency, : 1 000 rad/s, 500 rad/s, 250 rad/s, 100
37、 rad/s or 50 rad/s); angular acceleration: (angular acceleration amplitude or r.m.s. value): 100 rad/s2, 50 rad/s2, 20 rad/s2, 10 rad/s2, 5 rad/s2, 2 rad/s2or 1 rad/s2. Amplifier settings shall be selected for optimum performance with respect to noise, distortion and influence from cut-off frequenci
38、es. The uncertainty of measurement is expressed as the expanded measurement uncertainty in accordance with ISO 16063-1, for the coverage factor k = 2 (referred to, in short, as “uncertainty”). 4 Requirements for apparatus 4.1 General Clause 4 gives recommended specifications for the apparatus necess
39、ary to comply with the scope of Clause 1 and to obtain the uncertainties of Clause 3. If desired, systems covering only parts of the ranges may be used, and normally different systems (e.g. exciters) should be used to cover all the frequency and dynamic ranges. NOTE The apparatus specified in Clause
40、 4 covers all devices and instruments required for any of the six calibration methods described in this part of ISO 16063. The assignment to a particular method is indicated (cf. Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10). BS ISO 16063-15:200634.2 Frequency generator and indicator A frequency generator and
41、 indicator having the following characteristics shall be used: a) uncertainty of frequency: maximum 0,05 % of reading; b) frequency stability: better than 0,05 % of reading over the measurement time; c) amplitude stability: better than 0,05 % of reading over the measurement time. 4.3 Power amplifier
42、/angular vibration exciter combination 4.3.1 General A power amplifier/angular vibration exciter combination having the following characteristics shall be used: a) total harmonic distortion: 2 % maximum; NOTE 1 This specification relates to the input quantity for the transducer to be calibrated. NOT
43、E 2 If method 3A or method 3B is used, greater harmonic distortions can be tolerable. b) transverse, and rocking angular acceleration: sufficiently small to prevent excessive effects on the calibration results. For interferometer type A, a transverse motion of less than 1 % of the tangential motion
44、component at the minimum rotational angle displacement can be required. For interferometer type B, a maximum lateral motion (including eccentricity) of 2 m is tolerated, which can be achieved only if the moving part (measuring table) of the angular exciter is carried in a high-precision rotational a
45、ir bearing; c) hum and noise: 70 dB minimum below full output; d) stability of angular acceleration amplitude: better than 0,05 % of reading over the measurement period. 4.3.2 Electro-dynamic angular vibration exciter An electrodynamic vibration exciter is based on the Lorentz force acting on electr
46、ic charge carriers when these move through a magnetic field. In analogy to common electrodynamic vibration exciters designed to generate rectilinear vibration, the coil located in the magnetized air gap of a magnetic circuit can be so designed that the Lorentz force generates a dynamic torque exciti
47、ng the measuring table with the angular transducer to be calibrated to angular vibration. In the working frequency range (i.e. 1 Hz to 1,6 kHz), the amplitude of angular acceleration is proportional to the amplitude of the electric current carried through the coil. An example of an angular vibration
48、 exciter is shown in Figure 1. The maximum rotational amplitude is in this case limited to 30 (i.e. double amplitude: 1 rad). Another example of an angular acceleration exciter (amplitude of 60, i.e. 1 rad) is described in Reference 14. BS ISO 16063-15:20064 Key 1 angular accelerometer 2 diffraction
49、 grating 3 air bearing 4 housing 5 coil 6 magnet Figure 1 Example of an angular exciter (mode of function) 4.3.3 Angular vibration exciter based on a brushless electric motor Special angular exciters have been designed and manufactured for angular transducer calibration using commercial electric motors. For the testing of inertial navigation sensors, so-called “rate tables” have been developed for many years. These are often equipped with brushless, three-phase, hollow-shaft m
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