BS ISO 16338-2017 Welding for aerospace applications Resistance spot and seam welding《航空航天应用使用焊接 电阻电焊和电阻缝焊》.pdf

1、BS ISO 16338:2017Welding for aerospaceapplications Resistance spotand seam weldingBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 16338:2017 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16338:2017. It supersedes BS ISO

2、 16338:2013 which is withdrawn. The UK participationinitspreparation wasentrusted to TechnicalCommittee WEE/-/1,Briefing committeeforwelding.Alistoforganizations represented on this committeecanbeobtainedonrequest to itssecretary.Thispublicationdoes not purport to include allthe necessaryprovisions

3、of a contract. Usersare responsibleforitscorrectapplication. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2017ISBN978 0580 94953 1ICS25.160.01Compliancewitha British Standard cannot confer immunityfromlegal obligations.ThisBritish Standard waspublishedunder the authority

4、 of theStandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31January 2017.Amendments/Corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 16338:2017 ISO 2017Welding for aerospace applications Resistance spot and seam weldingSoudage pour applications arospatiales Soudage par rsistance par points et la mo

5、letteINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16338Second edition 2017-01Reference numberISO 16338:2017(E)BS ISO 16338:2017ISO 16338:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may b

6、e reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the re

7、quester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 16338:2017ISO 16338:2017(E)Foreword v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 45

8、 Specific engineering requirements . 46 Classification of the joint . 47 Production requirements 48 Welding personnel requirements . 59 Person responsible for welding procedure qualification and welding machine qualification tests 510 Material groups 511 Preparation of parts to be welded 511.1 Gener

9、al . 511.2 Cleaning requirements . 511.3 Surface coatings . 611.4 Assembly 612 Equipment requirements 612.1 Welding machines 612.2 Electrodes 612.3 Shear testing machines 612.3.1 General 612.3.2 Stationary shear testing machines . 612.3.3 Portable shear testing machines 612.4 Jigs and fixtures 613 W

10、elding machines . 613.1 Qualification requirements 613.1.1 General 613.1.2 Method of welding machine qualification 713.2 Test piece configuration and examination requirements 814 Welding procedure (WPS) 914.1 Qualification requirements 914.1.1 General 914.1.2 Determination of weld settings . 914.1.3

11、 Methods of welding procedure qualification 914.1.4 Thickness combination limits . 1014.1.5 Welding procedure specification (WPS) 1014.1.6 Welding procedure requalification . 1114.2 Test piece configuration and examination requirements .1115 Quality requirements for production 1315.1 General 1315.2

12、Production witness testing 1315.2.1 General. 1315.2.2 Witness test specimens . 1315.2.3 Surface resistance 1315.2.4 Parameter adjustments . 1315.2.5 Production witness test specimen configuration and examination .1415.2.6 Alternate testing requirements in lieu of production witness testing .16 ISO 2

13、017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 16338:2017ISO 16338:2017(E)15.3 Production parts . 1615.3.1 Examination requirements 1615.3.2 Deterioration of welding quality . 1615.3.3 Tack welds 1616 Test pieces 1616.1 Standard test pieces. 1616.2 Test pieces for specific purposes 2017 Examination,

14、 testing and acceptance criteria .2017.1 General 2017.2 Visual examination . 2017.2.1 Visible imperfections in test specimens or production parts 2017.2.2 Sheet separation between welded members .2117.2.3 Electrode indentation .2117.3 Radiographic examination . 2217.4 Metallographic examination . 24

15、17.4.1 General. 2417.4.2 Electrode indentation .2417.4.3 Internal imperfections .2517.4.4 Nugget penetration .2517.4.5 Nugget diameter or seam weld width 2617.5 Mechanical testing 2717.5.1 Spot welds Sheet 2717.5.2 Spot welds Foil.3117.5.3 Seam welds Foil 3117.5.4 Multiple members test specimen . 31

16、18 Welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) .32Annex A (informative) Machine qualification test report form .33Annex B (informative) WPS form 36Annex C (informative) Forms for welding procedure qualification record (WPQR) Examples 37Annex D (informative) Commentary on machine qualification 39Bi

17、bliography .42iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 16338:2017ISO 16338:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS

18、O technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates c

19、losely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteri

20、a needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of pa

21、tent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name use

22、d in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) prin

23、ciples in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes, Subcommittee SC 14, Welding and brazing in aerospace.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16338:2013)

24、, of which it constitutes a minor revision.The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:a) notes on different determination of clear annulus zone for radiographic and metallographic examination have been added under the keys of Figures 8 and 9;b) transposed numbering in column t

25、in Table 14 has been corrected: row changed for 0,60 mm and 0,65 mm;c) 17.5.1.2 Span S is no longer expressed in %;d) to correct a hanging paragraph, a 14.1.3.1 “General” subheading has been introduced;e) other editorial revisions.Requests for official interpretations of any aspect of this document

26、should be directed to the Secretariat of ISO/TC 44/SC 14 via your national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16338:2017BS ISO 16338:2017Welding for aerospace applications Resistance spot and seam welding1 ScopeThis do

27、cument specifies requirements for resistance spot and seam welding for aerospace applications.This document does not apply if resistance welding is simply an intermediate operation and does not affect the quality of the end product, for example when tacking basic parts prior to assembly with another

28、 process.Resistance welding of dissimilar material group combinations is not covered by this document.Safety and health issues and concerns are not covered by this document.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content const

29、itutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 6520-2, Welding and allied processes Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic material

30、s Part 2: Welding with pressureISO 14731, Welding coordination Tasks and responsibilitiesISO 17677-1:2009, Resistance welding Vocabulary Part 1: Spot, projection and seam weldingISO/TR 25901-1:2016, Welding and allied processes Vocabulary Part 1: General termsISO/TR 25901-3, Welding and allied proce

31、sses Vocabulary Part 3: Welding processesISO/TR 25901-4, Welding and allied processes Vocabulary Part 4: Arc welding3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6520-2, ISO 14731, ISO 17677-1, ISO/TR 25901-1, ISO/TR 25901-3, ISO/TR 25901-4 and the

32、following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp3.1chisel testdestructive or non-destructive test in which w

33、elds are tested by applying a predominantly tensile force that results in stresses primarily normal to the surface of the joint interfaceSOURCE: ISO 10447:2015, 3.1, modified “or non-destructive test” has been added and the note 1 to entry has been deleted.3.2close spaced weldsspot welds with weld p

34、itch of less than two diametersINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16338:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16338:2017ISO 16338:2017(E)3.3coringincipient meltingmelting and resolidification of material at the grain boundaries of the heat affected zone and/or in the weld nuggetNote 1 to entry: These

35、 features appear to be cracks when examined at low magnification, but when examined at high magnification, are seen to be completely filled. This occurs primarily in nickel alloys.3.4design authorityengineering authorityorganization having the responsibility for the structural integrity or maintenan

36、ce of airworthiness of the hardware and compliance with all relevant documents3.5foiljoint member with a thickness of 0,20 mm or less3.6metallographic sectiontransverse cut on the diameter of a spot weld or across a seam weld, or a longitudinal cut down the centre of a seam weld3.7nuggetzone in spot

37、, projection or seam weld where the metal has been meltedSOURCE: ISO 17677-1:2009, 4.10, modified “See Figure 2.” following the term has been deleted.3.8nugget diameterdiameter of nugget measured at the faying surface3.9nugget penetrationextent of the nugget or fusion zone into the thickness of a jo

38、ined member3.10peel testdestructive test in which a resistance-welded lap joint is tested by applying a peel force which results in stresses mainly in the thickness direction of the weld3.11preliminary welding procedure specificationpWPSdocument containing the required variables of the welding proce

39、dure which has to be qualifiedSOURCE: ISO/TR 25901-1:2016, 2.5.63.12production witness test specimenweld of test specimen made in production setups and destructively tested to provide data on the qualities of production welds2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 16338:2017ISO 16338:2017(E)3.13resista

40、nce seam weldingresistance welding process which produces coalescence at the faying surfaces by the heat obtained from resistance to electric current through the work parts held together under pressure by electrodesNote 1 to entry: The resulting weld is a series of overlapping resistance spot welds

41、made progressively along a joint by turning wheel electrodes or indexing the part under fixed electrodes.3.14resistance spot weldingresistance welding process that produces a weld at the faying surfaces between overlapping parts by the heat obtained from resistance to the flow of welding current thr

42、ough the workpieces from electrodes that serve to concentrate the welding current and pressure at the weld areaSOURCE: ISO 17677-1:2009, 1.123.15roll spot weldingresistance welding process variant that makes intermittent spot welds using one or more rotating circular electrodesNote 1 to entry: The r

43、otation of the electrodes might or might not be stopped during the making of a weld.SOURCE: ISO 17677-1:2009, 3.53.16seam weld widthwidth of the weld metal in the plane of the faying surfaces in a direction normal to the longitudinal axis of the linear seam weldSOURCE: ISO 17677-1:2009, 4.143.17shee

44、tjoint member with a thickness of more than 0,20 mm3.18weld pitchcentre-to-centre distance between adjacent spot weldsSOURCE: ISO 14373:2015, 3.43.19welding conditionprovision for the manufacture of a given weld, including material, configuration, material preparation, cooling, electrode material, e

45、lectrode geometry, welding machine number, and all weld parameters that have a direct influence on the quality of the weld3.20welding parametermachine setting or adjustmentEXAMPLE Examples are electrode force, welding current, welding speed, welding time.3.21welding procedure specificationWPSdocumen

46、t that has been qualified and provides the required variables of the welding procedure to ensure repeatability during production weldingSOURCE: ISO/TR 25901-1:2016, 2.5.4 ISO 2017 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16338:2017ISO 16338:2017(E)4 Symbols and abbreviated termsDsminimum required nugget diameter

47、 or seam weld width (see Table 11)ellower electrode indentationeuupper electrode indentationF forcel length of test specimensMactual nugget diameter or seam weld width, as determined by metallographic examinationt thickness of the thinner sheettothickness of outer memberw test specimen width/overlap

48、Ac test lot averageNDT non-destructive testingpWPS preliminary welding procedure specificationQA quality assuranceSPC statistical process controlWPQR welding procedure qualification recordWPS welding procedure specification5 Specific engineering requirementsIn the event of any conflict between the r

49、equirements of this document and those requirements specified in the engineering definition, the engineering definition shall take precedence.The classification of the joint (see Clause 6) shall be designated on the part specification or drawing.6 Classification of the jointClassification of the joint is based on the following. Class I: a welded joint whose failure under operating conditions causes the loss of the aircraft/spacecraft or one of its main components, or constitutes a direct hazard