BS ISO 16587-2004 Mechanical vibration and shock - Performance parameters for condition monitoring of structures《机械振动和冲击 构筑物的工况监控用性能参数》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 16587:2004 Mechanical vibration and shock Performance parameters for condition monitoring of structures ICS 17.160; 91.120.25 BS ISO 16587:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 7 December 2004 BSI 7 Dece

2、mber 2004 ISBN 0 580 44996 3 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 16587:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GME/21, Mechanical vibration and shock, to Subcommittee GME/21/3, Measur

3、ement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this documen

4、t may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Us

5、ers are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for chang

6、e, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. The B

7、SI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 16587:2004(E)NINRETOITALAN ADNATSDR ISO 17856 tide tsriFino -400210-01 Mechanical vibration and shock Performance parameters for

8、 condition monitoring of structures Vibrations et chocs mcaniques Paramtres de performance pour la surveillance des structures Referecne unbmer OSI 78561002:)E(4INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16587 First edition 2004-10-01 nahceMlaci vioitarbna nhs dkco amrofrePap ecnrof sretemar coitidnno nomiirotfo gn

9、 sterutcurs rbiVitasno c tehcos cmnaiseuq raPartmse p edrefrocname opru al survlliecnad ees structruse BSISO16587:2004 ii BSISO16587:2004 iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prepa

10、ring International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in l

11、iaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task o

12、f technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention i

13、s drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16587 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock. BSISO16587:2004iv Intr

14、oduction This International Standard provides general guidelines for the condition monitoring of structures, using parameters typically used to measure or monitor structure performance, such as displacement, strain, vibration, settlement, rotation, temperature, and foundation pore pressure. It has b

15、een structured to be consistent with ISO 13380 and ISO 17359 in order to facilitate a consistent approach to the condition monitoring of systems. The information provided in this International Standard will be supplemented by ISO 18431 which will be published in several parts. BSISO16587:2004INTENRA

16、TIONAL TSANDADR IS:78561 O4002(E)1Mechanical vibration and shock Performance parameters for condition monitoring of structures 1 Scope This International Standard describes the performance parameters for assessing the condition of structures, including types of measurement, factors for setting accep

17、table performance limits, data acquisition parameters for constructing uniform databases, and internationally accepted measurement guidance (e.g. terminology, transducer calibration, transducer mounting and approved transfer function techniques). The procedures relate to in-service monitoring of str

18、uctures, and include all components and sub-assemblies necessary to provide the functioning of the structure as a complete entity. The monitoring is intended to be ongoing in nature through the lifecycle of the structure. NOTE 1 Figure 1 is a flowchart showing how this International Standard takes t

19、he user from the initial client need for condition monitoring of structures through to the point where the corresponding performance parameters have been chosen. Subsequent standards will deal with how these parameters are measured and processed. This International Standard presupposes that a “high

20、level” need for condition monitoring of structures already exists. NOTE 2 Some useful guidance on identifying this need, by the use of asset identification and reliability/criticality audits, is contained in ISO 17359. The target industries for this International Standard include construction, infra

21、structure, transportation, power generation, oil and gas, and leisure and entertainment. This International Standard is applicable to stationary structures, such as buildings, bridges and tunnels, towers, masts and antennae, tanks and silos, retaining walls and dams, BSISO16587:20042 jetties and oth

22、er shore-side structures, offshore platforms, pressure vessels, and pipelines. Non-stationary structures (e.g. self-propelled ships) and mobile structures (e.g. offshore jack-up platforms) are excluded from this International Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are in

23、dispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2041:1990, Vibration and shock Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of

24、document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 and the following apply. 3.1 defect structural defect event occurring when the condition of any of the components of a structure or their assembly is degraded or exhibits abnormal behaviour NOTE This may lead to failure of the structure. 3.2 fail

25、ure structural failure termination of the ability of a structure to perform its required function NOTE This generally happens when one or more of the components of a structure are in a defective condition, either at a service or ultimate limit state. Also, failure is an event as distinguished from f

26、ault, which is a state. 3.3 performance parameter structural performance parameter one or more characteristic quantities such as displacement, strain, velocity, settlement, rotation and acceleration NOTE Performance is derived by measurement and calculation of one or more parameters, which singly or

27、 together provide information on the characteristic quantity. Performance may be described in terms of static, quasi-static or dynamic parameters, depending on the type of loading being experienced. 3.4 baseline values parameters or derived quantities, determined under specific loading configuration

28、s and specified environmental conditions, which may be stored or kept as reference values or characteristic profiles NOTE Baseline values are normally strongly dependent on temperature. BSISO16587:2004 33.5 structure stationary structure stationary engineering artefact EXAMPLES land-based structure,

29、 such as a building or bridge; coastal structure, such as a jetty; offshore structure, such as a fixed oil production platform and pipelines. 3.6 limit state boundary of a domain within which the structure is assumed to satisfy the design criteria NOTE Limit states are classified into ultimate limit

30、 states and service limit states. 3.7 ultimate limit state state associated with collapse or with other forms of structural failure, which may endanger structural safety NOTE The passage of an ultimate limit state is considered to cause failure. 3.8 service limit state state associated with specifie

31、d service criteria for normal use NOTE In the case of permanent damage or permanent unacceptable deformations, the first passage of a service limit state is irreversible and is considered to cause failure. In other cases (such as temporary damage, temporary deformations or vibrations), the passage o

32、f a service limit state may be reversible and then a passage of a limit state does not always cause failure. 4 Monitored parameters and limits 4.1 Type of performance parameter A large range of performance parameters may be measured for the purposes of establishing performance criteria, both for acc

33、eptance testing and for through-life monitoring. The parameters to be considered are those which will indicate a defect condition either by an increase or decrease in overall measured value, or by some other change to a characteristic value. The parameters may be either quasi-static (varying with ti

34、me relatively slowly) or dynamic (varying with time relatively rapidly) in nature. The parameters may be identified with the assistance of reliability/criticality audits. Examples include displacement, strain, vibration, temperature, and stress waves. Condition monitoring of structures will usually

35、be carried out at the serviceability limit state. Any extrapolation to ultimate limit state performance requires careful consideration. 4.2 Type of measurement and diagnosis Examples of performance parameters, and measurement transducers and systems, useful to consider for a number of structure type

36、s are given in Annex A. Measurement transducers and systems shall be appropriately calibrated (for example in accordance with the relevant part of ISO 5347 or ISO 16063), mounted (for example in accordance with ISO 5348) and experimentally determined (for example in accordance with ISO 7626). When m

37、onitoring structures, features must be extracted from the measured performance parameters. These may be overall values, or values averaged over time in simple cases. In most cases, these simple features or descriptors are not useful as symptoms for the occurrence of defects. Signal-processing techni

38、ques may be BSISO16587:20044 required to reveal changes caused by emerging defects. These data-processing techniques, which are diagnostic in nature, include narrow-band vibration analysis, transfer-function analysis (e.g. mechanical mobility), broad-band vibration analysis, structural-damping analy

39、sis (both time domain and spatial domain), mechanical power-flow, complex wave number analysis, etc. Condition monitoring systems can take many forms. They can utilize permanently installed, semi-permanent or portable measuring instrumentation, or can involve methods for remote or local analysis. 4.

40、3 Measurement uncertainty of monitored parameters The measurement uncertainty (accuracy) required of monitored parameters to be used for structure condition monitoring and diagnosis is not so absolute as the accuracy that may be required for performance measurement. Methods utilizing trending of val

41、ues can be effective when repeatability of measurement is more important than absolute accuracy of measurement. Correction of measured parameters, for example to ISO standard conditions of pressure and temperature, is not necessarily required for routine condition monitoring. Where this is required,

42、 advice is given in the appropriate acceptance testing standard. It should be noted, however, that some parameters can be strongly dependent on temperature. 4.4 Sources of error and uncertainty Measured values and baselines can change due to maintenance work, including component change, adjustment o

43、r duty change, and can also be affected by temperature change. In certain cases, the baseline may need to be re-established following such changes. It should be noted that changes in measured values might also be due to normal or controlled changes in the operating conditions, and may not necessaril

44、y indicate a defective condition. Examples of error and uncertainty include calibration uncertainties, uncertainty induced by transducer mounting, instrumentation measurement uncertainty, and uncertainty in calibration from environmental effects on measurement systems. Such errors and uncertainties

45、can be minimized by the proper application of standards such as ISO 5347, ISO 5348, ISO 7626 and ISO 16063. 4.5 Factors affecting the setting of limits As may be seen from Figure 1, the acceptable limits should be chosen by suitably experienced personnel, based on the following: design, construction

46、, operation and maintenance codes, standards and criteria; type and magnitude of loading; service limit state and ultimate limit state characteristics; anticipated structural failure modes, either based on experience or on finite element models. Many of the chosen limits may be preliminary, and may

47、have to be improved iteratively after a period of monitoring (“trial and error”). BSISO16587:2004 5Figure 1 Flowchart illustrating an idealized condition-monitoring lifecycle BSISO16587:20046 5 Measurement procedure and data processing 5.1 Measurement techniques For the particular measurable paramet

48、er considered applicable, one or more measurement techniques may be appropriate. The particular technique chosen should then be assessed as to the practicalities of implementation, and the type of condition monitoring system required. Where appropriate, measurement techniques specified in currently

49、approved International Standards should be followed (for example, the ISO 7626 series outline the appropriate techniques for conducting mechanical mobility measurements). 5.2 Feasibility of measurement Consideration should be given to the feasibility of acquiring the measurements, including ease of access, complexity of required data acquisition system, level of required data processing, safety requirements, cost, and whether surveillan