1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 16840-10:2014Wheelchairs Resistance toignition of non-integrated seatand back support cushionsPart 10: Requirements and test methodsBS ISO 16840-10:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO16840-10:2014.The UK particip
2、ation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CH/173/1, Wheelchairs.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its co
3、rrectapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 82454 8ICS 11.180.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strate
4、gy Committee on 31 December 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 16840-10:2014 ISO 2014Wheelchairs Resistance to ignition of non-integrated seat and back support cushions Part 10: Requirements and test methodsFauteuils roulants Rsistance linflammation des coussins de sige
5、s et de dossiers non intgrs Partie 10: Exigences et mthodes dessaiINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16840-10First edition2014-12-15Reference numberISO 16840-10:2014(E)BS ISO 16840-10:2014ISO 16840-10:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherw
6、ise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address be
7、low or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 16840-10:2014ISO 16840-10:2014(E)Contents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope
8、. 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Principle 25 Health and safety of test personnel 25.1 General . 25.2 Enclosure . 25.3 Extinguishers 26 Apparatus . 36.1 Test rig 36.2 Test enclosure 36.3 Timer . 36.4 Heat source. 36.5 Conditioning environment 46.6 Test environment 56.7 Test sa
9、mple . 57 Test procedure 57.1 Preparation 57.2 Horizontal test . 57.3 Vertical test. 68 Requirements 69 Test report . 610 Disclosure of results . 6Annex A (informative) Design of a heat source as a surrogate cigarette device 8Annex B (normative) Conditioning of outer cover materials by washing and d
10、rying procedures .11Bibliography .13 ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiBS ISO 16840-10:2014ISO 16840-10:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is n
11、ormally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part i
12、n the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular
13、the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this doc
14、ument can be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.o
15、rg/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO p
16、rinciples in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information .The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs.ISO 16840 consists of the following parts, under th
17、e general title Wheelchairs Resistance to ignition of non-integrated seat and back support cushions: Part 1: Vocabulary, reference axis convention and measures for body segments, posture and postural support surfaces Part 2: Determination of physical and mechanical characteristics of devices intende
18、d to manage tissue integrity Seat cushions Part 3: Determination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices Part 4: Seating systems for use in motor vehicles Part 6: Simulated use and determination of the changes in properties Seat cushions Part 10: Resistance to ig
19、nition of non-integrated seat and back support cushions Requirements and test methods Part 11: Determination of perspiration dissipation characteristics of seat cushions intended to manage tissue integrity Technical SpecificationThe following parts are under preparation: Part 9: Clinical interface p
20、ressure mapping guidelines for seating Technical Report Part 12: Apparatus and method for cushion envelopment testingiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 16840-10:2014ISO 16840-10:2014(E)IntroductionThe ignition and subsequent burning of wheelchairs is very rare, but can occur as a result of being
21、close to a burning object such as a fire beside the wheelchair, overheating of any electrical or electronic device on the wheelchair, and contact from sparks or flames (such as welding sparks, cigarettes, or matches).Wheelchair occupants are at particular risk of injury or death from these fires and
22、 resulting fumes because they may not have the ability to move away from the wheelchair.Wheelchairs can be considered to be comprised of the following components:a) structural components such as the frame, wheels, etc. which are essential to the mechanical integrity of the wheelchair;b) postural sup
23、port devices, such as sling seats, sling back supports, arm supports, foot supports, etc., which are attached to the wheelchair and are primarily intended to give postural support to the wheelchair occupant (these can also be intended to aid in pressure redistribution);c) devices to manage tissue in
24、tegrity, such as seat and back support cushions which are intended to have primarily a clinical function to minimize the risks of skin damage (these can also be intended to control or accommodate posture);d) power-related components such as motors, energy sources, controllers etc., which are require
25、d for the functioning of powered devices on wheelchairs.Each of the above components has a different severity of risk associated with its likelihood of igniting and its resulting harm to the wheelchair occupant. ISO standards have been published or are in preparation to specify requirements and test
26、 methods for the above categories of components to help manufacturers and purchasers of wheelchairs to design and procure wheelchairs and their components which are appropriate for the risk of ignition balanced against the functional needs of the wheelchair occupant. The aim of these ISO standards i
27、s to provide appropriate alternatives to using furniture-based flammability standards, to reflect the uses and purposes of wheelchairs and their accessories.The development of an ISO standard on the resistance to ignition of structural components see list item a) above has not yet commenced. The mos
28、t likely sources of ignition are proximity to a heat source such as an electric radiator or domestic fire or a heat source such as a lighted match or cigarette falling onto the structure.ISO 717616 is primarily concerned with the resistance to ignition of postural support device components of a whee
29、lchair see list item b) above. These typically include arm supports, sling seats, sling back supports, lower leg supports, foot supports, lateral supports, head supports, etc. The most likely source of ignition is an open flame source falling onto the components surface or into gaps between surfaces
30、. Consequently that standard is written around resistance to a heat source equivalent to a lighted match in contact with a test sample of an assembly of the upholstered parts composite materials in both a vertical and horizontal orientation.The power related components see list item d) above are the
31、 subject of ISO 717614 which specifies requirements to prevent overheating in electrical components that could lead to a fire.The tissue integrity devices see list item c) above are the subject of this part of ISO 16840, and permit a less stringent resistance to ignition than in ISO 717616, based up
32、on the priority of these components for their clinical function, which might override the need for a high resistance to ignitability.The requirements of this part of ISO 16840 have been set at a basic minimum level and are less severe than mandatory requirements in some countries. This part of ISO 1
33、6840 has been produced to allow for the use of materials that would not meet the requirements of ISO 717616, but the manufacturer is required to make the case as to why ISO 717616 could not be employed. Good practice is also to use ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16840-10:2014ISO 16840-10:2014(
34、E)materials which minimize the risk of release of toxic substances as a result of ignition. Materials chosen are to comply also with biocompatibility requirements (ISO 109931 and ISO 1099310).The day to day usage of a wheelchair may affect its materials resistance to ignition through cyclic loading,
35、 movement of materials, washing, cleaning, etc. Manufacturers will often take this effect into account as part of their risk assessment when selecting materials for their products to minimize the effects of this normal use. However, although this part of ISO 16840 can be used on parts that have been
36、 used, etc., the test samples specify new or unused parts.Different environments commonly encountered by some wheelchair occupants may also affect the flammability of materials. For example, home oxygen systems, delivery systems for drugs carried in an inflammable medium, etc., can turn an inert mat
37、erial into a flammable one. Dust and other materials accumulated within the chair have also been found to be a source of readily ignitable material. Wheelchair manufacturers and occupants should be aware of these risks, and design and use wheelchairs accordingly as covered by ISO 14971.This part of
38、ISO 16840 describes testing an assembly of the composite of materials as used in the wheelchair component, because the resistance to ignition of these materials individually can be quite different from those when assembled as a composite. Hence, the results of this part of ISO 16840 do not give any
39、indication of the resistance to ignition of any of the separate individual materials of the test sample.vi ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 16840-10:2014Wheelchairs Resistance to ignition of non-integrated seat and back support cushions Part 10: Requirements and test methods1 ScopeThis part of ISO
40、 16840 specifies requirements and test methods to assess the resistance to ignition by smouldering cigarette equivalent of non-integrated components of a wheelchair intended to protect tissue integrity.The test measures only the resistance to ignition by smouldering cigarette equivalent of the items
41、 tested and not the ignitability of the complete wheelchair. It gives an indication, but cannot guarantee, the ignition behaviour of the assembled non-integrated devices of a complete wheelchair.This part of ISO 16840 does not apply to resistance to ignition of structural parts of a wheelchair, nor
42、does it cover postural support devices. This part of ISO 16840 does not cover changes in resistance to ignition as a result of regular washing or use.This part of ISO 16840 allows for the separate testing of removable non-integrated components of a wheelchair which are normally used in the horizonta
43、l plane (e.g. a seat cushion) from those normally used in the vertical plane (e.g. a back support).This part of ISO 16840 describes testing an assembly of the composite of materials as used in the removable non-integrated component. The results of this part of ISO 16840 do not give any indication of
44、 the resistance to ignition of any of the separate individual materials of the test sample.NOTE 1 The intent of this part of ISO 16840 is primarily to cover removable cushions whose described purpose is that of protecting skin tissue against pressure, shear, and maceration related damage.NOTE 2 The
45、requirements of this part of ISO 16840 have been set at a basic minimal level and are less severe than mandatory requirements in some countries.Where practical, it is advisable that manufacturers use materials with superior resistance to ignition. The manufacturer is required to make the case as to
46、why ISO 717616 could not be employed rather than this part of ISO 16840.NOTE 3 Requirements for the control of risks from sources of fire created by electrical and electronic components are included in ISO 7176142 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the appli
47、cation of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 14971, Medical devices Application of risk management to medical devicesISO 554, Standard atmospheres for condit
48、ioning and/or testing SpecificationsEN 10211:2006, Furniture Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered furniture Part 1: Ignition source smouldering cigaretteINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16840-10:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16840-10:2014ISO 16840-10:2014(E)3 Terms and definitionsF
49、or the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 717626 and ISO 81911:1987 and the following apply.3.1flamingundergoing combustion in the gaseous phase with the emission of lightSOURCE: ISO 81911:1987, definition 3.23.2non-integrateddetachable without the use of toolsNote 1 to entry: Seat or back cushions held in place by hook and loop fastenings are also considered non-integrated.Note 2 to entry: Other upholstered parts (such as padded seat or back canvasses) a
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