BS ISO 17208-1-2016 Underwater acoustics Quantities and procedures for description and measurement of underwater sound from ships Requirements for precision measurements in deep wa.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 17208-1:2016Underwater acoustics Quantities and procedures fordescription and measurementof underwater sound fromshipsPart 1: Requirements for precisionmeasurements in deep water used forcomparison purposesBS ISO 17208-1:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis Brit

2、ish Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 17208-1:2016. It supersedes PD ISO/PAS 17208-1:2012 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/1/7, Underwater acoustics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on reque

3、st to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 86822 1 ICS 17.140.30 Compliance with a Britis

4、h Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 17208-1:2016 ISO 2016Underwater acoustics Quantities

5、 and procedures for description and measurement of underwater sound from ships Part 1: Requirements for precision measurements in deep water used for comparison purposesAcoustique sous-marine Grandeurs et modes de description et de mesurage de lacoustique sous-marine des navires Partie 1: Exigences

6、pour les mesurages en eau profonde utilises pour des besoins de comparaisonINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO17208-1First edition2016-03-15Reference numberISO 17208-1:2016(E)BS ISO 17208-1:2016ISO 17208-1:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll

7、 rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested fr

8、om either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 17208-1:2016ISO 17208-1:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v

9、1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Instrumentation 64.1 General . 64.2 Hydrophone and signal conditioning 74.3 Data acquisition, recording, processing and display 74.4 Distance measurement 75 Measurement requirements and procedure . 85.1 General . 85.2 Test site requirem

10、ents 85.3 Sea surface conditions 85.4 Hydrophone deployment . 95.5 Test course and ship operation 105.6 Test sequence 116 Post-processing .126.1 General 126.2 Background noise adjustments . 136.3 Sensitivity adjustments 146.4 Distance normalization . 146.5 Hydrophone and run combination post-process

11、ing .157 Measurement uncertainty .168 Reporting example 17Bibliography .20 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 17208-1:2016ISO 17208-1:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). T

12、he work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-go

13、vernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described

14、in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the

15、 possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO l

16、ist of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as we

17、ll as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 3, Underwater acoustics.This first edition cancels and

18、 replaces ISO/PAS 17208-1:2012, which has been technically revised.ISO 17208 consists of the following parts, under the general title Underwater acoustics Quantities and procedures for description and measurement of underwater sound from ships: Part 1: Requirements for precision measurements in deep

19、 water used for comparison purposesThe following part is under preparation: Part 2: Determination of source levelsA third part on measurement of radiated noise levels in shallow water is planned.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 17208-1:2016ISO 17208-1:2016(E)IntroductionThis part of ISO 17208 w

20、as developed to provide a standardized measurement method for the quantification and qualification of a ships underwater radiated noise level. This procedure measures a sector average for a certain beam aspect. It promotes the consistency of reported sound measurements from shipping sources. This pa

21、rt of ISO 17208 provides users with the necessary procedure to compare a ships radiated noise level to criteria established by others or to contract specifications.Reduction of all types of ship emissions, most notably ballast water and engine emissions, became an issue in the decade prior to public

22、ation of ISO/PAS 17208-1:2012. ISO/PAS 17208-1:2012 was developed in response to growing international concerns about underwater noise and its impact on marine animals.Excessive underwater noise has the potential to interfere with a marine animals ability to perform a variety of critical life functi

23、ons, including navigation, communication and finding food. Because of this, the environmental impact statements of underwater projects such as pile driving, pipe laying and oil exploration now include assessments of underwater noise impact.This part of ISO 17208 converts the PAS to an International

24、Standard and limits its focus to a precision grade of measurement. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 17208-1:2016BS ISO 17208-1:2016Underwater acoustics Quantities and procedures for description and measurement of underwater sound from ships Part 1: Requirements for precision measurements in deep

25、 water used for comparison purposes1 ScopeThis part of ISO 17208 specifies the general measurement system, procedure, and methodology used for the measurement of underwater sound from ships under a prescribed operating condition. It does not specify or provide guidance on underwater noise criteria o

26、r address the potential effects of noise on marine organisms.The resulting quantities are based on the root-mean-square sound pressure levels (SPL), herein used synonymously with sound pressure level or SPL measured in the far field of the ship and normalized to a distance of 1 m and reported in one

27、-third octave bands (see 4.3). In this part of ISO 17208, the result of these measurements is called “radiated noise level”. The underwater sound pressure level measurement is performed in the geometric far field and then adjusted to the 1 m normalized distance for use in comparison with appropriate

28、 underwater noise criteria.This part of ISO 17208 is applicable to any and all underway surface vessels, either manned or unmanned. It is not applicable to submerged vessels or to aircraft. The method has no inherent limitation on minimum or maximum ship size. It is limited to ships transiting at sp

29、eeds no greater than 50 kn (25,7 m/s).The measurement method smooths the variability caused by Lloyds mirror surface image coherence effects, but does not exclude a possible influence of propagation effects like bottom reflections, refraction and absorption. No specific computational adjustments for

30、 these effects are provided in this part of ISO 17208. A specific ocean location is not required to use this part of ISO 17208, but the requirements for an ocean test site are provided.The intended uses of the method described in this part of ISO 17208 are: to show compliance with contract requireme

31、nts or criteria, for comparison of one ship to another ship, to enable periodic signature assessments, and for research and development. The intended users include government agencies, research vessel operators, and commercial ship owners.Additional post-processing would be required to use the data

32、obtained from this measurement method for determination of the ship source levels to perform far field noise predictions such as needed for most environmental impact studies or for creating underwater noise contour maps.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normativ

33、ely referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 18405:1), Underwater acoustics Terminology1) To be published.I

34、NTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17208-1:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 17208-1:2016ISO 17208-1:2016(E)IEC 60565, Underwater acoustics Hydrophones Calibration in the frequency range 0,01 Hz to 1 MHzIEC 61260, Electroacoustics Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters3 Terms and definitio

35、nsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 18405 and the following apply.3.1background noisenoise from all sources (biotic and abiotic) other than the ship being measured, including self noiseNote 1 to entry: See 6.2 for background noise adjustments.SOURCE: ISO 11202

36、:2010, 3.17, modified in the definition, added “(biotic and abiotic)” and changed “source under test” to “ship being measured”.3.2beam aspectdirection to either side of the ship under test perpendicular to the vertical plane through the middle of the ship from front to back Note 1 to entry: Beam asp

37、ect refers to the location of the hydrophone(s) with respect to the ship under test and is typically referred to as port or starboard directions. Another approach for hydrophone measurement (not applied here) is keel aspect where the hydrophone(s) are below the keel of the ship under test.3.3closest

38、 point of approachCPApoint where the horizontal distance (during a test run) from the ship reference point of the ship under test to the hydrophone(s) is the smallestNote 1 to entry: The distance to the hydrophone at the closest point of approach is defined by the symbol dCPAas used in Formula (1).3

39、.4commence exerciseCOMEXstart test range locationposition of the ship reference point of the ship under test at least twice (2x) the distance of the “start data” location ahead of the closest point of approachNote 1 to entry: See Figure 3.3.5data window angleangle subtended at the hydrophone, betwee

40、n the start data location and the end data locationNote 1 to entry: The data window angle is expressed as a value in degrees as shown in Figure 3. Note 2 to entry: The data window angle is 30.3.6data window lengthDWLlDWdistance between the start data location and end data locationNote 1 to entry: Th

41、e DWL is defined by the distance at closest point of approach and the data window angle of 30 as given in Formula (1) and shown in Figure 3.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 17208-1:2016ISO 17208-1:2016(E)3.7data window periodDWPtDWPtime it takes the ship under test to travel the data window leng

42、th at a certain speedNote 1 to entry: See Formula (2) and Figure 3.3.8end data locationposition of the ship reference point of the ship under test where data recording is endedNote 1 to entry: End data location is one data window length after the start data location. See Figure 3.3.9field calibratio

43、nmethod of using known inputs, possibly using physical stimuli (such as a known, calibrated and traceable acoustic or vibration source) or electrical input (charge or voltage signal injection) at the input (or other stage) of a measurement system in order to ascertain that the system is, in fact, re

44、sponding properly (i.e. within the systems stated uncertainty) to the known stimulus3.10finish exerciseFINEXend test range locationposition of the ship reference point of the ship under test twice (2x) the distance to the “start data” location past the closest point of approachNote 1 to entry: See F

45、igure 3.3.11frequency responsefrequency range a system is able to measure, for a given uncertainty and repeatability, from the lowest frequency to the highest stated frequency3.12geometric far fieldhorizontal distance from the ship under test at which the assumption of source co-location causes less

46、 than 1 dB difference between the actual measurement and the hypothetical result when adjusting to the reference far field distanceNote 1 to entry: The definition for acoustic far field in ISO 18405 also applies.3.13hydrophone cable drift angleangle between the vertical axis and the line created bet

47、ween the fixed support of the hydrophone cable and the hydrophone3.14insert voltage calibrationknown, calibrated and traceable input stimulus in the form of an electrical input injected at the input (or other stage) of a measurement system in order to ascertain that the system is, in fact, respondin

48、g properly (i.e. within the systems stated uncertainty and repeatability) to a known stimulus3.15Lloyds mirror surface image coherence effectsalteration of radiated noise levels caused by the presence of a free (pressure release) surfaceNote 1 to entry: Radiation from the surface image constructivel

49、y and destructively influences the sources direct radiation. For this part of ISO 17208, these effects are considered as part of the sources radiation, causing it to exhibit a vertical directivity and necessitating the acquisition angle(s) is defined. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 17208-1:2016ISO 17208-1:2016(E)Note 2 to entry: Lloyds mirror effects are reduced but not removed from the final radiated noise level determined herein.3.16measurement repeatabilityexpected dispersion of radiated noise levels resulting