1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 17572-1:2015Intelligent transport systems(ITS) Location referencing forgeographic databasesPart 1: General requirements andconceptual modelBS ISO 17572-1:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 17572-1:2015. It super
2、sedes BS ISO 17572-1:2008 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/278, Intelligent transport systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to incl
3、ude all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 82013 7ICS 03.220.01; 35.240.60Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligati
4、ons.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 17572-1:2015 ISO 2015Intelligent transport systems (ITS) Location referencing for geographic
5、databases Part 1: General requirements and conceptual modelSystmes intelligents de transport (SIT) Localisation pour bases de donnes gographiques Partie 1: Exigences gnrales et modle conceptuelINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO17572-1Second edition2015-01-15Reference numberISO 17572-1:2015(E)BS ISO 17572-1:2
6、015ISO 17572-1:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
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8、eb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 17572-1:2015ISO 17572-1:2015(E)Contents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Terms and definitions . 12.1 General terms . 13 Abbreviated terms 74 Objectives and requirements for a location referencing method . 84.1 Objectives for an optimal location
9、referencing method 84.2 Requirements of the location referencing method 95 Conceptual data model for location referencing methods 105.1 Role of conceptual model 105.2 Components of conceptual model . 105.3 Description of the conceptual model 105.4 Location categories 115.5 Conceptual model of a road
10、 network 125.6 Conceptual model of area locations . 13Annex A (informative) Inventory of location referencing methods 15Annex B (informative) Examples of location referencing methods in use (mapping to conceptual data model for location referencing systems) .19Annex C (informative) Description of UM
11、L expression elements 21Annex D (informative) Comparison of definitions with TC 211 23Annex E (informative) TPEG2 UML modelling and physical format representations 25Annex F (informative) TPEG2 location referencing container .27Bibliography .28 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiBS ISO 17572-1:2015ISO
12、17572-1:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject
13、 for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
14、on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be note
15、d. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying a
16、ny or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of u
17、sers and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplement
18、ary information .The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17572-1:2008), which has been technically revised.ISO 17572 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent t
19、ransport systems (ITS) Location referencing for geographic databases: Part 1: General requirements and conceptual model Part 2: Pre-coded location references (pre-coded profile) Part 3: Dynamic location references (dynamic profile)iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 17572-1:2015ISO 17572-1:2015(E)
20、IntroductionA location reference (LR) is a unique identification of a geographic object. In a digital world, a real-world geographic object can be represented by a feature in a geographic database. An example of a commonly known location reference is a postal address of a house. Examples of object i
21、nstances include a particular exit ramp on a particular motorway, a road junction or a hotel. For efficiency reasons, location references are often coded. This is especially significant if the location reference is used to define the location for information about various objects between different s
22、ystems. For intelligent transport systems (ITS), many different types of real-world objects will be addressed. Amongst these, Location Referencing of the road network, or components thereof, is a particular focus.Communication of a location reference for specific geographic phenomena, corresponding
23、to objects in geographic databases, in a standard, unambiguous manner is a vital part of an integrated ITS system in which different applications and sources of geographic data will be used. Location referencing methods (LRM, methods of referencing object instances) differ by applications, by the da
24、ta model used to create the database or by the enforced object referencing imposed by the specific mapping system used to create and store the database. A standard location referencing method allows for a common and unambiguous identification of object instances representing the same geographic phen
25、omena in different geographic databases produced by different vendors, for varied applications and operating on multiple hardware/software platforms. If ITS applications using digital map databases are to become widespread, data reference across various applications and systems has to be possible. I
26、nformation prepared on one system, such as traffic messages, has to be interpretable by all receiving systems. A standard method to refer to specific object instances is essential to achieving such objectives.Japan, Korea, Australia, Canada, the US, and European ITS bodies are all supporting activit
27、ies of Location Referencing. Japan has developed a link specification for VICS. In Europe, the RDS-TMC traffic messaging system has been developed. In addition, methods have been developed and refined in the EVIDENCE and AGORA projects based on intersections identified by geographic coordinates and
28、other intersection descriptors. In the US, standards for Location Referencing have been developed to accommodate several different location referencing methods.This International Standard provides specifications for location referencing for ITS systems (although other committees or standardization b
29、odies can subsequently consider extending it to a more generic context). In addition, this edition does not deal with public transport location referencing; this issue will be dealt with in a later edition. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 17572-1:2015BS ISO 17572-1:2015Intelligent transport sys
30、tems (ITS) Location referencing for geographic databases Part 1: General requirements and conceptual model1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies location referencing methods (LRMs) that describe locations in the context of geographic databases and will be used to locate transport-related pheno
31、mena in an encoder system as well as in the decoder side. This International Standard defines what is meant by such objects and describes the reference in detail, including whether or not components of the reference are mandatory or optional, and their characteristics.This International Standard spe
32、cifies two different LRMs: pre-coded location references (pre-coded profile); dynamic location references (dynamic profile).This International Standard does not define a physical format for implementing the LRM. However, the requirements for physical formats are defined.This International Standard d
33、oes not define details of the Location Referencing System (LRS), i.e. how the LRMs are to be implemented in software, hardware, or processes.This part of ISO 17572 specifies the following general LRM-related sections: requirements of a location referencing method; conceptual data model for location
34、referencing methods; inventory location referencing methods (see Annex A); examples of conceptual model use (see Annex B); description of selected UML elements (see Annex C); comparison of definitions with ISO/TC 211 (see Annex D); introduction to the TPEG physical format (see Annex E and Annex F).I
35、t is consistent with other International Standards developed by ISO/TC 204 such as ISO 14825.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.2.1 General termsNOTE As part of the general intent to harmonize this International Standard with the ISO/T
36、C 211 family of Geographic Information Systems International Standards, a comparison between terms and definitions of this International Standard and of ISO/TC 211 International Standards is included in Annex D.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17572-1:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 17572-1:2
37、015ISO 17572-1:2015(E)2.1.1accuracymeasure of closeness of results of observations, computations, or estimates to the true values or the values accepted as being true2.1.2areatwo-dimensional, geographical region on the surface of the earthNote 1 to entry: An area can be represented as an implicit ar
38、ea or an explicit area.2.1.3area locationtwo-dimensional location, representing a geographical region on the surface of the earth2.1.4attributecharacteristic property of an entity like a real-world featureNote 1 to entry: It allows the identification of that feature by its attributes. An attribute h
39、as a defined type and contains a value. Attributes can be either simple, i.e. consisting of one atomic value, or composite (see composite attribute).2.1.5coordinateone of an ordered set of N numbers designating the position of a point in N-dimensional spaceNote 1 to entry: N would be 1, 2, or 3.2.1.
40、6complex intersectionintersection that consists at least of two or more junctions and one or more road elements2.1.7composite attributecomplex attributeattribute consisting of two or more atomic values and/or attributes2.1.8datumset of parameters and control points used to accurately define the thre
41、e-dimensional shape of the earthNote 1 to entry: The corresponding datum is the basis for a planar coordinate reference system.2.1.9descriptorcharacteristic of a geographic object, usually stored in an attributeEXAMPLE Road names or road numbers.2.1.10digital map databasestructured set of digital an
42、d alphanumeric data portraying geographic locations and relationships of spatial featuresNote 1 to entry: Typically, such structures represent, but are not limited to, the digital form of hard copy maps. For example, drawings can be imported into a Geographic Information System (GIS) and considered
43、as a form of digital map.2.1.11dynamic location referencelocation reference generated on-the-fly based on geographic properties in a digital map database2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 17572-1:2015ISO 17572-1:2015(E)2.1.12explicit areatwo-dimensional face on the surface of the earth, with a spe
44、cified outline either being a simple geometric figure or an irregular outline/polygon2.1.13facetwo-dimensional element bounded by a closed sequence of edges not intersecting themselvesNote 1 to entry: The face is the atomic two-dimensional element.2.1.14implicit areaselection of road segments to be
45、referenced belonging to a certain area (subnetwork)Note 1 to entry: One implicit area can be built up of multiple subnetworks that are geographically connected.2.1.15international terrestrial reference frameITRFrealization of the ITRSNote 1 to entry: The ITRF94 reference frame is consistent with WGS
46、84 at the 5 cm level, and therefore is equivalent to WGS84 for ITS applications.2.1.16international terrestrial reference systemITRSreference system for the earth derived from precise and accurate space geodesy measurements, not restricted to GPS Doppler measurements, which is periodically tracked a
47、nd revised by the international earth rotation service2.1.17intersectioncrossing and/or connection of two or more roadsNote 1 to entry: In GDF, an intersection is a level 2 representation of a junction which bounds a road or a ferry. It is a complex feature, composed of one or more level 1 junctions
48、, road elements, and enclosed traffic areas. The definition is different from GDF because the location referencing system refers to real-world objects rather than a database definition as defined in GDF.Note 2 to entry: Crossings can be at-grade or grade-separated. Crossings that are grade-separated
49、 where no connection between the road segments exists, are excluded from this definition.2.1.18junctionelementary element in the road network, connecting two or more road elementsNote 1 to entry: In GDF terms, it is a level 1 feature that bounds a road element or ferry connection. Junctions that represent real crossings are at least trivalent (having three roads connected). A bivalent junction can only be defined in case an attribute change occurs along the road (e.g. road name change). A junction is also coded at the end of a dead-
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