1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 17860:2014Fine ceramics (advancedceramics, advanced technicalceramics) Determination ofdrying loss of ceramic granulesBS ISO 17860:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 17860:2014. The UK participation in its prepa
2、ration was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RPI/13, Advanced technical ceramics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its corr
3、ect application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 79375 2ICS 81.060.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strat
4、egy Committee on 31 May 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 17860:2014 ISO 2014Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Determination of drying loss of ceramic granulesCramiques techniques Dtermination de la perte au schage des
5、granuls de cramiqueINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO17860First edition2014-05-15Reference numberISO 17860:2014(E)BS ISO 17860:2014ISO 17860:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduce
6、d or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO
7、 copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 17860:2014ISO 17860:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Principle 13 Apparatus . 13.1 Drying oven
8、 13.2 Moisture analyser . 14 Sampling 15 Procedure. 25.1 Procedure 1: Drying oven 25.2 Procedure 2: Moisture analyser . 26 Calculation 37 Test report . 3BS ISO 17860:2014ISO 17860:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
9、bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizat
10、ions, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its furth
11、er maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directive
12、s). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Int
13、roduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to
14、 conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO
15、 17860:2014INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17860:2014(E)Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Determination of drying loss of ceramic granules1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the testing method to determine the drying loss of granulated ceramic powders. The drying los
16、s of granulated ceramic powders means the loss of mass that occurs from drying under specified conditions.2 PrincipleGranulated ceramic powders may contain water, solvent, organic additives, and other volatile matters. Because water, solvent, and, to some extent, also organic additives are removed f
17、rom granulated powders by drying at high temperature, a mass loss occurs after drying under specified conditions. The mass loss of granulated ceramic powder divided by its initial mass gives its drying loss in percentage by mass.3 Apparatus3.1 Drying ovenA drying oven capable of maintaining temperat
18、ures up to 110 C with a precision of 5 C and circulating air in oven. The type of oven shall be stated in the test report, as the design of the oven can influence the test result.3.1.1 Flat-bottomed dishA flat-bottomed metallic dish (for example, tin or aluminium), approximately 50 mm in diameter an
19、d 30 mm in height. The dimensions of the dish are not critical, but the base should be flat to ensure good thermal contact and to permit the test portion of the powder to be spread to a thin, even layer (the thickness of powder can have a significant influence on the test result).3.1.2 BalanceA bala
20、nce capable of weighing at least 10 g with a precision of 0,001 g (1 mg).3.1.3 DesiccatorA desiccator containing a desiccant such as dried calcium chloride impregnated with cobalt chloride.3.2 Moisture analyserA moisture analyser with a precision of 0,001 g (1 mg) that has a halogen or infrared heat
21、ing source (instead of the apparatus described in 3.1).4 Sampling4.1 The granulated ceramic powder should be tested in the as-received condition. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 17860:2014ISO 17860:2014(E)4.2 The test shall be carried out on three different test portions. For routine in-process
22、-quality-control-measurements, only one test is sufficient.NOTE Select representative test sample using a sample splitter or equivalent method.5 Procedure5.1 Procedure 1: Drying ovenWhen using a drying oven described in 3.1, procedure is as follows.5.1.1 Dry an empty and clean flat-bottomed dish at
23、(110 5)C for at least 2 h and allow it to cool down to room temperature in a desiccator.5.1.2 Weigh the empty dish to the nearest 1 mg.5.1.3 Put a granulated ceramic powder into the dish and spread it evenly over the bottom of the dish by gentle movement of the dish until it gives a layer with a thi
24、ckness of about 5 mm to 10 mm.5.1.4 Weigh the as-received powder in the dish to the nearest 1 mg (m1).5.1.5 Place the dish with the powder in an oven and dry it at (110 5)C for 2 h. When the drying is completed, transfer the dish to a desiccator and allow it to cool to room temperature.NOTE If organ
25、ic additives contained in granulated ceramic powder decompose or evaporate at 110C, select a lower temperature to dry the dish with the powder considering the nature of the material. The condition chosen shall be shown to be adequate for complete drying using a separate series of tests. Record the t
26、emperature in the test report.5.1.6 Weigh the dried powder in the dish to the nearest 1 mg (m2).5.1.7 Compare the mass of dried powder (m2) with that of as-received powder (m1). If a mass loss by drying is more than 3 mg, repeat 5.1.5 to 5.1.7 until it becomes less than 3 mg.5.1.8 Repeat 5.1.1 to 5.
27、1.7 with two additional portions and average the results.5.2 Procedure 2: Moisture analyserWhen using a moisture analyser described in 3.2, procedure is as follows.5.2.1 Select proper parameters for sample mass, drying temperature, and abort criterion. Sample mass shall be within the range of 5 g to
28、 10 g. Drying temperature shall be selected under consideration of the constituents of the powder, in particular of the organic additives. Drying shall not result in the decomposition of constituents of the powder. Possible abort criteria are related to duration or to mass change. In case of a durat
29、ion-related abort criterion, the chosen drying duration shall be sufficient for complete drying. This shall be proved in advance in a measurement series using different drying durations. Use a duration at which the difference of the result compared to that of a shorter duration is less than 0,02 %.
30、In case of a mass change-related abort criterion, it shall be 0,002 g/60 s or smaller.5.2.2 Perform the measurement according to the operating instructions of the moisture analyser.5.2.3 Repeat 5.2.2 with two additional portions and average the results.2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 17860:2014
31、ISO 17860:2014(E)6 CalculationWhen using procedure 1, calculate the drying loss of the granulated ceramic powder, L, expressed as percentage by mass, with three significant digits, using Formula (1):Lmmm=121100 (1)whereLis the drying loss, in percentage by mass, of the granulated ceramic powder;m1is
32、 the mass, in grams, of the not-dried granulated ceramic powder in the dish;m2is the mass, in grams, of the dried granulated ceramic powder in the dish.When using procedure 2, the drying loss of the granulated ceramic powder, L, expressed as percentage by mass, is calculated by the software of the m
33、oisture analyser, using Formula (1) and the result is displayed.7 Test reportThe test report shall be in accordance with the reporting provisions of ISO/IEC 17025 and shall contain the following:a) the name of the testing establishment;b) date of the test, report identification and number, operator,
34、 signatory;c) temperature and relative humidity in laboratory;d) a reference to this International Standard (i.e. ISO 17860:2014);e) all details for identification of the granulated ceramic powder (material type, manufacturer, batch or code number);f) the type of the dish used (shape, diameter, heig
35、ht, etc.);g) the type of oven used;h) the type of moisture analyser used (when using a moisture analyser);i) the abort criterion used (when using a moisture analyser);j) drying temperature;k) the result obtained: drying loss (%);l) any unusual features noted during the determination;m) comments abou
36、t the test or test results. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 17860:2014ISO 17860:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reservedICS 81.060.30Price based on 3 pagesThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications,
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