BS ISO 18309-2014 Ships and marine technology Incinerator sizing and selection Guidelines《船舶和海洋技术 焚烧炉的尺寸计算和选型 指南》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18309:2014Ships and marine technology Incinerator sizing andselection GuidelinesBS ISO 18309:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18309:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommi

2、ttee SME/32/-/3, Ships and marine technology - Piping and machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct applica

3、tion. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 80376 5 ICS 13.030.40; 47.020.99 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Str

4、ategy Committee on 31 October 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e d ISO 2014Ships and marine technology Incinerator sizing and selection GuidelinesNavires et technologie marine Dimensionnement et choix dun incinrateur Lignes directricesINTERNATIONAL STANDARD

5、ISO 18309First edition 2014-10-15Reference number ISO 18309:2014(E)BS ISO 18309:2014ISO 18309:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or

6、 by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-12

7、11 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 18309:2014ISO 18309:2014(E)Contents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Selecting incinerator size and location . 25 Estimating daily

8、 quantities of solid waste to be incinerated 26 Other factors for selection 27 Classification of shipboard wastes and incinerators 37.1 Classification of shipboard wastes . 38 Incinerator operations . 48.1 Solid waste capacity calculation 48.2 Machinery sludge oil generation calculation 48.3 Capacit

9、y calculation when burning both solid waste and sludge oil . 4Annex A (informative) Alternative disposal of contaminated water . 6Bibliography 7 ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiBS ISO 18309:2014ISO 18309:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federatio

10、n of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.

11、 International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and thos

12、e intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (s

13、ee www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the doc

14、ument will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms an

15、d expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology,

16、Subcommittee SC 2, Marine environment protection.iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18309:2014Ships and marine technology Incinerator sizing and selection Guidelines1 ScopeThis International Standard covers selection criteria to assist procurers in selecting the appropriate incinerator for their

17、needs. This International Standard is a companion document to ISO 13617.This International Standard does not apply to incinerator systems on special incinerator ships, for example, for burning industrial wastes such as chemicals, manufacturing residues, and so forth.2 Normative referencesThe followi

18、ng documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 13617, Ships an

19、d marine technology Shipboard incinerators RequirementsInternational Maritime Organization (IMO), The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), Annexes V and VI, as amended3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definition

20、s apply.3.1batch feedingnon-continuous feeding incinerator where the combustion chamber shall be cooled down between placing solid waste into the combustion chamber3.2continuous feedingpump transfer of sludge oil into the incinerator combustion chamber on a continuous basis; also, the feeding of sol

21、id waste into the combustion chamber by a screw conveyor or sluice system3.3sludge oilresidual from fuel and lubricating oil separators, oily waste from machinery and hydraulic power units, drip trays and oil-water separators3.4sluice systemtrap door system, whereby it is possible in a safe manner t

22、o feed solid waste into the combustion chamber while the incinerator is operating and is at high temperature3.5solid wastecombustible trash, garbage, and rubbish (see also 7.1)3.6wasteunneeded or useless matter which is to be discardedINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18309:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights rese

23、rved 1BS ISO 18309:2014ISO 18309:2014(E)4 Selecting incinerator size and locationA number of factors will govern the selection of the size and type of shipboard incinerator and full consideration shall be given to each. The installed location of the unit is of equal importance to ensure low-cost ope

24、ration, ease of charging, ease of cleaning, and so forth. Consideration should be given to the following factors:a) maximum amount of each type of waste that will be incinerated each day (see Clause 5);b) normal number of hours per day that the incinerator will be in operation;c) loading procedure (

25、batch/continuous) over operating hours;d) if wet and dry material can be loaded into the incinerator, so that a large volume of auxiliary fuel is not requirede) if the incinerator can be installed on a ship in a location near the major source of refuse, so as to minimize the manpower requirements fo

26、r loading operations;f) if ashes will be removed easily if the incinerator is installed in the machinery space or on a lower deck;g) if ash removal will be manual (shovelling) or semiautomatic.5 Estimating daily quantities of solid waste to be incinerated Number of the ships crew:Galley and crew qua

27、rters waste estimate: 1,5 kg per crew member per day Number of passengers carried:Galley and passenger quarters waste estimate: 2,5 kg per passenger per day Stores:Estimated amount of packaging for food and other items that, during the underway period, will become waste in the form of rubbish or tra

28、sh: 0,5 kg per crew member or passenger per day Sludge oil generation (see Clause 8 for estimation)6 Other factors for selectiona) Type of unit (for example: solid waste only, solid waste and sludge oil)b) Capacity of unit in kW or BTU/hour (based on waste generation estimate, heat content of waste,

29、 and operating hours)c) Sludge oil capacityd) Loading considerations (batch loading or continuous feed)e) Environmental considerationsIncinerators are required to meet the emission limits specified in IMO MARPOL Annex VI or ISO 13617.f) Heat recovery options (amount of steam or hot water to be gener

30、ated)g) Induced draft fan requirementsh) Modular/packagei) Dimensions/weight2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18309:2014ISO 18309:2014(E)7 Classification of shipboard wastes and incineratorsThe basis for satisfactory incinerator operation is the correct analysis of the waste to be destroyed and t

31、he selection of proper equipment to best destroy that particular waste.As a guide, mixtures of waste most commonly encountered have been classified into types of waste, together with the heat content (kJ/kg) values and moisture contents of the mixtures. For example, a concentration of one specific w

32、aste in the mixture may change the heat value or the moisture content, or both, of the mixture. A concentration of more than 10 % by weight of catalogues, magazines, or packaged paper will change the density of the mixture and affect burning rates.Similarly, incinerators have been classified by thei

33、r capacities and by the types of wastes they are capable of incinerating.7.1 Classification of shipboard wastesThe following classifications of shipboard waste differ from the definition of garbage as found in Annex V of MARPOL, which includes all of the types listed below.a) Type 0: Trash, a mixtur

34、e of highly combustible waste, such as paper, cardboard, cartons, wood boxes, and combustible floor sweepings from commercial and industrial activities. The mixtures contain up to 10 % by weight of plastic bags, coated paper, laminated paper, treated corrugated cardboard, oily rags, and plastic or r

35、ubber scraps.This type of waste contains 10 % moisture, 5 % incombustible solids, and has a heating value of 19 730 kJ/kg as fired.b) Type 1: Rubbish, a mixture of combustible waste, such as paper, cardboard cartons, wood scrap, foliage, and combustible floor sweepings, from domestic, commercial, an

36、d industrial activities. The mixture contains up to 20 % by weight of galley or cafeteria waste, but contains little or no treated papers, plastic, or rubber wastes.This type of waste contains 25 % moisture, 10 % incombustible solids, and has a heating value of 15 100 kJ/kg as fired.c) Type 2: Refus

37、e, consisting of an approximately even mixture of rubbish and garbage by weight.This type of waste is common to the occupancy of the passenger ships, consisting of up to 50 % moisture, 7 % incombustible solids, and has a heating value of 10 000 kJ/kg as fired.d) Type 3: Garbage, consisting of animal

38、 and vegetable wastes from restaurants, cafeterias, galleys, sick bays, and like installations.This type of waste contains up to 70 % moisture, up to 5 % incombustible solids, and has a heating value of 5 800 kJ/kg as fired.e) Type 4: Aquatic life forms and animal remains, consisting of carcasses, o

39、rgans, and solid organic wastes from vessels carrying animal type cargoes.This type of waste contains up to 85 % moisture, 5 % incombustible solids, and has a heating value of 2 300 kJ/kg as fired.f) Type 5: By-product waste, liquid or semi-liquid, such as tar, paints, solvents, sludge oil, and so f

40、orth, from shipboard operations.BTU values shall be determined by the individual materials to be destroyed.g) Type 6: Solid by-product waste, such as rubber, plastics, wood waste, and so forth, from industrial operations.NOTE Energy values (kJ/kg or BTU/lb) has to be determined by the individual mat

41、erials to be destroyed. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 18309:2014ISO 18309:2014(E)8 Incinerator operationsThe normal incineration procedure should be described for a vessel in the technical specification and waste management plan, to define how the incinerator is to be used under normal operat

42、ing conditions, and to make sure it has enough capacity for the intended use.Reports from tests performed to meet IMO MARPOL Annex VI or ISO 13617 emission requirements should be considered in capacity calculations.The sizing of the incinerator should take into consideration the expected daily opera

43、tional hours, the uncertainty in the calculation of the waste amount and the mixture of the waste. Also, sufficient time for repair and service of the incinerator should be taken into account.8.1 Solid waste capacity calculationFor solid waste generation, the values in Clause 5 should be considered.

44、It should be taken into account if the incinerator will be batch fed or has the capability to be sluice fed continuously, or a combination of both. Batch feeding reduces the daily capacity, since the chamber shall be cooled between batches before opening and reloading.8.2 Machinery sludge oil genera

45、tion calculationFor engines using heavy fuel oil (HFO), it can be estimated that about 1 % 2 % of the fuel consumption will end up in the sludge oil tank for incineration, depending on separator capabilities and operational procedures.The daily generation of sludge oil (SO, in litres) for two-stroke

46、 engines can also be estimated by the following formula:SO dailykWPCT()=()0 182 100 24,*/*hrswhere0,182 is a typical constant for two-stroke engines with units of litres/(kWhr);kW is the ship engine size in brake kW;PCT is the estimated sludge oil generation.The formula estimates the amount of sludg

47、e generated daily under 24 h transit. If engine size is in horsepower, divide result by 1,36. Suggested minimum PCT value is 1 or 2.If the main engine runs on MDO, the daily generation of sludge is limited, and sludge oil generation should be positively verified in each case.Other sources for sludge

48、 oil, such as lubricating oil and hydraulic oil, should also be added.8.3 Capacity calculation when burning both solid waste and sludge oilThe estimated capacity calculation should be the sum of the estimates generated by 8.1 and 8.2 above.The service tanks for sludge oil should at least have suffic

49、ient capacity to hold the daily generation of such waste, as defined by 8.2, received via the sludge oil holding tank.The flue gas extraction system shall have sufficient capacity to handle stack back pressure under all circumstances, to secure full effect of theoretical incinerator capacity, and to provide personnel and property protection.Back pressure calculations shall be presented and compared with system abilities.4 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18309:2014ISO 18309:2014(E)It is recommended to consult the equipment supp