BS ISO 18400-105-2017 Soil quality Sampling Packaging transport storage and preservation of samples《土壤质量 取样 样本包装 运输 储存和保护》.pdf

1、BS ISO 18400-105:2017Soil quality SamplingPart 105: Packaging, transport, storage andpreservation of samplesBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 18400-105:2017 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18

2、400-105:2017. Together with BS ISO 18400-102:2017, BS ISO 18400-104 and BS ISO 18400-206 it supersedes BS ISO 10381-6:2009 which will be withdrawn upon publication of all remaining parts of the BS ISO 18400 series.BS ISO 18400-105:2017 is intended to be used in conjunction with BS 10175:2011+A1:2013

3、 and other members of the BS ISO series of standards as appropriate. Where there are differences in the guidance given in this standard and that in BS 10175:2011+A1:2013, the guidance in this standard takes precedence. The UK committee notes that this standard covers a wide variety of situations in

4、which investigations including sampling to determine soil quality might be carried out rather than being focused on potentially contaminated sites, as is the case in BS 10175:2011+A1:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/4, Soil quality.A list of organi

5、zations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 201

6、7ISBN 978 0 580 80934 7ICS 13.080.05Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affecte

7、dBS ISO 18400-105:2017 ISO 2017Soil quality Sampling Part 105: Packaging, transport, storage and preservation of samplesQualit du sol chantillonnage Partie 105: Emballage, transport, stockage et conservation des chantillonsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18400-105First edition2017-01Reference numberISO 184

8、00-105:2017(E)BS ISO 18400-105:2017ISO 18400-105:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, elec

9、tronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernie

10、r, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 18400-105:2017ISO 18400-105:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Incorporation in the sampling plan 25 Preparing samples for consignment 25.1 Ge

11、neral . 25.2 Containers . 25.3 Labels 45.4 Preservation of samples 45.5 Filling containers and preparing samples and containers for consignment and transport . 45.6 Sealing and consignment . 55.7 Preservation of samples 56 Preservation prior to transport 56.1 General requirements . 56.2 Cooling and

12、freezing . 76.3 Airtight storage . 76.4 Nitrogen atmosphere. 76.5 Hazardous materials 87 Transport . 87.1 General requirements . 87.2 Special transportation requirements 87.2.1 Dry soils . 87.2.2 Samples for biological testing . 87.2.3 Samples for DNA or RNA analysis . 87.2.4 Drill cores . 87.2.5 Cu

13、t soil cylinders 87.2.6 Large volumes of soil 88 Delivery 9Bibliography .10 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 18400-105:2017ISO 18400-105:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodie

14、s). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and n

15、on-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are descr

16、ibed in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn

17、 to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on th

18、e ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessme

19、nt, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .htmlThis document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Sampling.T

20、his first edition of ISO 18400-105, together with ISO 18400-102, ISO 18400-104 and ISO 18400-206, cancels and replaces ISO 10381-6:2009, which has been technically and structurally revised. The ISO 18400 series is based on a modular structure and cannot be compared to ISO 10381-6 clause by clause.A

21、list of all parts in the ISO 18400 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 18400-105:2017ISO 18400-105:2017(E)IntroductionSamples of soils and related materials are liable to change as a result of physical processes and chemical or biological reactions occurring

22、between the time of sampling and testing. This is especially true of soils contaminated with volatile constituents. The extent of these changes is a function of the chemical and biological characteristics of the sample, its temperature, its exposure to light, the nature of the container in which it

23、is placed, the time between sampling and analysis, the conditions to which it is submitted, and seasonal conditions. The characteristics of a sample can change considerably in a few hours. For more information, see ISO 18512.An important part of the sampling plan is to consider the possible extent o

24、f these changes and to prescribe the process of packaging, preservation, transport, and delivery in such a way that the samples are still representative when delivered to the laboratory.This document is part of a series on sampling standards for soil. The role/position of the International Standards

25、 within the total Investigation programme is shown in Figure 1. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO 18400-105:2017ISO 18400-105:2017(E)Figure 1 Links between the essential elements of an investigation programmeNOTE 1 The numbers in circles in Figure 1 define the key elements (1 to 7) of the investi

26、gation programme.NOTE 2 Figure 1 displays a generic process which can be amended when necessary.vi ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 18400-105:2017INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18400-105:2017(E)Soil quality Sampling Part 105: Packaging, transport, storage and preservation of samples1 ScopeThis documen

27、t establishes general principles for packing, preservation, transport and delivery of samples of soil and related materials with an emphasis on requirements for when chemical analysis of the samples is required, but with the intention that the general procedures are to be adapted as appropriate when

28、 other forms of testing are required (e.g. biological testing, physical tests on disturbed or undisturbed samples). Special procedures for specific sampling purposes are given in other parts of ISO 18400 (see also 7.2).This document is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 18512.2 Normative re

29、ferencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments

30、) applies.ISO 11074, Soil quality VocabularyISO 18512:2007, Soil quality Guidance on long and short term storage of soil samplesISO 22155, Soil quality Gas chromatographic determination of volatile aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons and selected ethers Static headspace methodDIN 19747, Investigat

31、ion of solids Pre-treatment, preparation and processing of samples for chemical, biological and physical investigations3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11074 and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use

32、in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp3.1volatile organic compoundVOCorganic compound that is a gas under normal environmental/atmospheric conditions, al

33、though it can be found in the ground in the solid, liquid, and dissolved phase form, as well as in the gaseous phaseNote 1 to entry: The US Environmental Protection Agency uses a variety of definitions for VOCs in different contexts, but the one most appropriate here is “an organic compound which ha

34、s a boiling point below that of water and which can easily vaporize or volatilize”.Note 2 to entry: Examples include single-ring aromatic hydrocarbons and other low boiling halogenated hydrocarbons, which are used as solvents or fuels, and some degradation products. ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS

35、ISO 18400-105:2017ISO 18400-105:2017(E)4 Incorporation in the sampling planThe project manager should prescribe containers and establish preservation techniques and storage times in consultation with the test laboratory and include this information in the sampling plan.The laboratory performing the

36、analysis or other tests should be consulted to ensure that appropriate containers and preservation and handling techniques are used and that any requirements specific to the proposed analytical method(s) or other method of test are taken into account (see 7.2 for transportation requirements for some

37、 special situations).5 Preparing samples for consignment5.1 GeneralAll staff who handle samples, including any labelling and packaging, should be aware of their nature and possible hazards resulting from their handling (see ISO 18400-103). Samples should be transported to the laboratory and schedule

38、d for analysis as quickly as possible to minimize any potential for physical, chemical, or biological changes before examination, usually within 24 h or in accordance with laboratory requirements for time-dependent analytes. See ISO 18512 for guidance on how laboratories should store and preserve sa

39、mples for laboratory determinations including suitable storage periods under various conditions.5.2 ContainersA container should be compatible with the nature of the soil sample and the constituents to be analysed. Any sample container used should not cause contamination of the sample, should not ad

40、sorb any sample components (for example, organic compounds), and should not allow losses of volatile components.Containers should preferably be selected that can serve for long-term storage (procedures for storage are given in ISO 18512). Repacking will then not be necessary if longer term storage i

41、s required.When the sample containers are supplied by the laboratory to which the samples are to be sent, a check should be made that they are sufficient size to hold the size of sample required as determined, following the guidance in ISO 18400-1041).NOTE 1 Table 1 provides a summary of the advanta

42、ges and disadvantages of containers in common usage. The containers usually used for routine work with “non-contaminated” soils are plastic (polyethylene or polypropylene) tubs with fitted lids, with a capacity of 1 kg to 2 kg of solid sample.NOTE 2 The size of sample required, and hence the size of

43、 container required, will depend on a variety of factors including the nature of the soil (e.g. particle sizes) and the purpose for which the sample is required (e.g. the range of tests to be carried out). Guidance on minimum samples sizes is provided in ISO 18400-1041).NOTE 3 When soils that might

44、be contaminated are to be analysed or otherwise tested, it might be necessary to take more than one sample from a sampling location in order that sample integrity is properly preserved prior to analysis and to permit a full range of potential contaminants to be determined.Plastic bags shall not be u

45、sed when analysis for organic compounds is to be carried out.Sample containers should be clean and dry. The choice of cleaning method will depend on container material and the constituents to be analysed and should not contaminate the container with regard to the constituents to be analysed or cause

46、 harm to the environment or human health.Where organic compounds are to be determined, inert containers, which prevent loss by adsorption or volatilization, should be used. Where no Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are present, a wide-mouthed amber glass jar may be used, but if VOCs are present, sa

47、mpling and handling should be done in accordance with ISO 22155 or DIN 19747.1) Under preparation.2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 18400-105:2017ISO 18400-105:2017(E)Uncertainty about whether a compound should be regarded as volatile or not should trigger a specific quality scheme to ensure that

48、 packaging, storing, etc. does not introduce bias, cross contamination, or other forms of unacceptable errors.Different sizes and types of container should always be available on site, so that if unexpected materials are encountered, they can be properly sampled.Samples for biological testing should

49、 be placed in a loosely tied polythene bag or similar to preserve sample integrity while giving free access to air (see also 7.2).Table 1 Suitability of containers for analytical samplesContainer materialSubstances present in the samplefAnalytical requirementsAdvan-tagesDisadvan-tagesAcidAlka-lineInor-gan-icsOils and tarsSolvents and other organic com-pounds including VOCsInor-gan-icsOils and tarsNon- volatile and semi- volatile organic com-poundsVolatile organic com-poundsPlastic bag +a+a+ - - +a- - -Low costsEasily damag